444
Views
31
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Clinical Features

Low Sexual Desire — Is it All in Her Head? Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder

, MD, CCD, NCMP, FACOG
Pages 128-136 | Published online: 13 Mar 2015

References

  • . Rosen RC, Barsky JL. Normal sexual response in women. Obstet GynecolClin North Am. 2006;33(4):515–526
  • . Masters WH, Johnson VE. Human Sexual Response. Boston, MA: Little Brown; 1966
  • . Kaplan HS. Disorders of Sexual Desire and Other New Concepts and Techniques in Sex Therapy. New York, NY: Brunner/Hazel Publications; 1979
  • . American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing Inc; 2000
  • . Basson R. Women's sexual dysfunction: revised and expanded definitions. CMAJ. 2005;172(10):1327–1333
  • . Basson R. Female sexual response: the role of drugs in the management of sexual dysfunction. Obstet Gynecol. 2001;98(2):350–353
  • . Sand M, Fisher WA. Women's endorsement of models of female sexual response: the nurses' sexuality study. J Sex Med. 2007;4(3):708–719
  • . Giles KR, McCabe MP. Conceptualizing women's sexual function: linear vs. circular models of sexual response. J Sex Med. 2009;6(10):2761–2771
  • . Clayton AH. Epidemiology and neurobiology of female sexual dysfunction. J Sex Med. 2007;4( suppl 4):260–268
  • . Park K, Kang HK, Seo JJ, Kim HJ, Ryu SB, Jeong GW. Blood-oxygenation-level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging for evaluating cerebral regions of female sexual arousal response. Urology. 2001;57(6):1189–1194
  • . Walter M, Bermpohl F, Mouras H, . Distinguishing specific sexual and general emotional effects in fMRI-subcortical and cortical arousal during erotic picture viewing. Neuroimage. 2008;40(4):1482–1494
  • . Hamann S, Herman RA, Nolan CL, Wallen K. Men and women differ in amygdala response to visual sexual stimuli. Nat Neurosci. 2004;7(4):411–416
  • . Karama S, Lecours AR, Leroux JM, . Areas of brain activation in males and females during viewing of erotic film excerpts. Hum Brain Mapp. 2002;16(1):1–13
  • . Arnow BA, Millheiser L, Garrett A, . Women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder compared to normal females: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Neuroscience. 2009;158(2):484–502
  • . Holstege G, Willemsen A, Beers C, . Differences in brain activity in premenopausal women with Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD) compared to women without sexual dysfunction. Presented at: International Society for the Study of Women's Sexual Health (ISSWSH); St. Petersburg, FL; February 19–21, 2010
  • . Clayton AH. Sexual function and dysfunction in women. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2003;26(3):673–682
  • . Kingsberg SA. Identifying HSDD in the family medicine setting. J Fam Pract. 2009;58( 7 suppl hypoactive):S22–S25
  • . Harsh V, McGarvey EL, Clayton AH. Physician attitudes regarding hypoactive sexual desire disorder in a primary care clinic: a pilot study. J Sex Med. 2008;5(3):640–645
  • . Balon R. The DSM criteria of sexual dysfunction: need for a change. J Sex Marital Ther. 2008;34(3):186–197
  • . Basson R, Leiblum S, Brotto L, . Revised definitions of women's sexual dysfunction. J Sex Med. 2004;1(1):40–48
  • . Brotto LA. The DSM diagnostic criteria for hypoactive sexual desire disorder in women. Arch Sex Behav. 2010;39(2):221–239
  • . Goldstein I, Lines C, Pyke R, Scheld JS. National differences in patientclinician communication regarding hypoactive sexual desire disorder. J Sex Med. 2009;6(5):1349–1357
  • . Leiblum SR, Koochaki PE, Rodenberg CA, Barton IP, Rosen RC. Hypoactive sexual desire disorder in postmenopausal women: US results from the Women's International Study of Health and Sexuality (WISHeS). Menopause. 2006;13(1):46–56
  • . Shifren JL, Monz BU, Russo PA, Segreti A, Johannes CB. Sexual problems and distress in United States women: prevalence and correlates. Obstet Gynecol. 2008;112(5):970–978
  • . Derogatis L, Clayton A, Lewis-D'Agostino D, Wunderlich G, Fu Y. Validation of the female sexual distress scale-revised for assessing distress in women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder. J Sex Med. 2008;5(2):357–364
