The 600-Step Program for Type 1 Diabetes Self-Management in Youth: The Magnitude of the Self-Management Task

References

• . Rydén O, Nevander L, Johnsson P, . Family therapy in poorly controlled juvenile IDDM: effects on diabetic control, self-evaluation and behavioural symptoms. Acta Paediatr. 1994;83(3):285–291
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Anderson BJ, Auslander WF, Jung KC, Miller JP, Santiago JV. Assessing family sharing of diabetes responsibilities. J Pediatr Psychol. 1990;15(4):477–492
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Becker MH, Janz NK. The Health Belief Model applied to understanding diabetes regimen compliance. Diabetes Educ. 1985;11:41–47
   Google Scholar
• . Dashiff CJ, McCaleb A, Cull V. Self-care of young adolescents with type 1 diabetes. J Pediatr Nurs. 2006;21(3):222–232
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . Ellis DA, Frey MA, Naar-King S, Templin T, Cunningham P, Cakan N. Use of multisystemic therapy to improve regimen adherence among adolescents with type 1 diabetes in chronic poor metabolic control: a randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Care. 2005;28(7):1604–1610
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Ingersoll GM, Orr DP, Herrold AJ, Golden MP. Cognitive maturity and self-management among adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Pediatr. 1986;108(4):620–623
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Jarosz-Chobot P, Guthrie DW, Otto-Buczkowska E, Koehler B. Self-care of young diabetics in practice. Med Sci Monit. 2000;6(1):129–132
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . Johnson SB. Health behavior and health status: concepts, methods, and applications. J Pediatr Psychol. 1994;19(2):129–141
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Kovacs M, Goldston D, Obrosky DS, Iyengar S. Prevalence and predictors of pervasive noncompliance with medical treatment among youths with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1992;31(6):1112–1119
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . La Greca AM, Bearman KJ. Commentary: if ‘an apple a day keeps the doctor away,’ why is adherence so darn hard? J Pediatr Psychol. 2001;26(5):279–282
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Wysocki T, Taylor A, Hough BS, Linscheid TR, Yeates KO, Naglieri JA. Deviation from developmentally appropriate self-care autonomy: association with diabetes outcomes. Diabetes Care. 1996;19(2):119–125
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Du Pasquier-Fediaevsky L, Chwalow AJ, Tubiana-Rufi D; PEDIAB Collaborative Group. Is the relationship between adherence behaviours and glycaemic control bi-directional at adolescence? A longitudinal cohort study. Diabet Med. 2005;22(40):427–433
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . American Diabetes Association. Medical Management of Insulin-Dependent (Type I) Diabetes. 2nd ed. Alexandria, VA: American Diabetes Association; 1994
   Google Scholar
• . Bauman LJ. A patient-centered approach to adherence: risks for nonadherence. In: Drotar D, ed. Promoting Adherence to Medical Treatment in Chronic Childhood Illness: Concepts, Methods, and Interventions. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 2000:71–93
   Google Scholar
• . Drotar D, Riekert KA, Burgess E, . Treatment adherence in childhood chronic illness: issues and recommendations to enhance practice, research, and training. In: Drotar D, ed. Promoting Adherence to Medical Treatment in Chronic Childhood Illness: Concepts, Methods, and Interventions. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 2000:455–478
   Google Scholar
• . Hurley AC, Shea CA. Self-efficacy: strategy for enhancing diabetes self-care. Diabetes Educ. 1992;18(2):146–150
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . Johnson SB. Chronic diseases of childhood: assessing compliance with complex medical regimens. In: Krasnegor NA, Epstein L, Johnson SB, Yaffe SJ, eds. Developmental Aspects of Health Compliance Behavior. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 1993:157–184
   Google Scholar
• . Johnson SB, Silverstein J, Rosenbloom A, Carter R, Cunningham W. Assessing daily management in childhood diabetes. Health Psychol. 1986;5(6):545–564
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Palardy N, Greening L, Ott J, Holderby A, Atchinson J. Adolescents' health attitudes and adherence to treatment for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 1998;19(1):31–37
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Ruggiero L, Javorsky DJ. Diabetes self-management in children. In: Goreczny AJ, Hersen M, eds. Handbook of Pediatric and Adolescent Health Psychology. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon; 1999:49–70
   Google Scholar
• . Stallwood L. Influence of caregiver stress and coping on glycemic control of young children with diabetes. J Pediatr Health Care. 2005;19(5):293–300
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists. The American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists medical guidelines for the management of diabetes mellitus: the AACE system of intensive diabetes self-management–2002 update. Endocr Pract. 2002;8( suppl 1):40–82
