To what extent do water isotope records from low accumulation Alpine ice cores reproduce instrumental temperature series?

References

• Alean J , Haeberli W , Schädler B . Snow accumulation, firn temperature and solar radiation in the area of the Colle Gnifetti core drilling site (Monte Rosa, Swiss Alps): distribution patterns and interrelationships. Z. Gletscherkunde Glazialgeologie. 1983; 19: 131–147.
   Google Scholar
• Allen M. R , Smith L. A . Monte Carlo SSA: detecting irregular oscillations in the presence of colored noise. J. Clim. 1996; 9: 3373–3404.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Auer I , Böhm R , Jurkovic A , Lipa W , Orlik A , co-authors . HISTALP – historical instrumental climatological surface time series of the Greater Alpine Region. Int. J. Climatol. 2007; 27: 17–46.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Auer I , Böhm R , Jurkovic A , Orlik A , Potzmann R , co-authors . A new instrumental precipitation dataset for the greater alpine region for the period 1800–2002. Int. J. Climatol. 2005; 25: 139–166.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blass A , Grosjean M , Troxler A , Sturm M . How stable are 20th century calibration models? A high-resolution summer temperature reconstruction for the eastern Swiss Alps back to A.D. 1580 derived from proglacial varved sediments. Holocene. 2007; 17: 51–63.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bohleber P . Ground-Penetrating Radar Assisted Ice Core Research: The Challenge of an Alpine Glacier and Dielectric Ice Properties. 2011; Heidelberg, Germany: PhD thesis. University of Heidelberg.
   Google Scholar
• Böhlert R . Glaziologische Untersuchungen auf dem Colle Gnifetti und auf dem Mt. Blanc: Ermittlung der Eisdickenverteilung und interner Schichten mittels Georadar (Glaciological investigation on Colle Gnifetti and Mont Blanc: Detection of ice thickness and internal layers with ground-penetrating radar) . 2005; Zürich, Switzerland: Diploma thesis. Geographisches Institut der Universität Zürich.
   Google Scholar
• Böhm R , Auer I , Brunetti M , Maugeri M , Nanni T , co-authors . Regional temperature variability in the European Alps: 1760–1998 from homogenized instrumental time series. Int. J. Climatol. 2001; 21: 1779–1801.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Böhm R , Jones P , Hiebl J , Frank D , Brunetti M , Maugeri M . The early instrumental warm-bias: a solution for long central European temperature series 1760–2007. Clim. Change. 2010; 101: 41–67.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brazdil R , Pfister C , Wanner H , von Storch H , Luterbacher J . Historical climatology in Europe – the state of the art. Clim. Change. 2005; 70: 363–430.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Büntgen U , Frank D , Nievergelt D , Esper J . Summer temperature variations in the European Alps, A.D. 755–2004. J. Clim. 2006; 19: 5606–5623.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casty C , Wanner H , Luterbacher J , Esper J , Böhm R . Temperature and precipitation variability in the European Alps since 1500. Int. J. Climatol. 2005; 25: 1855–1880.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaudhuri P , Marron J. S . SiZer for exploration of structures in curves. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 1999; 94: 807–823.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chimani B , Böhm R , Matulla C , Ganekind M . Development of a longterm dataset of solid/liquid precipitation. Adv. Sci. Res. 2011; 6: 39–43.
   Google Scholar
• Christiansen B . Reconstructing the NH mean temperature: can underestimation of trends and variability be avoided?. J. Clim. 2010; 24: 674–692.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corona C , Guiot J , Edouard J. L , Chalié F , Büntgen U , co-authors . Millennium-long summer temperature variations in the European Alps as reconstructed from tree rings. Clim. Past. 2010; 6: 379–400.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Efron B . The 1977 Riez lecture, bootstrap methods: another look at the jackknife. Ann. Stat. 1979; 7: 1–26.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Efthymiadis D , Jones P. D , Briffa K. R , Auer I , Böhm R , co-authors . Construction of a 10-min-gridded precipitation data set for the Greater Alpine Region for 1800–2003. J. Geophys. Res. 2006; 111: D01105.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eichler A , Schwikowski M , Gäggeler H , Furrer V , Synal H.-A , co-authors . Glaziochemical dating of an ice core from upper Grenzgletscher (4200 m a.s.l.). J. Glaciol. 2000; 46: 507–515.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eisen O , Nixdorf U , Keck L , Wagenbach D . Alpine ice cores and ground penetrating radar: combined investigations for glaciological and climatic interpretations of a cold Alpine ice body. Tellus B. 2003; 55: 1007–1017.
