181
Views
18
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Improving recommendations resulting from on-farm research: agroforestry, risk, profitability and vulnerability in southern Malawi

, , , , &
Pages 290-304 | Published online: 08 Jun 2011

References

  • Adams , A. M. , Evans , T. G. , Mohammed , R. and Farnsworth , J. 1997 . ‘Socioeconomic stratification by wealth ranking: is it valid?’ . World Development , 25 ( 7 ) : 1165 – 1172 .
  • Adjei-Nsiah , S. , Kuyper , T. W. , Leeuwis , C. , Abekpe , M. K. , Cobbinah , J. , Sakyi-Dawson , O. and Giller , K. E. 2008 . ‘Farmers’ agronomic and social evaluation of productivity, yield and N2-fixation in different cowpea varieties and their subsequent residual N effects on a succeeding maize crop’ . Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems , 80 : 199 – 209 .
  • Ajayi , O. C. , Akinnifesi , F. K. , Sileshi , G. and Chakeredza , S. 2007 . ‘Adoption of renewable soil fertility replenishment technologies in the southern African region: lessons learnt and the way forward’ . Natural Resources Forum , 31 : 306 – 317 .
  • Anderson , J. R. 2003 . ‘Risk in rural development: challenges for managers and policy makers’ . Agricultural Systems , 75 ( 2–3 ) : 161 – 197 .
  • Barrios , E. and Trejo , M. T. 2003 . ‘Implications of local soil knowledge for integrated soil fertility management in Latin America’ . Geoderma , 111 : 217 – 231 .
  • Bawden , R. J. 2007 . ‘A paradigm for persistence: a vital challenge for the agricultural academy’ . International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability , 5 ( 1 ) : 17 – 24 .
  • Chambers , R. 1995 . ‘Poverty and livelihoods: whose reality counts?’ . Environment and Urbanization , 7 : 173 – 204 .
  • Chambers , R. and Conway , G. R. 1992 . Sustainable Rural Livelihoods: Practical Concepts for the 21st Century , IDS Discussion Paper No. 296 32 Institute of Development Studies .
  • Chibnik , M. 1978 . ‘The value of subsistence production’ . Journal of Anthropological Research , 34 : 561 – 576 .
  • Chinsinga , B. 2005 . ‘The clash of voices: community-based targeting of safety-net interventions in Malawi’ . Social Policy and Administration , 39 ( 3 ) : 284 – 301 .
  • Chirwa , P. W. , Black , C. R. , Ong , C. K. and Maghembe , J. A. 2003 . ‘Tree and crop productivity in gliricidia/maize/pigeonpea cropping systems in southern Malawi’ . Agroforestry Systems , 59 ( 3 ) : 265 – 277 .
  • Chirwa , P. W. , Black , C. R. , Ong , C. K. and Maghembe , J. A. 2006 . ‘Nitrogen dynamics in cropping systems in southern Malawi containing Gliricidia sepium pigeonpea and maize’ . Agroforestry Systems , 67 : 93 – 106 .
  • Denning , G. , Kabambe , P. , Sanchez , P. , Malik , A. , Flor , R. , Harawa , R. , Nkhoma , P. , Zamba , C. , Banda , C. , Magombo , C. , Keating , M. , Wangila , J. and Sachs , J. 2009 . ‘Input subsidies to improve smallholder maize productivity in Malawi: toward an African Green Revolution’ . PLoS Biology , 7 ( 1 ) : 2 – 10 . [available at www.plosbiology.org]
  • Devereux , S. 2002 . ‘The Malawi famine of 2002’ . IDS Bulletin , 33 ( 4 ) : 70 – 78 .
  • DFID . 2001 . Sustainable Livelihoods Guidance Sheets London : DFID . (Department for International Development)
  • Ellis , F. 1998 . ‘Household strategies and rural livelihood diversification’ . Journal of Development Studies , 35 ( 1 ) : 1 – 38 .
  • Eswaran , H. , Almaraz , R. , Van den Berg , E. and Reich , P. 1996 . An Assessment of the Soil Resources of Africa in Relation to Productivity Washington, DC : USDA NRCS .
  • FEWS-NET . 2003 . Abundant Maize Keeps Prices in Check: Monthly Food Security Report Mid-August 2003-Mid-September 2003 (Famine Early Warning System Network),[available at www.fews.net/centers/innerSections.aspx?f=mw&m=1001030&pageID=monthliesDoc]. Postd 9/19/2003. Accessed 25 May 2006
  • Franzel , S. , Scherr , S. J. , Coe , R. , Cooper , P. J. M. and Place , F. 2002a . “ ‘Methods for assessing agroforestry adoption potential’ ” . In Trees on the Farm: Assessing the Adoption Potential of Agroforestry Practices in Africa Edited by: Franzel , S. and Scherr , S. J. 11 – 35 . UK : CABI Publishing .