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . American Diabetes Association. Clinical practice recommendations 1995. Diabetes Care. 1995;18( suppl 1):4–96
   Google Scholar
• . American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes–2007. Diabetes Care. 2007;30( suppl 1):S4–S41
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . Johnson SB. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in childhood. In: Roberts MC, ed. Handbook of Pediatric Psychology. New York: The Guilford Press; 1995:263–285
   Google Scholar
• . American Diabetes Association. Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. Diabetes Care. 2003;26( suppl 1):S125
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . American Diabetes Association. Preventive foot care in people with diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2003;26( suppl 1):S78–S79
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Surwit RS, Feinglos MN, Scovern AW. Diabetes and behavior: a paradigm for health psychology. Am Psychol. 1983;38(3):255–261
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Pond JS, Peters ML, Pannell DL, Rogers CS. Psychosocial challenges for children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Educ. 1995;21(4):297–299
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Travis LB, Brouhard BJ, Schreiner BK. Diabetes Mellitus in Children and Adolescence. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 1987
   Google Scholar
• . Baker L, Lyen K. Laying the foundation for juvenile diabetes management. Drug Therapy. 1981;10:63–73
   Google Scholar
• Portuese E, Orchard T. Mortality in insulin-dependent diabetes. In: National Diabetes Data Group, eds. Diabetes in America. 2nd ed. Bethesda, MD: National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse; 1995:221–232
   Google Scholar
• . Songer, TJ. Disability in diabetes. In: National Diabetes Data Group, eds. Diabetes in America. 2nd ed. Bethesda, MD: National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse; 1995:259–282
   Google Scholar
• . Karoly P. Enlarging the scope of the compliance construct: toward developmental and motivational relevance. In: Krasnegor NA, Epstein LH, Johnson SB, Yaffe SJ, eds. Developmental Aspects of Health Compliance Behavior. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 1993:59–76
   Google Scholar
• . Wysocki T, Greco P, Buckloh LM. Childhood diabetes in psychological context. In: Roberts MC, ed. Handbook of Pediatric Psychology. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2003:304–320
   Google Scholar
• . Warren-Boulton E, Auslander WF, Gettinger JM. Understanding diabetes routines: a professional training exercise. Diabetes Care. 1982;5:537–542
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . American Diabetes Association. Curriculum for Youth Education. New York, NY: American Diabetes Association; 1983
   Google Scholar
• . Peragallo-Dittko V, Godley K, Meyer J, eds. A Core Curriculum for Diabetes Education. 2nd ed. Chicago, IL: American Association of Diabetes Educators; 1993
   Google Scholar
• . American Diabetes Association. Basic Information Series (#s 1, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 24, 26, 27, 37, 38) [brochure]. Alexandria, VA: American Diabetes Association; 1988, 1989, 1990
   Google Scholar
• . American Diabetes Association. Clinical practice recommendations. Diabetes Care. 1993;16( suppl 2):1–118
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . American Diabetes Association. Physical activity/exercise and diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2003;26( suppl 1):S73–S77
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . American Diabetes Association. Insulin Administration. Diabetes Care. 2004;27( suppl 1):S106–S109
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . Daneman D. When should your child take charge? Diabetes Forecast. 1991;44:61–66
   Google Scholar
• . Gilbert B, Johnson SB, Spillar R, McCallum M, Silverstein J, Rosenbloom A. The effects of a peer modeling film on children learning to self-inject insulin. Behav Ther. 1982;13:186–193
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Harkavy J, Johnson SB, Silverstein J, Spillar R, McCallum M, Rosenbloom A. Who learns what at diabetes summer camp. J Pediatr Psychol. 1983;8(2):143–153
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . Nurick MA, Johnson SB. Enhancing blood glucose awareness in adolescents and young adults with IDDM. Diabetes Care. 1991;14(1):1–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Walsh J, Roberts R. Pumping Insulin: Everything You Need for Success With an Insulin Pump. 3rd ed. San Diego, CA: Torrey Pines Press; 2000
   Google Scholar
• . Mulcahy K, Maryniuk M, Peeples M, . Diabetes self-management education core outcomes measures. Diabetes Educ. 2003;29(5):768–770
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Wysocki T, Greco P. Self-management of childhood diabetes in family context. In: Gochman DS, ed. Handbook of Health Behavior Research II: Provider Determinants. New York, NY: Plenum Press; 1997:169–187
   Google Scholar
• . Brink S, Moltz K. The message of the DCCT for children and adolescents. Diabetes Spectrum. 1997;10(4):259–267