   Google Scholar
• Elsässer C , Wagenbach D , Weller R , Auer M , Wallner A , co-authors . Continuous 25-yr aerosol records at coastal antarctica. Tellus B. 2011; 63: 920–934.
   Google Scholar
• Fischer H , Werner M , Wagenbach D , Schwager M , Thorsteinnson T , co-authors . Little ice age clearly recorded in Northern Greenland ice cores. Geophys. Res. Lett. 1998; 25: 1749–1752.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher D. A , Koerner R. M . Signal and noise in four ice-core records from the Agassiz Ice Cap, Ellesmere Island, Canada: details of the last millennium for stable isotopes, melt and solid conductivity. Holocene. 1994; 4: 113–120.
   Google Scholar
• Fisher D. A , Koerner R. M , Paterson W. S. B , Dansgaard W , Gundestrup N , Reeh N . Effect of wind scouring on climatic records from ice-core oxygen-isotope profiles. Nature. 1983; 301: 205–209.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher D , Osterberg E , Dyke A , Dahl-Jensen D . The Mt Logan Holocene–late Wisconsinan isotope record: tropical Pacific–Yukon connections. Holocene. 2008; 18: 667–677.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher D , Reeh N , Clausen H . Stratigraphic noise in time series derived from ice cores. Ann. Glaciol. 1985; 7: 76–83.
   Google Scholar
• Frank D , Büntgen U , Böhm R , Maugeri M , Esper J . Warmer early instrumental measurements versus colder reconstructed temperatures: shooting at a moving target. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2007; 26: 3298–3310.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fricke H , O'Neil J . The correlation between 18O/16O ratios of meteoric water and surface temperature: its use in investigating terrestrial climate change over geologic time. Earth. Planet. Sci. Lett. 1999; 170: 181–196.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glaser R , Riemann D . A thousand-year record of temperature variations for Germany and Central Europe based on documentary data. J. Quat. Sci. 2009; 24: 437449.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guiot J , Nicault A , Rathgeber C , Edouard J. L , Guibal F , co-authors . Last-millenium summer-temperature variations in Western Europe based on proxy data. Holocene. 2005; 15: 489–500.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haeberli W , Funk M . Borehole temperatures at the Colle Gnifetti core-drilling site (MonteRosa, Swiss Alps). J. Glaciol. 1991; 37: 37–46.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haeberli W , Schmid W , Wagenbach D . On the geometry, flow and age of firn and ice at the Colle Gnifetti core drilling site (Monte Rosa, Swiss Alps). Z. Gletscherkunde. Glazialgeologie. 1988; 24: 1–19.
   Google Scholar
• Hardy D. R , Vuille M , Bradley R. S . Variability of snow accumulation and isotopic composition on Nevado Sajama, Bolivia. J. Geophys. Res. 2003; 108: 4693.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiebl J , Auer I , Böhm R , Schöner W , Maugeri M , co-authors . A high-resolution 1961–1990 monthly temperature climatology for the greater Alpine region. Meterol. Z. 2009; 18: 507–530.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoelzle M , Darms G , Lüthi M. P , Suter S . Evidence of accelerated englacial warming in the Monte Rosa area, Switzerland/Italy. Cryosphere. 2011; 5: 231–243.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffmann G , Cuntz M , Jouzel J , Werner M , Aggarwal P. K , Gat J. R , Froehlich K. F. O . How much climatic information do water isotopes contain?. Isotopes in the Water Cycle. 2005; Netherlands: Springer. 303–320.
   Google Scholar
• Huss M , Funk M , Ohmura A . Strong Alpine glacier melt in the 1940s due to enhanced solar radiation. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2009; 36: 23501.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ilyashuk E , Koinig K , Heiri O , Ilyashuk B. P , Psenner R . Holocene temperature variations at a high-altitude site in the Eastern Alps: a chironomid record from Schwarzsee ob Sölden, Austria. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2011; 30: 176–191.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson J. D , Dunlevy J. A . Orthogonal least squares and the interchangeability of alternative proxy variables in the social sciences. J. R. Stat. Soc. Series D (The Statistician). 1988; 37: 7–14.
   Google Scholar
• Jenk T , Gäggeler H , Palmer A , Schwikowski M , Leuenberger M . Temperature reconstruction from the fiescherhorn 2002 ice core. Annual Reports of the Laboratory of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, PSI, Switzerland. 2004. Online at: http://lch.web.psi.ch/files/anrep04/30.pdf .
