Initial Combination Therapy with Metformin plus Colesevelam in Drug-Naïve Hispanic Patients with Early Type 2 Diabetes

References

• . International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas; Central and South America. 2009. http://www.idf.org/diabetesatlas/south-and-central-america. Accessed August 18, 2011
   Google Scholar
• . Cowie CC, Rust KF, Ford ES, . Full accounting of diabetes and pre-diabetes in the U.S. population in 1988–1994 and 2005–2006. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(2):287–294
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Maskarinec G, Grandinetti A, Matsuura G, . Diabetes prevalence and body mass index differ by ethnicity: the Multiethnic Cohort. Ethn Dis. 2009;19(1):49–55
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . US Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Minority Health. Diabetes and Hispanic Americans. 2010. http://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/templates/content.aspx?lvl=3&lvlID=5&ID=3324. Accessed July 28, 2011
   Google Scholar
• . Willey JZ, Rodriguez CJ, Carlino RF, . Race-ethnic differences in the association between lipid profile components and risk of myocardial infarction: The Northern Manhattan Study. Am Heart J. 2011;161(5):886–892
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . Caballero AE. Understanding the Hispanic/Latino patient. Am J Med. 2011;124( 10 suppl):S10–S15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Rosenstock J, Fonseca VA, Garvey WT, . Initial combination therapy with metformin and colesevelam for achievement of glycemic and lipid goals in early type 2 diabetes. Endocr Pract. 2010;16(4): 629–640
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Lawrence DB, Ragucci KR, Long LB, Parris BS, Helfer LA. Relationship of oral antihyperglycemic (sulfonylurea or metformin) medication adherence and hemoglobin A1c goal attainment for HMO patients enrolled in a diabetes disease management program. J Manag Care Pharm. 2006;12(6):466–471
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . Kennedy AG, MacLean CD, Littenberg B, Ades PA, Pinckney RG. The challenge of achieving national cholesterol goals in patients with diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2005;28(5):1029–1034
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . Jones MR, Mudaliar S, Hernandez—Triana E, . Rationale and design of a clinical trial to evaluate metformin and colesevelam HCl as first-line therapy in type 2 diabetes and colesevelam HCl in prediabetes. Curr Med Res Opin. 2009;25(9):2239–2249
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Bays HE, Goldberg RB, Truitt KE, Jones MR. Colesevelam hydrochloride therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with metformin: glucose and lipid effects. Arch Intern Med. 2008;168(18):1975–1983
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . Bays HE. Colesevelam hydrochloride added to background metformin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a pooled analysis from 3 clinical studies. Endocr Pract. 2011;17(6):933–938
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes—2012. Diabetes Care. 2012;35( suppl 1):S11–S63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Handelsman Y, Mechanick JI, Blonde L, ; AACE Task Force for Developing Diabetes Comprehensive Care Plan. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists Medical Guidelines for Clinical Practice for developing a diabetes mellitus comprehensive care plan. Endocr Pract. 2011;17( suppl 2):1–53
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . Stratton IM, Adler AI, Neil HA, . Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study. BMJ. 2000;321(7258):405–412
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . ; Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' (CCT) CollaboratorsKearney PM, Blackwell PM, Collins R. Efficacy of cholesterol-lowering therapy in 18,686 people with diabetes in 14 randomised trials of statins: a meta-analysis. Lancet. 2008;371(9607):117–125
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . Nathan DM, Buse JB, Davidson MB, ; American Diabetes Association; European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Medical management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes: a consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy: a consensus statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(1):193–203
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Holman RR, Paul SK, Bethel MA, Matthews DR, Neil HA. 10-year follow-up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(15):1577–1589
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Colhoun HM, Betteridge DJ, Durrington PN, ; CARDS investigators. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with atorvastatin in type 2 diabetes in the Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study (CARDS): multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2004;364(9435):685–696
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Turner RC, Cull CA, Frighi V, Holman RR. Glycemic control with diet, sulfonylurea, metformin, or insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: progressive requirement for multiple therapies (UKPDS 49). UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. JAMA. 1999;281(21):2005–2012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Nichols GA, Alexander CM, Girman CJ, Kamal—Bahl SJ, Brown JB. Treatment escalation and rise in HbA1c following successful initial metformin therapy. Diabetes Care. 2006;29(3):504–509
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . DeFronzo RA, Goodman AM. Efficacy of metformin in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The Multicenter Metformin Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1995;333(9):541–549
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• . Rains SG, Wilson GA, Richmond W, Elkeles RS. The effect of glibenclamide and metformin on serum lipoproteins in type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med. 1988;5(7):653–658
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• . Rains SG, Wilson GA, Richmond W, Elkeles RS. The reduction of low density lipoprotein cholesterol by metformin is maintained with long-term therapy. J R Soc Med. 1989;82(2):93–94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar