64
Views
19
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Clinical Focus: Diabetes

Exenatide is Non-inferior to Insulin in Reducing HbA1c: An Integrated Analysis of 1423 Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

, MD, , MS, , PhD, , MD, , MD, PhD & , MD
Pages 118-128 | Published online: 13 Mar 2015

References

  • . Rodbard HW, Jellinger PS, Davidson JA, . Statement by an American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/American College of Endocrinology consensus panel on type 2 diabetes mellitus: an algorithm for glycemic control. Endocr Pract. 2009;15(6):542–559
  • . Defronzo R. From the triumvirate to the ominous octet: a new paradigm for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes. 2009;58(4):773–795
  • . Maggio CA, Pi-Sunyer FX. The prevention and treatment of obesity. Application to type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1997;20(11):1744–1766
  • . Mitri J, Hamdy O. Diabetes medications and body weight. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2009;8(5):573–584
  • . Cheung BM, Ong KL, Cherny SS, Sham PC, Tso AW, Lam KS. Diabetes prevalence and therapeutic target achievement in the United States, 1999 to 2006. Am J Med. 2009;122(5):443–453
  • . Nathan DM, Buse JB, Davidson MB, Holman RR, Sherwin R, Zinman B. Medical management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes: a consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(1):193–203
  • . Byetta [package insert]. San Diego, CA: Amylin Pharmaceuticals; 2009. http://www.byettahcp.com/index.jsp. Updated 2009. Accessed November 5, 2009
  • . DeFronzo RA, Ratner RE, Han J, Kim DD, Fineman MS, Baron AD. Effects of exenatide (exendin-4) on glycemic control and weight over 30 weeks in metformin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2005;28(5):1092–1100
  • . Kendall DM, Riddle MC, Rosenstock J, . Effects of exenatide (exendin-4) on glycemic control over 30 weeks in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin and a sulfonylurea. Diabetes Care. 2005;28(5):1083–1091
  • . Buse JB, Henry RR, Han J, Kim DD, Fineman MS, Baron AD. Effects of exenatide (exendin-4) on glycemic control over 30 weeks in sulfonylurea-treated patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004;27(11):2628–2635
  • . Heine RJ, Van Gaal LF, Johns D, Mihm MJ, Widel MH, Brodows RG. Exenatide versus insulin glargine in patients with suboptimally controlled type 2 diabetes: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2005;143(8):559–569
  • . Janka HU, Plewe G, Riddle MC, Kliebe-Frisch C, Schweitzer MA, Yki-Järvinen H. Comparison of basal insulin added to oral agents versus twice-daily premixed insulin as initial insulin therapy for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2005;28(2):254–259
  • . Riddle MC, Rosenstock J, Gerich J; Insulin Glargine 4002 Study Investigators.The treat-to-target trial: randomized addition of glargine or human NPH insulin to oral therapy of type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care. 2003;26(11):3080–3086
  • . Davis SN, Johns D, Maggs D, Xu H, Northrup JH, Brodows RG. Exploring the substitution of exenatide for insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with insulin in combination with oral antidiabetes agents. Diabetes Care. 2007;30(11):2767–2772
  • . Bunck M, Diamant M, Cornér A, . One-year treatment with exenatide improves β-cell function, compared with insulin glargine, in metformin-treated type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized, controlled trial. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(5):762–768
  • . Nauck MA, Duran S, Kim D, . A comparison of twice-daily exenatide and biphasic insulin aspart in patients with type 2 diabetes who were suboptimally controlled with sulfonylurea and metformin: a non-inferiority study. Diabetologia. 2007;50(2):259–267
  • . Barnett AH, Burger J, Johns D, . Tolerability and efficacy of exenatide and titrated insulin glargine in adult patients with type 2 diabetes previously uncontrolled with metformin or a sulfonylurea: A multinational, randomized, open-label, two-period, crossover noninferiority trial. Clin Ther. 2007;29(11):2333–2348
  • . Davies MJ, Donnelly R, Barnett AH, Jones S, Nicolay C, Kilcoyne A. Exenatide compared with long acting insulin to achieve glycemic control with minimal weight gain in patients with type 2 diabetes. Results of helping evaluate exenatide in patients with diabetes compared to long-acting insulin (HEELA) study. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2009;11(12):1153–1162
  • . Holman RR, Thorne KI, Farmer AJ, ; 4-T Study Group. Addition of biphasic, prandial or basal insulin to oral therapy in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2007; 357(17):1716–1730
  • Davies M, Lavalle-González F, Storms F, Gomis R; ATLANTUS Study Group.Initiation of insulin glargine therapy in type 2 diabetes subjects suboptimally controlled on oral antidiabetic agents: results from the AT. LANTUS Study Group. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2008;10(5):387–399
  • . Field A, Coakley EH, Must A, . Impact of overweight on the risk of developing common chronic diseases during a 10-year period. Arch Intern Med. 2001;161(13):1581–1586
  • . Eeg-Olofsson K, Cederholm J, Nilsson PM, Zethelius B, Nunez L, Gudbjörnsdóttir EB. Risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes: an observational study in 13,087 patients. Diabetologia. 2009;52(1):65–73
  • . Buse JB, Ginsberg HN, Bakris GL, ; American Heart Association; American Diabetes Association. Primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases in people with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2007;30(1):162–172
  • . Efficacy of atenolol and captopril in reducing risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 39. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. BMJ. 1998;317(7160):713–720
  • . UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 38. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. BMJ. 1998;317:703–713
  • . Lewington S, Clarke R, Qizilbash N, Peto R, Collins R; Prospective Studies Collaboration.Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies. Lancet. 2002;360(9349):1903–1913
  • . Klonoff DC, Buse JB, Nielsen LL, . Exenatide effects on diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular risk factors and hepatic biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes treated for at least 3 years. Curr Med Res Opin. 2008;24(1):275–286
  • . Okerson T, Yan P, Stonehouse A, Brodows R. Effects of exenatide on systolic blood pressure in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Am J Hypertens. 2010;23(3):334–339
  • . Ratner RE, Maggs D, Nielsen LL, . Long-term effects of exenatide therapy over 82 weeks on glycaemic control and weight in over-weight metformin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2006;8(4):419–428
  • . Effect of intensive blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34). UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Lancet. 1998;352(9131):854–865
  • . , ADVANCE Collaborative GroupPatel A, MacMahon S, Chalmers J, . Intensive blood glucose control and vascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(24):2560–2572
  • . Duckworth W, Abraira C, Moritz T, . Glucose control and vascular complications in veterans with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(2):129–139
  • . ; NICE-SUGAR Study InvestigatorsFinfer S, Chittock DR, Su SY, . Intensive versus conventional glucose control in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(13):1283–1297
  • . Fabunmi R, Nielsen LL, Quimbo R, . Patient characteristics, drug adherence patterns, and hypoglycemia costs for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus newly initiated on exenatide or insulin glargine. Curr Med Res Opin. 2009;25:777–786
  • . Brandle M, Erny-Albrecht K, Goodall G, Spinas G, Streit P, Valentine W. Exenatide versus insulin glargine: a cost-effectiveness evaluation in patients with type 2 diabetes in Switzerland. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2009;47(8):501–515
  • . Woehl A, Evans M, Tetlow A, McEwan P. Evaluation of the cost effectiveness of exenatide versus insulin glargine inpatients with sub-optimally controlled type 2 diabetes in the United Kingdom. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2008;7:24
  • . Mittendorf T, Smith-Palmer J, Timltn L, Happich M, Goodall G. Evaluation of exenatide vs. insulin glargine in type 2 diabetes: cost-effectiveness analysis in the German setting. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2009;11(11):1068–1079
  • . Home PD. Comment on: Nauck MA, Duran S, Kim D, et al. (2007) A comparison of twice-daily exenatide and biphasic insulin aspart in patients with type 2 diabetes who were suboptimally controlled with sulfonylurea and metformin: a non-inferiority study. Diabetalogia. 2007;50(7):1561–1562
  • . American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes − 2009. Diabetes Care. 2009;32( suppl 1):S13–S61

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.