   Google Scholar
• Jenk T. M , Szidat S , Bolius D , Sigl M , Gäggeler H. W , co-authors . A novel radiocarbon dating technique applied to an ice core from the Alps indicating late Pleistocene ages. J. Geophys. Res. 2009; 114: D14305.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joerin U , Nicolussi K , Fischer A , Stocker T , Schlüchter C . Holocene optimum events inferred from subglacial sediments at Tschierva Glacier, Eastern Swiss Alps. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2008; 27: 337–350.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnsen S , Clausen H , Cuffey K , Hoffmann G , Schwander J , co-authors . Diffusion of stable isotopes in polar firn and ice: the isotope effect in firn diffusion. In: Physics of Ice Core Records . 2000; Sapporo, Japan: Hokkaido University Press. 121–140.
   Google Scholar
• Jones P. D , Briffa K. R , Osborn T. J , Lough J. M , van Ommen T. D , co-authors . High-resolution palaeoclimatology of the last millennium: a review of current status and future prospects. Holocene. 2009; 19: 3–49.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jouzel J , Alley R. B , Cuffey K. M , Dansgaard W , Grootes P , co-authors . Validity of the temperature reconstruction from water isotopes in ice cores. J. Geophys. Res. 1997; 102: 26471–26487.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keck L . Climate Significance of Stable Isotope Records from Alpine Ice Cores. 2001; Heidelberg, Germany: PhD thesis. University of Heidelberg.
   Google Scholar
• Konrad H , Bohleber P , Wagenbach D , Vincent C , Eisen O . Determination of the age distribution of Colle Gnifetti, Monte Rosa, Alps, by combining ice cores, ground penetrating radar and a simple flow model. J. Glaciol. 2013; 59: 179–189.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leclercq P. W , Oerlemans J . Global and hemispheric temperature reconstruction from glacier length fluctuations. Clim. Dynam. 2012; 38: 1065–1079.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ljungqvist F. C . A new reconstruction of temperature variability in the extra-tropical northern hemisphere during the last two millennia. Geogr. Ann. Phys Geogr. 2010; 92: 339–351.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loehle C . A 2000-year global temperature reconstruction based on non-treering proxies. Energ. Environ. 2007; 18: 1049–1058.
   Google Scholar
• Lüthi M. P , Funk M . Dating ice cores from a high Alpine glacier with a flow model for cold firn. Ann. Glaciol. 2000; 31: 69–79.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mann M. E , Zhang Z , Hughes M. K , Bradley R. S , Miller S. K , co-authors . Proxy-based reconstructions of hemispheric and global surface temperature variations over the past two millennia. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2008; 105(36): 13252–13257.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• May B . Radiocarbon Microanalysis on Ice Impurities for Dating of Alpine Glaciers. 2009; Heidelberg, Germany: PhD thesis. University of Heidelberg.
   Google Scholar
• Mitchell T , Carter T , Jones P , Hulme M , New M . A comprehensive set of high-resolution grids of monthly climate for Europe and the globe: the observed record (1901–2000) and 16 scenarios (2001–2100). Tyndall Centre for Clim. Res. Working Paper. 2004; 55: 30.
   Google Scholar
• Mitchell T , Jones P. D . An improved method of constructing a database of monthly climate observations and associated high-resolution grids. Int. J. Climatol. 2005; 25: 693–712.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moberg A , Sonechkin D. M , Holmgren K , Datsenko N. M , Karlen W . Highly variable Northern Hemisphere temperatures reconstructed from low- and high-resolution proxy data. Nature. 2005; 433: 613–617.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mudelsee M . Estimating pearson's correlation coefficient with bootstrap confidence interval from serially dependent time series. Math. Geol. 2003; 35: 651–665.
   Google Scholar
• Mudelsee M . Climate Time Series Analysis: Classical Statistical and Bootstrap Methods. 2010; Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London, New York: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Preunkert S , Legrand M , Wagenbach D . Sulfate trends in a Col du Dôme (French Alps) ice core: a record of anthropogenic sulfate levels in the European mid-troposphere. J. Geophys. Res. 2001; 106: 31991–32004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Preunkert S , Wagenbach D , Legrand L , Vincent C . Col du Dôme (Mt Blanc Massif, French Alps) suitability for ice-core studies in relation with past atmospheric chemistry over Europe. Tellus. 2000; 52B: 993–1012.