  • . Leiblum S, Symonds T, Moore J, Soni P, Steinberg S, Sisson M. A methodology study to develop and validate a screener for hypoactive sexual desire disorder in postmenopausal women. J Sex Med. 2006;3(3):455–464
  • . Dennerstein L, Koochaki P, Barton I, Graziottin A. Hypoactive sexual desire disorder in menopausal women: a survey of Western European women. J Sex Med. 2006;3(2):212–222
  • . West SL, D'Aloisio AA, Agans RP, Kalsbeek WD, Borisov NN, Thorp JM. Prevalence of low sexual desire and hypoactive sexual desire disorder in a nationally representative sample of US women. Arch Intern Med. 2008;168(13):1441–1449
  • . Hayes RD, Dennerstein L, Bennett CM, Koochaki PE, Leiblum SR, Graziottin A. Relationship between hypoactive sexual desire disorder and aging. Fertil Steril. 2007;87(1):107–112
  • . Graziottin A, Koochaki PE, Rodenberg CA, Dennerstein L. The prevalence of hypoactive sexual desire disorder in surgically menopausal women: an epidemiological study of women in four European countries. J Sex Med. 2009;6(8):2143–2153
  • . Dennerstein L, Hayes R, Sand M, Lehert P. Attitudes toward and frequency of partner interactions among women reporting decreased sexual desire. J Sex Med. 2009;6(6):1668–1673
  • . Rosen R, Brown C, Heiman J, . The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI): a multidimensional self-report instrument for the assessment of female sexual function. J Sex Marital Ther. 2000;26(2):191–208
  • . Meston CM. Validation of the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) in women with female orgasmic disorder and in women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder. J Sex Marital Ther. 2003;29(1):39–46
  • . Derogatis L, Rust J, Golombok S, . Validation of the profile of female sexual function (PFSF) in surgically and naturally menopausal women. J Sex Marital Ther. 2004;30(1):25–36
  • . Sills T, Wunderlich G, Pyke R, . The Sexual Interest and Desire Inventory-Female (SIDI-F): item response analyses of data from women diagnosed with hypoactive sexual desire disorder. J Sex Med. 2005;2(6):801–818
  • . Clayton AH, Segraves RT, Leiblum S, . Reliability and validity of the Sexual Interest and Desire Inventory-Female (SIDI-F), a scale designed to measure severity of female hypoactive sexual desire disorder. J Sex Marital Ther. 2006;32(2):115–135
  • . DeRogatis LR, Allgood A, Rosen RC, Leiblum S, Zipfel L, Guo CY. Development and evaluation of the Women's Sexual Interest Diagnostic Interview (WSID): a structured interview to diagnose hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in standardized patients. J Sex Med. 2008;5(12):2827–2841
  • . Derogatis LR, Allgood A, Auerbach P, . Validation of a Women's Sexual Interest Diagnostic Interview-Short Form (WSID-SF) and a Daily Log of Sexual Activities (DLSA) in postmenopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder. J Sex Med. 2010;7(2 pt 2):917–927
  • . Rust J, Derogatis L, Rodenberg C, Koochaki P, Schmitt S, Golombok S. Development and validation of a new screening tool for hypoactive sexual desire disorder: The Brief Profile of Female Sexual Function (B-PFSF). Gynecol Endocrinol. 2007;23(11):638–644
  • . Clayton AH, Goldfischer ER, Goldstein I, Derogatis L, Lewis-D' Agostino DJ, Pyke R. Validation of the decreased sexual desire screener (DSDS): a brief diagnostic instrument for generalized acquired female hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD). J Sex Med. 2009;6(3):730–738
  • . Derogatis LR, Rosen R, Leiblum S, Burnett A, Heiman J. The Female Sexual Distress Scale (FSDS): initial validation of a standardized scale for assessment of sexually related personal distress in women. J Sex Marital Ther. 2002;28(4):317–330
  • . Brotto LA, Bitzer J, Laan E, Leiblum S, Luria M. Women's sexual desire and arousal disorders. J Sex Med. 7(1 pt 2):586–614
  • . Blaustein JD. Neuroendocrine regulation of feminine sexual behavior: lessons from rodent models and thoughts about humans. Annu Rev Psychol. 2008;59:93–118
  • . Bullivant SB, Sellergren SA, Stern K, . Women's sexual experience during the menstrual cycle: identification of the sexual phase by noninvasive measurement of luteinizing hormone. J Sex Res. 2004;41(1):82–93
  • . Al-Azzawi F, Bitzer J, Brandenburg U, . Therapeutic options for postmenopausal female sexual dysfunction. Climacteric. 2010;12(2):103–120
  • . Nappi RE, Polatti F. The use of estrogen therapy in women's sexual functioning (CME). J Sex Med. 2009;6(3):603–616;618–609
  • . Goldstat R, Briganti E, Tran J, Wolfe R, Davis SR. Transdermal testosterone therapy improves well-being, mood, and sexual function in premenopausal women. Menopause. 2003;10(5):390–398
  • . Krapf JM, Simon JA. The role of testosterone in the management of hypoactive sexual desire disorder in postmenopausal women. Maturitas. 2009;63(3):213–219
  • . Schwenkhagen A, Studd J. Role of testosterone in the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder. Maturitas. 2009;63(2):152–159
  • . Davis SR, Davison SL, Donath S, Bell RJ. Circulating androgen levels and self-reported sexual function in women. JAMA. 2005;294(1):91–96
  • . The role of testosterone therapy in postmenopausal women: position statement of The North American Menopause Society. Menopause. 2005;12(5):496–511
  • . Braunstein GD. Management of female sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women by testosterone administration: safety issues and controversies. J Sex Med. 2007;4(4 pt 1):859–866
  • . Shifren JL, Davis SR, Moreau M, . Testosterone patch for the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder in naturally menopausal women: results from the INTIMATE NM1 Study. Menopause. 2006;13(5):770–779
  • . Buster JE, Kingsberg SA, Aguirre O, . Testosterone patch for low sexual desire in surgically menopausal women: a randomized trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2005;105(5 pt 1):944–952
  • . Simon J, Braunstein G, Nachtigall L, . Testosterone patch increases sexual activity and desire in surgically menopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90(9):5226–5233
  • . Kingsberg S, Shifren J, Wekselman K, Rodenberg C, Koochaki P, Derogatis L. Evaluation of the clinical relevance of benefits associated with transdermal testosterone treatment in postmenopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder. J Sex Med. 2007;4(4 pt 1):1001–1008
  • . Sherwin BB, Gelfand MM, Brender W. Androgen enhances sexual motivation in females: a prospective, crossover study of sex steroid administration in the surgical menopause. Psychosom Med. 1985;47(4):339–351
  • . Davis SR, Moreau M, Kroll R, . Testosterone for low libido in postmenopausal women not taking estrogen. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(19):2005–2017
  • . Palacios S. Androgens and female sexual function. Maturitas. 2007;57(1):61–65
  • . Segraves R, Woodard T. Female hypoactive sexual desire disorder: history and current status. J Sex Med. 2006;3(3):408–418
  • . Segraves RT. Management of hypoactive sexual desire disorder. Adv Psychosom Med. 2008;29:23–32
  • . Meston CM, Frohlich PF. The neurobiology of sexual function. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000;57(11):1012–1030
  • . Serretti A, Chiesa A. Treatment-emergent sexual dysfunction related to antidepressants: a meta-analysis. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2009;29(3):259–266
  • . Invernizzi RW, Sacchetti G, Parini S, Acconcia S, Samanin R. Flibanserin, a potential antidepressant drug, lowers 5-HT and raises dopamine and noradrenaline in the rat prefrontal cortex dialysate: role of 5-HT(1A) receptors. Br J Pharmacol. 2003;139(7):1281–1288
  • . Pfaus JG. Pathways of sexual desire. J Sex Med. 2009;6(6):1506–1533
  • . Clayton AH, Pyke R, Sand M. Flibanserin: a potential treatment for Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder in premenopausal women. Women's Health. In press
  • . Clayton AH. Extended-release bupropion: an antidepressant with a broad spectrum of therapeutic activity? Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2007;8(4):457–466
  • . Diamond LE, Earle DC, Heiman JR, Rosen RC, Perelman MA, Harning R. An effect on the subjective sexual response in premenopausal women with sexual arousal disorder by bremelanotide (PT-141), a melanocortin receptor agonist. J Sex Med. 2006;3(4):628–638

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.