   Google Scholar
• . Follansbee DS. Assuming responsibility for diabetes management: what age? What price? Diabetes Educ. 1990;15(4):347–353
   Google Scholar
• . Giordano BP, Petrila A, Banion CR, Neuenkirchen G. The challenge of transferring responsibility for diabetes management from parent to child. J Pediatr Health Care. 1992;6(5 pt 1):235–239
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . Meichenbaum D, Turk DC. Facilitating Treatment Adherence: A Practitioner's Guidebook. New York, NY: Plenum Press; 1987
   Google Scholar
• . Anderson BJ, Coyne JC. “Miscarried helping” in the families of children and adolescents with chronic diseases. In: Johnson JH, Johnson SB, eds. Advances in Child Health Psychology. Gainesville, FL: University of Florida Press; 1991:167–177
   Google Scholar
• . Carey TC, Reid G, Ruggiero L, Horner J. The Diabetes Regimen Responsibility Scale: information on internal consistency and validity in a pediatric sample. Assessment. 1997;4:207–209
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Palmer DL, Berg CA, Wiebe DJ, . The role of autonomy and pubertal status in understanding age differences in maternal involvement in diabetes responsibility across adolescence. J Pediatr Psychol. 2004;29(1):35–46
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Silverstein J, Klingensmith G, Copeland K, . Care of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a statement of the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2005;28(1):186–212
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Derry SJ. Learning strategies for acquiring useful knowledge. In: Jones BF, Idol L, eds. Dimensions of Thinking and Cognitive Instruction. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. Publishers; 1990:347–379
   Google Scholar
• . Toobert DJ, Glasgow RE. Assessing diabetes self-management: the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Questionnaire. In: Bradley C, ed. Handbook of Psychology and diabetes. Berkshire, UK: Harwood Academic; 1994:351–374
   Google Scholar
• . Schilling LS, Grey M, Knafl KA. A review of measures of self-management of type 1 diabetes by youth and their parents. Diabetes Educ. 2002;28(5):796–808
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . La Greca AM, Follansbee D, Skyler JS. Developmental and behavioral aspects of diabetes management in youngsters. Children's Health Care. 1990;19:132–139
   Google Scholar
• . Garrison WT, Biggs D. The diabetes pictorial scale: a direct measure of young children's knowledge, attitudes, and behavior relevant to their insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Educ. 1990;16(1):21–24
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . Garrison WT, Biggs D. Young children's subjective reports about their diabetes mellitus: a validation of the Diabetes Pictorial Scale. Diabetes Educ. 1990;16(4):304–308
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . Brownlee-Duffeck M, Peterson L, Simonds JF, Goldstein D, Kilo C, Hoette S. The role of health beliefs in the regimen adherence and metabolic control of adolescents and adults with diabetes mellitus. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1987;55(2):139–144
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Cook S, Alkens JE, Berry CA, McNabb WL. Development of the Diabetes Problem-Solving Measure for adolescents. Diabetes Educ. 2001;27(6):865–874
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Fitzgerald JT, Funnell MM, Hess GE, . The reliability and validity of a brief diabetes knowledge test. Diabetes Care. 1998;21(5):706–710
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Frey M. Behavioral correlates of health and illness in youths with chronic illness. Appl Nurs Res. 1996;9(4):167–176
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Glasgow RE, McCaul KD, Schafer LC. Barriers to regimen adherence among persons with insulin-dependent diabetes. J Behav Med. 1986;9(1):65–77
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Grossman HY, Brink S, Hauser ST. Self-efficacy in adolescent girls and boys with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 1987;10(3):324–329
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Hanson CL, Henggeler SW, Burghen GA. Model of associations between psychosocial variables and health-outcome measures of adolescents with IDDM. Diabetes Care. 1987;10(6):752–758
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Hanson CL, Henggeler SW, Burghen GA. Social competence and parental support as mediators of the link between stress and metabolic control in adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1987;55(4):529–533
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Hanson CL, De Guire MJ, Schinkel AM, Kolterman OG, Goodman JP, Buckingham BA. Self-care behaviors in insulin-dependent diabetes: evaluative tools and their associations with glycemic control. J Pediatr Psychol. 1996;21(4):467–482
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Harris MA, Wysocki T, Sadler M, . Validation of a structured interview for the assessment of diabetes self-management. Diabetes Care. 2000;23(9):1301–1304