   Google Scholar
• Rozanski K , Araguas-Araguas L , Gonfiantini R . Relation between long-term trends of oxygen-18 isotope composition of precipitation and climate. Science. 1992; 258: 981–985.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rozanski K , Johnsen S. J , Schotterer U , Thompson L. G . Reconstruction of past climates from stable isotope records of palaeo-precipitation preserved in continental archives. Hydrolog. Sci. J. 1997; 42: 725–745.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rutherford S , Mann M. E , Osborn T. J , Briffa K. R , Jones P , co-authors . Proxy-based northern hemisphere surface temperature reconstructions: sensitivity to method, predictor network, target season, and target domain. J. Clim. 2005; 18: 2308–2329.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schöner W , Auer I , Böhm R , Keck L , Wagenbach D . Spatial representativity of air-temperature information from instrumental and ice-based isotope records in the European Alps. Ann. Glaciol. 2001; 35: 157–161.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schotterer U , Bürki H , Stichler W , Graf W , Gourcy L , co-authors . Alpine ice cores: do they record climate variability?. Conference on the Study of Environmental Change Using Isotope Techniques, IAEA. 2001; April. Austria: Vienna. 23–27.
   Google Scholar
• Schwikowski M . Reconstruction of European air pollution from Alpineice cores . 2004; 95–119. Earth Paleoenvironments: Records Preserved in Mid- and Low-Latitude Glaciers (eds. L. DeWayne Cecil, J. R. Green and L. G. Thompson), Springer, Netherlands.
   Google Scholar
• Shumskii P . Principles of Structural Glaciology Shumskii, P. 1964; Dover, Mineola, New York: Dover Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Siegenthaler U , Oeschger H . Correlation of 18O in precipitation with temperature and altitude. Nature. 1980; 285: 314–317.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spötl C , Burns S. J , Frank N , Mangini A , Pavuza N . Speleothems from the High-Alpine Spannagel Cave, Zillertal Alps (Austria). Dortrecht, Kluwer. 2004; 243–256.
   Google Scholar
• Sturm C , Zhang Q , Noone D . An introduction to stable water isotopes in climate models: benefits of forward proxy modelling for paleoclimatology. Clim. Past. 2010; 6: 115–129.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thompson L. G , Davis M. E , Lin P.-N , Henderson K , Mashiotta T. A . Tropical glacier and ice core evidence of climate change on annual to millennial time scales. Clim. Change. 2003; 59: 137–155.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trachsel M , Kamenik C , Grosjean M , McCarroll D , Moberg A , co-authors . Multi-archive summer temperature reconstruction for the European Alps, AD 1053–1996. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2012; 46: 66–79.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• von Grafenstein U , Erlenkeuser H , Brauer A , Jouzel J , Johnsen S . A Mid-European decadal isotope-climate record from 15.500 to 5.000 years B.P. Science. 1999; 284: 1654–1657.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wagenbach D , Oeschger H , Langway C. C Jr . Environmental records in Alpine glaciers. The Environmental Record in Glaciers and Ice Sheets. 1989; New York: John Wiley and Sons. 69–83.
   Google Scholar
• Wagenbach D , Haeberli W , Stauffer B . Special problems of mid-latitude glacier ice-core research. Greenhouse gases, isotopes and trace elements in glaciers as climatic evidence of the holocene. 1992. Vol. Arbeitsheft Nr.14 of Report of the ESF/EPC Workshop, Zürich 27–28 October 1992 Versuchsanstalt für Wasserbau, Hydrologie und Glaziologie der Eidgenössischen Technischen Hochschule Zürich.
   Google Scholar
• Wagenbach D , Bohleber P , Preunkert S . Cold alpine ice bodies revisited: what may we learn from their isotope and impurity content?. Geogr. Ann. Phys. Geogr. 2012; 94: 245–263.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wagner S . Dreidimensionale Modellierung zweier Gletscher und Deformationsanalyse von eisreichem Permafrost. 1996; Zürich, Switzerland: Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich. PhD thesis. Versuchsanstalt für Wasserbau, Hydrologie und Glaziologie der ETH Zürich.
   Google Scholar
• Werner M , Heimann M . Modeling interannual variability of water isotopes in Greenland and Antarctica. J. Geophy. Res. Atmos. 2002; 107: 4001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wild M , Gilgen H , Roesch A , Ohmura A , Long C. N , co-authors . From dimming to brightening: decadal changes in solar radiation at earth's surface. Science. 2005; 308(5723): 847–850.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilhelms F . Leitfähigkeits- und Dichtemessung an Eisbohrkernen. Berichte zur Polarforschung [Measuring the Conductivity and Density of Ice Cores] . 1996; 191: 1–224.
   Google Scholar
• Zemp M , Paul F , Hoelzle M , Haeberli W , Orlove B , Wiegandt E , Luckman B . Glacier fluctuations in the European Alps 1850–2000: an overview and spatio-temporal analysis of available data. The Darkening Peaks: Glacial Retreat in Scientific and Social Context. 2008; Los Angeles: University of California Press. 152–167.
   Google Scholar