  • Franzel , S. , Phiri , D. and Kwesiga , F. 2002 . Trees on the Farm: Assessing the Adoption Potential of Agroforestry Practices in Africa Edited by: Franzel , S. and Scherr , S. J. 37 – 64 . UK : CABI Publishing . b, ‘Assessing the adoption potential of improved fallows in eastern Zambia’, in
  • Ghadim , A. K. A. , Pannell , D. J. and Burton , M. P. 2005 . ‘Risk, uncertainty, and learning in adoption of a crop innovation’ . Agricultural Economics , 33 : 1 – 9 .
  • Hardaker , J. , Huirne , R. , Anderson , J. and Lien , G. 1997 . Coping with Risk in Agriculture USA : CAB International .
  • Hildebrand , P. E. and Russell , J. T. 1996 . Adaptability Analysis: A Method for the Design, Analysis, and Interpretation of On-farm Research-Extension Ames, IA : Iowa State University Press .
  • Jayne , T. S. , Sitko , N. , Ricker-Gilbert , J. and Mangisoni , J. 2010 . Malawi's Maize Marketing System. Report prepared under the Evaluation of the 2008/2009 Agricultural Input Subsidy Programme, funded by DFID report.
  • Kamanga , B. C. G. , Kanyama-Phiri , G. Y. and Minae , S. 1999 . ‘Intercropping perennial legumes for green manure additions to maize in Southern Malawi’ . African Crop Science Journal , 7 ( 4 ) : 355 – 363 .
  • Kanyama-Phiri , G. Y. , Snapp , S. S. and Minae , S. 1998 . ‘Partnership with Malawian farmers to develop organic matter technologies’ . Outlook on Agriculture , 27 ( 3 ) : 167 – 175 .
  • Kelly , P. M. and Adger , W. N. 2000 . ‘Theory and practice in assessing vulnerability to climate change and facilitating adaptation’ . Climatic Change , 47 ( 4 ) : 325 – 352 .
  • Langyintuo , A. 2004 . “ ‘Malawi maize sector stakeholders workshop report’, CIMMYT, from ” . In Strengthening Seed Marketing Incentives in Southern Africa to Increase Impact of Maize Breeding Research Project Conference, Lilongwe, Malawi, March.
  • Lo Monaco , G. 2006 . ‘Competitiveness of African pigeonpea exports in international markets’ . Journal of SAT Agricultural Research , [available at http://dx.doi.org/10.3914/ICRISAT.0194]
  • Makumba , W. , Akinnifesi , F. K. and Janssen , B. H. 2009 . ‘Spatial rooting patterns of gliricidia, pigeon pea and maize intercrops and effect on profile soil N and P distribution in southern Malawi’ . African Journal of Agricultural Research , 4 ( 4 ) : 278 – 288 .
  • Minot , N. , Kherallah , M. and Berry , P. 2000 . Fertilizer Market Reform and Determinants of Fertilizer Use in Benin and Malawi , IFPRI MSSD Discussion Paper No. 40 Washington, DC
  • Oliver-Smith , A. and Hoffman , S. M. 2002 . “ ‘Introduction: why anthropologists should study disasters’ ” . In Catastrophe and Culture Edited by: Hoffman , S. A. and Oliver-Smith , A. 3 – 22 . NM : School of American Research Press .
  • Ong , C. K. , Kho , R. M. and Radersma , S. 2004 . “ ‘Ecological interactions in multispecies agroecosystems: concepts and rules’ ” . In Below-ground Interactions in Tropical Agroecosystems Edited by: van Noordwijk , M. , Cadisch , G. and Ong , C. K. 1 – 15 . UK : CABI .
  • Pattanayak , S. K. , Mercer , D. E. , Sills , E. and Yang , J. C. 2003 . ‘Taking stock of agroforestry adoption studies’ . Agroforestry Systems , 57 : 173 – 186 .
  • Peters , P. 2006 . ‘Rural income and poverty in a time of radical change in Malawi’ . Journal of Development Studies , 42 ( 2 ) : 322 – 345 .
  • Phiri , A. D. K. 1999 . ‘Effects of Sesbania sesban and Tephrosia vogelii on maize yields at three different landscape positions in southern Malawi’ Master's thesis, University of Malawi Bunda College of Agriculture, Lilongwe, Malawi
  • RATES . Maize Market Assessment and Baseline Study for Malawi Nairobi, , Kenya : RATES Center . (Center for Regional Agricultural Trade Expansion Support), 2003
  • Richards , P. 1983 . ‘Ecological change and the politics of African land use’ . African Studies Review , 26 ( 2 ) : 1 – 72 .
  • Sahley , C. , Groelsema , B. , Marchione , T. and Nelson , D. 2005 . The Governance Dimensions of Food Security in Malawi, USAID report, USAID Bureau for Democracy, Conflict, and Humanitarian Assistance, Washington, DC.
  • Sakala , W. D. , Cadisch , G. and Giller , K. 2000 . ‘Interactions between residues of maize and pigeonpea and mineral N fertilizers during decomposition and N mineralization’ . Soil Biology and Biochemistry , 32 : 679 – 688 .
  • Sirrine , D. 2008 . ‘Agroforestry, soils, and food security in Southern Malawi: interdisciplinary on-farm research linking sustainability and livelihoods’, PhD dissertation, Environmental Studies Department Santa Cruz, CA : University of California .
  • Smale , M. and Heisey , P. W. 1997 . “ ‘Maize technology and productivity in Malawi’ ” . In Africa's Emerging Maize Revolution Edited by: Byerlee , D. and Eicher , C. K. 63 – 79 . CO : Lynne Reiner .
  • Snapp , S. S. 1998 . ‘Soil nutrient status of smallholder farms in Malawi’ . Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis , 29 : 2571 – 2588 .
  • Snapp , S. S. , Mafongoya , P. L. and Waddington , S. 1998 . ‘Organic matter technologies for integrated nutrient management in smallholder cropping systems of southern Africa’ . Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment , 71 ( 1–3 ) : 185 – 200 .
  • Snapp , S. S. , Rohrbach , D. D. , Simtowe , F. and Freeman , H. A. 2002a . ‘Sustainable soil management options for Malawi: can smallholder farmers grow more legumes?’ . Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment , 91 : 159 – 174 .
  • Snapp , S. S. , Kanyama-Phiri , G. Y. , Kamanga , B. , Gilbert , R. and Wellard , K. 2002b . ‘Farmer and researcher partnerships in Malawi: developing soil fertility technologies for the near-term and far-term’ . Experimental Agriculture , 38 ( 4 ) : 411 – 431 .
  • Twomlow , S. J. , Rusike , J. and Snapp , S. S. 2001 . ‘Biophysical or economic performance—which reflects farmer choice of legume “best bets” in Malawi’ . Seventh Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Maize Conference , : 480 – 486 .
  • UN IRIN . 2008 . “ ‘Malawi; subsidizing agriculture is not enough’ ” . In Africa News, 5 February (United Nations Integrated Regional Information Networks),[available at http://irinnews.org/report.aspx?reportid=76591]
  • Van Mele , P. 2008 . ‘The importance of ecological and socio-technological literacy in R&D priority setting: the case of a fruit innovation system in Guinea, West Africa’ . International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability , 6 ( 3 ) : 183 – 194 .
  • Von Braun , J. 2003 . “ ‘Agricultural economics and distributional effects’, Presidential address at the ” . In Proceedings of the 25th International Conference of Agricultural Economists, 16–22 August Durban, , South Africa [available at www.iet.ru/afe/conferences/Durban/braun.pdf]. Accessed 28 May 2007
  • Whiteside , M. 1999 . “ ‘Ganyu labor in Malawi and its implications for livelihood security interventions—an analysis of recent literature and implications for poverty alleviation’ ” . In Overseas Development Institute Agricultural Research & Extension Network, Network Paper #99. [available at http://www.rimisp.cl/agren04/docs/paper99.pdf]
  • Wisner , B. , Blaikie , P. , Cannon , T. and Davis , T. 2004 . ‘At Risk: Natural Hazards, People's Vulnerability and Disaster, , 2nd ed. New York City, NY : Routledge .
  • Wood , G. 2003 . ‘Staying secure, staying poor: the “Faustian bargain”’ . World Development , 31 : 455 – 471 .
  • Yamoah , C. F. , Walters , D. T. , Shapiro , C. A. , Francis , C. A. and Hayes , M. J. 2000 . ‘Standardized precipitation index and nitrogen rate effects on crop yields and risk distribution in maize’ . Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment , 80 ( 1–2 ) : 113 – 120 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.