References
- . American Heart Association. 2002 Heart and Stroke Statistical Update. Dallas, TX: American Heart Association; 2001
- . National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. National Diabetes Statistics, 2007 Fact Sheet. Bethesda, MD: US Dept of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health; 2008. http://diabetes.nlddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/statistics/index.htm#allages. Accessed April 3, 2009
- . American Diabetes Association. Economic costs of diabetes in the US in 2007. Diabetes Care. 2008;31(3):596–615
- . National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) Final Report. Bethesda, MD: US Dept of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; September 2002. NIH publication 02–5215
- . The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. N Engl J Med. 1993;329(14):977–986
- . UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet. 1998;352(9131):837–853
- . American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes − 2008. Diabetes Care. 2008;31( suppl 1):S12–S54
- . Stratton IM, Adler AI, Neil HA, . Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study. BMJ. 2000;321(7258):405–412
- . Holman RR, Paul SK, Bethel MA, Matthews DR, Neil HA. 10-year follow-up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(15):1577–1589
- . Nathan DM, Cleary PA, Backlund JY, ; Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) Study Research Group. Intensive diabetes treatment and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2005;353(25):2643–2653
- . ; Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Study GroupGerstein HC, Miller ME, Byington RP, . Effects of intensive glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(24):2545–2559
- . Nissen SE, Wolski K. Effect of rosiglitazone on the risk of myocardial infarction and death from cardiovascular causes. N Engl J Med. 2007;356(24):2457–2471
- . ; The ADVANCE Collaborative GroupPatel A, MacMahon S, Chalmers J, . Intensive blood glucose control and vascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(24):2560–2572
- . Duckworth W, Abraira C, Moritz T, ; VADT Investigators. Glucose control and vascular complications in veterans with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(2):129–139
- . Skyler JS, Bergenstal R, Bonow RO, ; American Diabetes Association; American College of Cardiology Foundation; American Heart Association. Intensive glycemic control and the prevention of cardiovascular events: implications of the ACCORD, ADVANCE, and VA diabetes trials: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association and a scientific statement of the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American Heart Association. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(1):187–192
- . Kooy A, de Jager J, Lehert P, . Long-term effects of metformin on metabolism and microvascular and macrovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169(6):616–625
- . ; Prospective Studies CollaborationWhitlock G, Lewington S, Sherliker P. Body-mass index and cause-specific mortality in 900 000 adults: collaborative analyses of 57 prospective studies. Lancet. 2009;373(9669):1083–1096