Review of the AMADEO Study: Reducing Proteinuria in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy with Telmisartan versus Losartan

References

• . Mancia G, De Backer G, Dominiczak A, ; Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension; European Society of Cardiology. 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension: The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). J Hypertens. 2007;25(6):1105–1187
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Bakris G, Burgess E, Weir M, Davidai G, Koval S; AMADEO Study Investiagtors. Telmisartan is more effective than losartan in reducing proteinuria in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Kidney Int. 2008;74(3):364–369
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes—2010. Diabetes Care. 2010;33( suppl 1):S11–S61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Garg JP, Bakris GL. Microalbuminuria: marker of vascular dysfunction, risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Vasc Med. 2002;7(1):35–43
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Klausen K, Borch-Johnsen K, Feldt-Rasmussen B, . Very low levels of microalbuminuria are associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease and death independently of renal function, hypertension, and diabetes. Circulation. 2004;110(1):32–35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . American Diabetes Association. Diabetes statistics. http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/diabetes-statistics/. Accessed February 19, 2010
   Google Scholar
• . Gall MA, Hougaard P, Borch-Johnsen K, Parving HH. Risk factors for development of incipient and overt diabetic nephropathy in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus: prospective, observational study. BMJ. 1997;314(7083):783–788
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Ravid M, Lang R, Rachmani R, Lishner M. Long-term renoprotective effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in non–insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. A 7-year follow-up study. Arch Intern Med. 1996;156(3):286–289
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . Effect of intensive therapy on the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) Research Group. Kidney Int. 1995;47(6):1703–1720
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Satchell SC, Tooke JE. What is the mechanism of microalbuminuria in diabetes: a role for the glomerular endothelium? Diabetologia. 2008;51(5):714–725
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Levey AS, Coresh J, Balk E, ; National Kidney Foundation. National Kidney Foundation practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification. Ann Intern Med. 2003;139(2):137–147
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Eknoyan G, Hostetter T, Bakris GL, . Proteinuria and other markers of chronic kidney disease: a position statement of the national kidney foundation (NKF) and the national institute of diabetes and digestive and kidney diseases (NIDDK). Am J Kidney Dis. 2003;42(4):617–622
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Scheid DC, McCarthy LH, Lawler FH, Hamm RM, Reilly KE. Screening for microalbuminuria to prevent nephropathy in patients with diabetes: a systematic review of the evidence. J Fam Pract. 2001;50(8):661–668
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Bilous R, Chaturvedi N, Sjølie AK, . Effect of candesartan on microalbuminuria and albumin excretion rate in diabetes: three randomized trials. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151(1):11–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Parving HH, Lehnert H, Bröchner-Mortensen J, Gomis R, Andersen S, Arner P; Irbesartan in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Microalbuminuria Study Group. The effect of irbesartan on the development of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2001;345(12):870–878
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Rossing K, Schjoedt KJ, Jensen BR, Boomsma F, Parving HH. Enhanced renoprotective effects of ultrahigh doses of irbesartan in patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria. Kidney Int. 2005;68(3):1190–1198
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Lewis EJ, Hunsicker LG, Clarke WR, ; Collaborative Study Group. Renoprotective effect of the angiotensin-receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2001;345(12):851–860
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Viberti G, Wheeldon NM; MicroAlbuminuria Reduction With VALsartan (MARVAL) Study Investigators. Microalbuminuria reduction with valsartan in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a blood pressure-independent effect. Circulation. 2002;106(6):672–678
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Eijkelkamp WB, Zhang Z, Remuzzi G, . Albuminuria is a target for renoprotective therapy independent from blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy: post hoc analysis from the Reduction of Endpoints in NIDDM with the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan (RENAAL) trial. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007;18(5):1540–1546
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . de Zeeuw D, Remuzzi G, Parving HH, . Proteinuria, a target for renoprotection in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy: lessons from RENAAL. Kidney Int. 2004;65(6):2309–2320
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Rossing K, Jacobsen P, Pietraszek L, Parving HH. Renoprotective effects of adding angiotensin II receptor blocker to maximal recommended doses of ACE inhibitor in diabetic nephropathy: a randomized double-blind crossover trial. Diabetes Care. 2003;26(8):2268–2274
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Mogensen CE, Neldam S, Tikkanen I, . Randomised controlled trial of dual blockade of renin-angiotensin system in patients with hypertension, microalbuminuria, and non-insulin dependent diabetes: the candesartan and lisinopril microalbuminuria (CALM) study. BMJ. 2000;321(7274):1440–1444
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . ; ONTARGET InvestigatorsYusuf S, Teo KK, Pogue J, . Telmisartan, ramipril, or both in patients at high risk for vascular events. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(15):1547–1559
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar