58
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Clinical Focus: Emergency Medicine

Therapeutic Hypothermia: Implications for Acute Care Practitioners

, MD, FACP, FCCP, FCCM
Pages 19-27 | Published online: 13 Mar 2015

References

  • . Varon J, Acosta P. Therapeutic hypothermia: past, present, and future. Chest. 2008;133(5):1267–1274
  • . Fay T. Clinical report and evaluation of low temperature in treatment of cancer. Proceed Inter-state Post Grad Med Ass N Am. 1940:292–297
  • . Alzaga AG, Salazar GA, Varon J. Resuscitation great. Breaking the thermal barrier: Dr. Temple Fay. Resuscitation. 2006;69(3):359–364
  • . Tosatti E. [Hypothermia in cardiac surgery.] Rass Clin Sci. 1952;28(12):363–368
  • . Wagner HR, Subramanian S. Deep hypothermia in infant cardiac surgery. Pediatrics. 1978;61(3):479–483
  • . Schubert A. Should mild hypothermia be routinely used for human cerebral protection? The flip side. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 1992;4(3):216–220
  • . Alzaga AG, Cerdan M, Varon J. Therapeutic hypothermia. Resuscitation. 2006;70(3):369–380
  • . Püttgen HA, Pantle H, Geocadin RG. Management of cardiac arrest patients to maximize neurologic outcome. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2009;15(2):118–124
  • . Koran Z. Therapeutic hypothermia in the postresuscitation patient: the development and implementation of an evidence-based protocol for the emergency department. J Trauma Nurs. 2009;16(1):48–57
  • . Nolan JP, Deakin CD, Soar J, Böttiger BW, Smith G; European Resuscitation Council. European Resuscitation Council guidelines for resuscitation 2005. Section 4. Adult advanced life support. Resuscitation. 2005;67( suppl 1):S39–S86
  • . ECC Committee, Subcommittees and Task Forces of the AHA. 2005 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resusitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Part 7.5: Postresuscitation support. Circulation. 2005;112( 24 suppl):IV84–IV88
  • . Abella BS, Alvarado JP, Myklebust H,. Quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation during in-hospital cardiac arrest. JAMA. 2005;293(3):305–310
  • . Varon J, Acosta P. Therapeutic hypothermia use among health care providers in 2 developing countries. Am J Emerg Med. 2008;26(2):244
  • . Varon J, Sternbach GL. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation: lessons from the past. J Emerg Med. 1991;9(6):503–507
  • . Liss HP. A history of resuscitation. Ann Emerg Med. 1986;15(1):65–72
  • . Mordecai Y, Globus R, Dietrich W, Sternau L, Morikawa E, Ginsberg M. Temperature modulation of neuronal injury. In: Marangos PJ, Lal H, eds. Emerging Strategies in Neuroprotection. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser; 1992:289–306
  • . Sealy WC, Brown IW Jr, Young WG Jr. A report on the use of both extracorporeal circulation and hypothermia for open heart surgery. Ann Surg. 1958;147(5):603–613
  • . Kawamura S, Suzuki A, Hadeishi H, Yasui N, Hatazawa J. Cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism during mild hypothermia in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2000;142(10):1117–1121
  • . Bernard SA, Buist M. Induced hypothermia in critical care medicine: a review. Crit Care Med. 2003;31(7):2041–2051
  • . Rosomoff HL, Holaday DA. Cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygen consumption during hypothermia. Am J Physiol. 1954;179(1):85–88
  • . Bigelow WG, McBirnie JE. Further experiences with hypothermia for intracardiac surgery in monkeys and groundhogs. Ann Surg. 1953;137(3):361–365
  • . Rosomoff HL, Gilbert R. Brain volume and cerebrospinal fluid pressure during hypothermia. Am J Physiol. 1955;183(1):19–22
  • . Benson DW, Williams GR Jr, Spencer FC, Yates AJ. The use of hypothermia after cardiac arrest. Anesth Analg. 1959;38:423–428
  • . Pool JL, Kessler LA. Mechanism and control of centrally induced cardiac irregularities during hypothermia. I. Clinical observations. J Neurosurg. 1958;15(1):52–64
  • . Webb WR, Deguzman VC, Grogan JB, Artz CP. Hypothermia: its effects upon hematologic clearance in experimentally induced staphylococcal bacteremia. Surgery. 1962;52:643–647
  • . Bernard SA, Jones BM, Horne MK. Clinical trial of induced hypothermia in comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Ann Emerg Med. 1997;30(2):146–153
  • . Marion DW, Leonov Y, Ginsberg M,. Resuscitative hypothermia. Crit Care Med. 1996;24( 2 suppl):S81–S89
  • . Röggla M, Frossard M, Wagner A, Holzer M, Bur A, Röggla G. Severe accidental hypothermia with or without hemodynamic instability: rewarming without the use of extracorporeal circulation. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2002;114(8–9):315–320
  • . Ginsberg MD, Bellyev L. Biological and molecular mechanisms of hypothermic neuroprotection. In: Mayer SA, Sessler DI, eds. Therapeutic Hypothermia. New York, NY: Marcel Dekker; 2005:85–140
  • . Hypothermia after Cardiac Arrest Study Group. Mild therapeutic hypothermia to improve the neurologic outcome after cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med. 2002;346(8):549–556
  • . Nolan JP, Morley PT, Hoek TL, Hickey RW; Advancement Life support Task Force of the International Liaison committee on Resuscitation. Therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest. An advisory statement by the Advancement Life support Task Force of the International Liaison committee on Resuscitation. Resuscitation. 2003;57(3):231–235
  • . Nolan J, Soar J. Images in resuscitation: the ECG in hypothermia. Resuscitation. 2005;64(2):133–134
  • . Nolan JP, Hazinski MF, Steen PA, Becker LB. Controversial Topics from the 2005 International Consensus Conference on cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care science with treatment recommendations. Resuscitation. 2005;67(2–3):175–179
  • . Bernard SA, Gray TW, Buist MD,. Treatment of comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with induced hypothermia. N Engl J Med. 2002;346(8):557–563
  • . Tisherman SA. Hypothermia and injury. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2004;10(6):512–519
  • . Yenari MA, Wijman CA, Steinberg GK. Effects of hypothermia on cerebral metabolism, blood flow, and autoregulation. In: Mayer SA, Sessler DI, eds. Therapeutic Hypothermia. New York, NY: Marcel Dekker; 2005:141–178
  • . Marion DW, Obrist WD, Carlier PM, Penrod LE, Darby JM. The use of moderate therapeutic hypothermia for patients with severe head injuries: a preliminary report. J Neurosurg. 1993;79(3):354–362
  • . Zeiner A, Sunder-Plassmann G, Sterz F,. The effect of mild therapeutic hypothermia on renal function after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in men. Resuscitation. 2004;60(3):253–261
  • . Koht A, Cane R, Cerullo LJ. Serum potassium levels during prolonged hypothermia. Intensive Care Med. 1983;9(5):275–277
  • . Aibiki M, Kawaguchi S, Maekawa N. Reversible hypophosphatemia during moderate hypothermia therapy for brain-injured patients. Crit Care Med. 2001;29(9):1726–1730
  • . Curry DL, Curry KP. Hypothermia and insulin secretion. Endocrinology. 1970;87(4):750–755
  • . Lehot JJ, Piriz H, Villard J, Cohen R, Guidollet J. Glucose homeostasis. Comparison between hypothermic and normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. Chest. 1992;102(1):106–111
  • . van den Berghe G, Wouters P, Weekers F,. Intensive insulin therapy in the critically ill patients. N Engl J Med. 2001;345(19):1359–1367
  • . Varon J, Acosta P. Coagulopathy during therapeutic hypothermia: Where are the data? Resuscitation. 2009;80(7):726–727
  • . Zeiner A, Holzer M, Sterz F,. Mild resuscitative hypothermia to improve neurological outcome after cardiac arrest. A clinical feasibility trial. Hypothermia after Cardiac Arrest (HACA) Study Group. Stroke. 2000;31(1):86–94
  • . Skulec R, Kovarnik T, Dostalova G, Kolar J, Linhart A. Induction of mild hypothermia in cardiac arrest survivors presenting with cardiogenic shock syndrome. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2008;52(2):188–194
  • . Nielsen N, Hovdenes J, Nilsson F,; Hypothermia Network.Outcome, timing and adverse events in therapeutic hypothermia after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2009;53(7):926–934
  • . Friberg H, Nielsen N. Hypothermia after cardiac arrest: lessons learned from national registries. J Neurotrauma. 2009;26(3):365–369
  • . Gumina RJ. New trials and therapies for acute myocardial infarction. Med Clin North Am. 2007;91(4):729–749
  • . Hovdenes J, Laake JH, Aaberge L, Haugaa H, Bugge JF. Therapeutic hypothermia after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: experiences with patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention and cardiogenic shock. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2007;51(2):137–142
  • . Schwab S, Schwarz S, Spranger M, Keller E, Bertram M, Hacke W. Moderate hypothermia in the treatment of patients with severe middle cerebral artery infarction. Stroke. 1998;29(12):2461–2466
  • . Clifton GL, Miller ER, Choi SC,. Lack of effect of induction of hypothermia after acute brain injury. N Engl J Med. 2001;344(8):556–563
  • . Jiang J, Yu M, Zhu C. Effect of long-term mild hypothermia therapy in patients with severe traumatic brain injury: 1-year follow-up review of 87 cases. J Neurosurg. 2000;93(4):546–549
  • . Shiozaki T, Sugimoto H, Taneda M,. Effect of mild hypothermia on uncontrollable intracranial hypertension after severe head injury. J Neurosurg. 1993;79(3):363–368
  • . Shiozaki T, Kato A, Taneda M,. Little benefit from mild hypothermia therapy for severely head injured patients with low intracranial pressure. J Neurosurg. 1999;91(2):185–191
  • . Agnew DM, Koehler RC, Guerguerian AM,. Hypothermia for 24 hours after asphyxic cardiac arrest in piglets provides striatal neuroprotection that is sustained 10 days after rewarming. Pediatr Res. 2003;54(2):253–262
  • . Nelson KB, Ellenberg JH. Apgar scores as predictors of chronic neurologic disability. Pediatrics. 1981;68(1):36–44
  • . Chakkarapani E, Harding D, Stoddart P, Garrett-Cox R, Thoresen M. Therapeutic hypothermia: surgical infant with neonatal encephalopathy. Acta Paediatr. 2009;98(11):1844–1846
  • . Azzopardi DV, Strohm B, Edwards AD,; TOBY Study Group.Moderate hypothermia to treat perinatal asphyxial encephalopathy. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(14):1349–1358
  • . Modell JH, Idris AH, Pineda JA, Silverstein JH. Survival after prolonged submersion in freshwater in Florida. Chest. 2004;125(5):1948–1951
  • . Varon J, Marik PE. Complete neurological recovery following delayed initiation of hypothermia in a victim of warm water near-drowning. Resuscitation. 2006;68(3):421–423
  • . Rose C, Michalak A, Pannunzio M, Chatauret N, Rambaldi A, Butterworth RF. Mild hypothermia delays the onset of coma and prevents brain edema and extracellular brain glutamate accumulation in rats with acute liver failure. Hepatology. 2000;31(4):872–877
  • . Córdoba J, Crespin J, Gottstein J, Blei AT. Mild hypothermia modifies ammonia-induced brain edema in rats after portacaval anastomosis. Gastroenterology. 1999;116(3):686–693
  • . Yu CG, Jimenez O, Marcillo AE,. Beneficial effects of modest systemic hypothermia on locomotor function and histopathological damage following contusion-induced spinal cord injury in rats. J Neurosurg. 2000;93( 1 suppl):85–93
  • . Shibuya S, Miyamoto O, Janjua NA, Itano T, Mori S, Norimatsu H. Post-traumatic moderate systemic hypothermia reduces TUNEL positive cells following spinal cord injury in rat. Spinal Cord. 2004;42(1):29–34
  • . Schwarz A. Much Hype in Player's Treatment, Doctors Say. The New York Times. January 15, 2008
  • . Villar J, Slutsky AS. Effects of induced hypothermia in patients with septic adult respiratory distress syndrome. Resuscitation. 1993;26(2):183–192
  • . Diringer MN. Treatment of fever in the neurologic intensive care unit with a catheter-based heat exchange system. Crit Care Med. 2004;32(2):559–564
  • . Sterz F, Holzer M, Roine R,. Hypothermia after cardiac arrest: a treatment that works. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2003;9(3):205–210
  • . Ryan M, Beattie TF, Husselbee K, Freeman J. Use of the infant transwarmer mattress as an external warming modality in resuscitation from hypothermia. Emerg Med J. 2003;20(5):487–488
  • . Bell DD, Brindley PG, Forrest D, Al Muslim O, Zygun D. Management following resuscitation from cardiac arrest: recommendations from the 2003 Rocky Mountain Critical Care Conference. Can J Anaesth. 2005;52(3):309–322
  • . Mayer SA, Kowalski RG, Presciutti M,. Clinical trial of a novel surface cooling system for fever control in neurocritical care patients. Crit Care Med. 2004;32(12):2508–2515
  • . Haugk M, Sterz F, Grassberger M,. Feasibility and efficacy of a new non-invasive surface cooling device in post-resuscitation intensive care medicine. Resuscitation. 2007;75(1):76–81
  • . Varon J. Therapeutic hypothermia in cardiac arrest: 206 years later! Resuscitation. 2009;80(12):1335
  • . Harris BA, Andrews PJ. Direct Brain Cooling. In: Mayer SA, Sessler DI, eds. Therapeutic Hypothermia. New York, NY: Marcel Dekker; 2005:323–386
  • . Konstas AA, Neimark MA, Laine AF, Pile-Spellman J. A theoretical model of selective cooling using intracarotid cold saline infusion in the human brain. J Appl Physiol. 2007;102(4):1329–1340
  • . Safar PJ, Kochanek PM. Therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med. 2002;346(8):612–613
  • . Al-Senani FM, Graffagnino C, Grotta JC,. A prospective, multicenter pilot study to evaluate the feasibility and safety of using the CoolGard System and Icy catheter following cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. 2004;62(2):143–150
  • . Sunde K, Søreide E, Jacobsen D, Steen PA. [Therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest saves more lives!] Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2004;124(7):925–926
  • . Kovesdi E, Czeiter E, Tamas A,. Rescuing neurons and glia: is inhibition of apoptosis useful? Prog Brain Res. 2007;161:81–95
  • . Pichon N, Amiel JB, François B, Dugard A, Etchecopar C, Vignon P. Efficacy of and tolerance to mild induced hypothermia after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest using an endovascular cooling system. Crit Care. 2007;11(3):R71
  • . Virkkunen I, Yli-Hankala A, Silfvast T. Induction of therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest in prehospital patients using ice-cold Ringer's solution: a pilot study. Resuscitation. 2004;62(3):299–302
  • . Kliegel A, Losert H, Sterz F,. Cold simple intravenous infusions preceding special endovascular cooling for faster induction of mild hypothermia after cardiac arrest—a feasibility study. Resuscitation. 2005;64(3):347–351
  • . Bernard S, Buist M, Monteiro O, Smith K. Induced hypothermia using large volume, ice-cold intravenous fluid in comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a preliminary report. Resuscitation. 2003;56(1):9–13
  • . Zviman MM, Roguin A, Jacobs A, Rent K, Lardo A, Halperin HR. A new method for inducing hypothermia during cardiac arrest. Crit Care Med. 2004;32( 9 suppl):S369–S373
  • . Silfvast T, Tiainen M, Poutiainen E, Roine RO. Therapeutic hypothermia after prolonged cardiac arrest due to non-coronary causes. Resuscitation. 2003;57(1):109–112
  • . Safar P. Resuscitation of the ischemic brain. In: Albin MS, ed. Textbook of Neuroanesthesia with Neurosurgical and Neuroscience Perspectives. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, Health Professions Division; 1997:557–593
  • . Yang SS, Jeng MJ, McShane R, Chen CY, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH. Cold perfluorochemical-induced hypothermia protects lung integrity in normal rabbits. Biol Neonate. 2005;87(1):60–65
  • . Mori K, Itoh Y, Saito J,. Post-resuscitative hypothermic bypass reduces ischemic brain injury in swine. Acad Emerg Med. 2001;8(10):937–945
  • . Wen YS, Huang MS, Lin MT, Lee CH. Rapid brain cooling by hypothermic retrograde jugular vein flush. J Trauma. 2005;58(3):577–581
  • . Covaciu L, Allers M, Enblad P, Lunderquist A, Wieloch T, Rubertsson S. Intranasal selective brain cooling in pigs. Resuscitation. 2008;76(1):83–88
  • . Zweifler RM, Voorhees ME, Mahmood MA, Parnell M. Rectal temperature reflects tympanic temperature during mild induced hypothermia in nonintubated subjects. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2004;16(3):232–235
  • . Stone JG, Young WL, Smith CR,. Do standard monitoring sites reflect true brain temperature when profound hypothermia is rapidly induced and reversed? Anesthesiology. 1995;82(2):344–351
  • . Crowder CM, Tempelhoff R, Theard MA, Cheng MA, Todorov A, Dacey RG Jr. Jugular bulb temperature: comparison with brain surface and core temperatures in neurosurgical patients during mild hypothermia. J Neurosurg. 1996;85(1):98–103
  • . McIlvoy L. Comparison of brain temperature to core temperature: a review of the literature. J Neurosci Nurs. 2004;36(1):23–31
  • . Cabanac M, Germain M, Brinnel H. Tympanic temperatures during hemiface cooling. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1987;56(5):534–539
  • . Bloch JH, Manax WG, Eyal Z, Lillehei RC. Heart preservation in vitro with hyperbaric oxygenation and hypothermia. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1964;48:969–983
  • . Bloch M. Cerebral effects of rewarming following prolonged hypothermia: significance for the management of severe cranio-cerebral injury and acute pyrexia. Brain. 1967;90(4):769–784
  • . Haque IU, Latour MC, Zaritsky AL. Pediatric critical care community survey of knowledge and attitudes toward therapeutic hypothermia in comatose children after cardiac arrest. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2006;7(1):7–14
  • . Smith LW, Fay T. Observation on human beings with cancer, maintained at reduced temperatures of 75–90 Fahrenheit. Am J Clin Pathol. 1940;10:1–11
  • . Smith TL, Bleck TP. Hypothermia and neurologic outcome in patients following cardiac arrest: should we be hot to cool off our patients? Crit Care. 2002;6(5):377–380
  • . Rincon F, Mayer SA. Therapeutic hypothermia for brain injury after cardiac arrest. Semin Neurol. 2006;26(4):387–395
  • . Akça O. Complications of hypothermia. In: Mayer SA, Sessler DI, eds. Therapeutic Hypothermia. New York, NY: Marcel Dekker; 2005:179–210

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.