References
- Butterworth RF. The neurobiology of hepatic encephalopathy. Semin Liver Dis 1996; 16(3): 235–44
- Butterworth RF. Portal-systemic encephalopathy: a disorder of neurone-astrocytic metabolic trafficking. Dev Neurosci 1989; 15: 313–23
- Hindfeltt B, Plum F, Duffy TE. Effect of acute ammonia intoxication on cerebral metabolism in rats with portocaval shunts. J Clin Invest 1977; 59(3): 386–96
- Zieve L, Dolzaki WM, Zieve FJ. Synergism between mercaptans and ammonia or fatty acids in the production of coma: a possible role for mercaptans in the pathogenesis of hepatic coma. J Lab Clin Med 1974; 83(1): 16–28
- Basile AS, Jones EA. Ammonia and GABA-ergic neurotransmission: interrelated factors in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy. Hepatology 1997; 25(6): 1303–5
- Pommier-Layrargues G, Butterworth RF. Efficacy of Ro 151788 in cirrhotic patients with hepatic coma: results of a randomized double blind placebo-controlled crossover trial. Hepatology 1992: 16: 314–9
- Kulisevsky J, Pujol J, Balauzo J. Pallidal hypersensitivity on magnetic resonance imaging in cirrhotic patients: clinical correlations. Hepatology 1992; 16(6): 1382–8
- Weisenborn K, Ehrenhein C, Hori A, et al. Pallidal lesions in patients with liver cirrhosis: clinical and MRI evaluations. Metab Brain Dis 1995; 10(3): 219–31
- Young SL, Lal S, Feldmuller F, et al. Relationships between tryptophan in serum and CSF, and 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid in CSF of man: effects of cirrhosis of the liver and probenecid administration. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1975; 38(4): 322–30
- Rao VL, Giguere JF, Layrargues GP, et al. Increased activities of MAOA and MAOB in autopsied brain tissue from cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy. Brain Res 1993; 621(2): 349–52
- Laidlaw J, Read AE, Sherlock S. Morphine imbalances in hepatic cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 1961; 40: 389–96
- Thornton J, Losowsky MS. Plasma methionine enkephalin concentrations and prognosis in primary biliary cirrhosis. BMJ 1988; 297(6658): 1241–2
- Levy LJ, Bolton RP, Losowsky MS. The visual evoked potential in clinical hepatic encephalopathy in acute and chronic liver disease. Hepatogastroenterology 1990; 37(Suppl 2): 66–73
- Cordoba J, Blei AT. Treatment of hepatic encephalopathy. Am J Gastroenterol 1997; 92(9): 1429–39
- Sushma S, Sasarathy S, Tandon RK, et al. Sodium benzoate in the treatment of acute hepatic encephalopathy: a double-blind randomized trial. Hepatology 1992; 16(1): 138–44
- Del Olmo JA, Castillo M, Rodrigo JM, et al. Effect of L-carnitine upon ammonia tolerance test in cirrhotic patients. In: Grisolia S, Felipo, V, Mañana M-D, eds. Cirrhosis, hepatic encephalopathy and ammonium toxicity. New York: Plenum, 1990: 197–208
- Naylor CD, O'Rourke K, Detsky AS, et al. Parenteral nutrition with branched-chain amino acids in hepatic encephalopathy: a meta-analysis. Gastroenterology 1989; 97(4): 1033–42
- Horst D, Grace ND, Conn HO, et al. Comparison of dietary proteins with an oral, branched chain-enriched amino acid supplement in chronic portal-systemic encephalopathy: a randomized control trial. Hepatology 1984; 4(2): 279–87
- Ferency P, Herneth A, Steindl P. Newer approaches to therapy of hepatic encephalopathy. Semin Liver Dis 1996; 16(3): 329–37
- Greenberger NJ, Carley JE, Shenker S, et al. Effect of vegetable and animal protein diets in chronic hepatic encephalopathy. Am J Dig Dis 1977; 22(10): 845–55