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Heiby EM, Gafarian CT, McCann SC. Situational and behavioral correlates of compliance to a diabetic regimen. J Compliance Health Care. 1989;4:101–116
   Google Scholar
• . Iannotti RJ, Schneider S, Nansel TR, . Self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and diabetes self-management in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2006;27(2):98–105
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Johnson SB, Pollak RT, Silverstein JH, . Cognitive and behavioral knowledge about insulin-dependent diabetes among children and parents. Pediatrics. 1982;69(6):708–713
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Kneckt MC, Syrjälä AH, Laukkanen P, Knuuttila MLE. Self-efficacy as a common variable in oral health behavior and diabetes adherence. Eur J Oral Sci. 1999;107(2):89–96
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Kyngäs H, Hentinen M, Barlow J. Adolescents' perceptions of physicians, nurses, parents and friends: help or hindrance in compliance with diabetes self-care? J Adv Nurs. 1999;27(4):760–769
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . La Greca AM, Swales T, Klemp S, Madigan S. Self care behaviors among adolescents with diabetes [abstract]. In: Anderson NB, ed. Ninth Annual Sessions of the Society of Behavioral Medicine, Boston, MA, 1988. Knoxville, TN: The Society of Behavioral Medicine; 1988
   Google Scholar
• . Littlefield CH, Craven JL, Rodin GM, Daneman D, Murray MA, Rydall AC. Relationship of self-efficacy and binging to adherence to diabetes regimen among adolescents. Diabetes Care. 1992;15(1):90–94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . McKelvey J, Waller DA, North AJ, . Reliability and validity of the Diabetes Family Behavior Scale (DFBS). Diabetes Educ. 1993;19(2):125–132
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . McNabb WL, Quinn MT, Murphy DM, Thorp FK, Cook S. Increasing children's responsibility for diabetes self-care: the in Control study. Diabetes Educ. 1994;20(2):121–124
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Miller-Johnson S, Emery RE, Marvin RS, Clarke W, Livinger R, Martin M. Parent-child relationships and the management of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1994;62(3):603–610
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Mollem ED, Snoek FJ, Heine RJ. Assessment of perceived barriers in self-care of insulin-requiring diabetic patients. Patient Educ Couns. 1996;29(3):277–281
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . O'Neil KJ, Jonnalagadda SS, Hopkins BL, Kicklighter JR. Quality of life and diabetes knowledge of young persons with type 1 diabetes: influence of treatment modalities and demographics. J Am Diet Assoc. 2005;105(1):85–91
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . Rubin RR, Young-Hyman D, Peyrot M. Parent-child responsibility and conflict in diabetes care. Diabetes. 1989;38:28A
   Google Scholar
• . Saucier CP, Clark LM. The relationship between self-care and metabolic control in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Educ. 1993;19(2):133–135
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . Schafer LC, Glasgow RE, McCaul KD, Dreher M. Adherence to IDDM regimens: relationship to psychosocial variables and metabolic control. Diabetes Care. 1983;6(5):493–498
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Schafer LC, McCaul KD, Glasgow RE. Supportive and nonsupportive family behaviors: relationships to adherence and metabolic control in persons with type I diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1986;9(2):179–185
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Wysocki T, Meinhold PM, Taylor A, . Psychometric properties and normative data for the parent version of the diabetes independence survey. Diabetes Educ. 1996;22(6):587–590
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Creer TL. Self-management and the control of chronic pediatric illness. In: Drotar D, ed. Promoting Adherence to Medical Treatment in Chronic Childhood Illness: Concepts, Methods, and Interventions. Mahwah, NJ: L Erlbaum Associates; 2000:95–129
   Google Scholar
• . Frey MA, Ellis D, Naar-King S, Greger N. Diabetes management in adolescents in poor metabolic control. Diabetes Educ. 2004;30:647–657
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . La Greca AM. It's “all in the family”: responsibility for diabetes care. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 1998;11( suppl 2):379–385
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . La Greca AM, Auslander WF, Greco P, Spetter D, Fisher EB, Santiago JV. I get by with a little help from my family and friends: adolescents' support for diabetes care. J Pediatr Psychol. 1995;20(4):449–476
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Wiebe DJ, Berg CA, Korbel C, . Children's appraisals of maternal involvement in coping with diabetes: enhancing our understanding of adherence, metabolic control, and quality of life across adolescence. J Pediatr Psychol. 2005;30(2):167–178
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Hirsch IB. Insulin analogues. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:174–183
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar