20
Views
6
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Beta blockers for CHF

Adrenergic blockade dramatically reduces morbidity and mortality

, MD & , MD
Pages 49-56 | Published online: 30 Jun 2015

References

  • Guidelines for the evaluation and management of heart failure. Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure). J Am Coll Cardiol 1995; 26(5); 1376–98
  • Ferrari R, Ceconi C, Curello S, et al. Activation of the neuroendocrine response in heart failure: adaptive or maladaptive process? Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 1996: 10(Suppl 2): 623–9
  • Packer M. The neurohormal hypothesis: a theory to explain the mechanism of disease progression in heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 1992; 20(1): 248–54
  • Eichhorn EJ, Bristow MR. Medical therapy can improve the biological properties of the chronically failing heart: a new era in the treatment of heart failure. Circulation 1996; 94(9): 2285–96
  • Packer M, Bristow MR, Cohn JN, et al, for the US Carvedilol Heart Failure Study Group. The effect of Carvedilol on morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med 1996; 334(21): 1349–55
  • The Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study II (CIBIS-II): a randomised trial. CIBIS-II Investigators and Committee. Lancet 1999; 353(9146); 9–13
  • MERIT-HF Study Group. Effect of metoprolol CR/XL in chronic heart failure: Metoprolol CR/XL Randomised Intervention Trial in Congestive Heart Failure (MERIT-HF). Lancet 1999; 353(9169): 2001–7
  • Advisory Council to Improve Outcomes Nationwide in Heart Failure. Consensus recommendations for the management of chronic heart failure. Am J Cardiol 1999; 83(2A): 1–38A
  • Heart Failure Society of America. HFSA guidelines for management of patients with heart failure caused by left ventricular systolic dysfunction—pharmacological approaches. J Card Fail 1999; 5(4): 357–82
  • Criteria Committee of the New York Heart Association. Nomenclature and criteria for the diagnosis of diseases of the heart and great vessels. 6th ed. Boston: Little Brown, 1964
  • American College of Cardiology. Carvedilol proves effective in treating severe heart failure. Available at: http://www.acc.org/media/carvedilolrev.htm. Accessed Jan 15, 2001
  • Metra M, Nodari S, D'Aloia A, et al. A rationale for the use of beta-blockers as standard treatment for heart failure. Am Heart J 2000; 139(3): 511–21
  • Bristow MR. Beta-adrenergic receptor blockade in chronic heart failure. Circulation 2000; 101(5): 558–69
  • Waagstein F, Hjalmarson A, Varnauskas E, et al. Effect of chronic beta-adrenergic receptor blockade in congestive cardiomyopathy. Br Heart J 1975; 37(10): 1022–36
  • Lechat P, Packer M, Chalon S, et al. Clinical effects of beta-adrenergic blockade in chronic heart failure: a meta-analysis of double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trials. Circulation 1999; 98(12): 1184–91
  • Frishman WH. Carvedilol. N Engl J Med 1998; 339(24): 1759–65
  • Packer M, Colucci WS, Sackner-Bernstein JD, et al. Doubleblind, placebo-controlled study of the effects of Carvedilol in patients with moderate to severe heart failure. The PRECISE Trial. Prospective Randomized Evaluation of Carvedilol on Symptoms and Exercise. Circulation 1996; 94(11): 2793–9
  • Bristow MR, Gilbert EM, Abraham WT, et al. Carvedilol produces dose-related improvements in left ventricular function and survival in subjects with chronic heart failure. MOCHA Investigators. Circulation 1996; 94(11): 2807–16
  • Colucci WS, Packer M, Bristow MR, et al. Carvedilol inhibits clinical progression in patients with mild symptoms of heart failure. US Carvedilol Heart Failure Study Group. Circulation 1996; 94(11): 2800–6
  • Cohn JN, Fowler MB, Bristow MR, et al. Safety and efficacy of Carvedilol in severe heart failure. The US Carvedilol Heart Failure Study Group. J Card Fail 1997; 3(3): 173–9
  • A randomized trial of beta-blockade in heart failure: the Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study (CIBIS). CIBIS Investigators and Committees. Circulation 1994; 90(4): 1765–73
  • Pinkowish MD. Beta-blockers and ACE inhibitors: new data, old myths. Patient Care 2000; 34(13): 62–84
  • Design of the Beta-Blocker Evaluation Survival Trial (BEST). The BEST Steering Committee. Am J Cardiol 1995; 75(17): 1220–3
  • Domanski M, Eichhorn E. Beta-Blocker Evaluation Survival Trial—BEST: late-breaking clinical trials. Presented at the 71st Scientific Session of the American Heart Association, Nov 10, 1999, Atlanta.
  • Sabbadini G, Di Lenarda A, Sinagra G. Are all beta blocking agents equally effective in the treatment of chronic heart failure? Cardiovasc Rev Rep 2000; 21(7): 375–80
  • Kukin ML. Are all beta blockers the same for heart failure? CHF 2000; 6(3): 153–7
  • Metra M, Giubbini R, Nodari S, et al. Differential effects of beta-blockers in patients with heart failure: a prospective, randomized, double-blind comparison of the long-term effects of metoprolol versus Carvedilol. Circulation 2000; 102(5): 546–51

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.