1,281
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Clinical Features

Management of Common Cold Symptoms with Over-the-Counter Medications: Clearing the Confusion

, MS & , BPharm
Pages 73-81 | Published online: 13 Mar 2015

References

  • . Berardi RR, Ferreri SP, Hume AL, , eds. Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs: An Interactive Approach to Self-Care. 16th ed. Washington, DC: American Pharmacists Association; 2009
  • . Terrie Y. Stopping the symptoms of cough, cold, and flu. Pharm Times. 2012; February (online), http://www.pharmacytimes.com/publications/issue/2012/February2012/Stopping-the-Symptoms-of-Cough-Cold-and-Flu. Accessed April 12, 2012
  • . Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BMD. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2007
  • . Fendrick AM, Monto AS, Nightengale B, Sanies M. The economic burden of non-influenza-related viral respiratory tract infection in the United States. Arch Intern Med. 2003;163(4):487–494
  • . Schneider H, Roehrig RC, Coppolecchia R, . White paper on the benefits of OTC medicines in the United States: Report of the Consumer Healthcare Products Association's Clinical/Medical Committee. Pharmacy Today. 2010(October):68–79
  • . US Food and Drug Administration. FDA releases recommendations regarding use of over-the-counter cough and cold products [news release]. http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/2008/ucml16839.htm. Accessed June 6, 2012
  • . Internal Revenue Service. IRS Notice 2010–59 [revising the definition of medical expenses as related to over-the-counter drugs]. http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-drop/n-10-59.pdf Accessed January 3, 2013
  • . National Council on Patient Information and Education. Uses and attitudes about taking over-the-counter medicines: findings of a 2003 national opinion survey conducted for the National Council on Patient Information and Education, www.bemedwise.org/survey/summary_survey_findings.pdf Accessed July 12, 2012
  • . Simasek M, Blandino DA. Treatment of the common cold. Am Fam Physician. 2007;75(4):515–520
  • . Spector SL. The common cold: current therapy and natural history. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1995;95(5 pt 2):1133–1138
  • . Kelly LF. Pediatric cough and cold preparations. Pediatr Rev. 2004;25(4):115–123
  • . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Stopping the spread of germs at home, work and school, http://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/stopgerms.htm. Accessed July 12, 2012
  • . van Kempen M, Bachert C, Van Cauwenberge P. An update on the pathophysiology of rhinovirus upper respiratory tract infections. Rhinology. 1999;37(3):97–103
  • . Olenak J. Treating the common cold. Pharm Times. http://www.pharmacytimes.com/publications/issue/2007/2007-0/2007-01-6206. Accessed July 12, 2012
  • . Turner R. Common Cold. The Merk Manual. http://www.merckmanu-als.com/professional/infectious_diseases/respiratory_viruses/common_cold.html#v1018788. Updated October 2009. Accessed July 12, 2012
  • . Eccles R. Understanding the symptoms of the common cold and influenza. Lancet Infect Dis. 2005;5(11):718–725
  • . Rosenstein N, Phillips WR, Gerber MA, Marcy SM, Schwartz B, Dowell SF. The common cold—principles of judicious use of antimicrobial agents. Pediatrics. 1998;101( suppl 1):181–184
  • . Covington T, Henkin R, Miller S, Sassetti M, Wright W. Treating the common cold: an expert panel consensus recommendation for primary care physicians. Vol 5. Lisle, IL: Illinois Academy of Family Physicians; 2004:1–16. http://www.iafp.com/pdfs/common%20cold%20guideline%20final.pdf Accessed July 12, 2012
  • . Dicpinigaitis PV, Colice GL, Goolsby MJ, Rogg GI, Spector SL, Winther B. Acute cough: a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Cough. 2009;5:11
  • . American Academy of Pediatrics. Parenting corner Q&A: colds, http://www.aap.org/publiced/BKO_Colds.htm. Accessed July 12, 2012
  • . Barrett B, Brown R, Voland R, Maberry R, Turner R. Relations among questionnaire and laboratory measures of rhinovirus infection. Eur Respir J. 2006;28(2):358–363
  • . Barrett B, Brown RL, Mundt MP, . Validation of a short form Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey (WURSS-21). Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2009;7:76
  • . Paul IM, Beiler J, McMonagle A, Shaffer ML, Duda L, Berlin CM Jr. Effect of honey, dextromethorphan, and no treatment on nocturnal cough and sleep quality for coughing children and their parents. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2007;161(12):1140–1146
  • . Arroll B, Kenealy T. Antibiotics for the common cold and acute purulent rhinitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005;3:CD000247
  • . Arroll B, Kenealy T, Falloon K. Are antibiotics indicated as an initial treatment for patients with acute upper respiratory tract infections? A review. N Z Med J. 2008;121(1284):64–70
  • . US Food and Drug Administration. OTC Drug Facts Label. http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/ResourcesForYou/Consumers/ucm143551.htm. Updated May 28, 2009. Accessed July 12, 2012
  • . US Food and Drug Administration. The new over-the-counter medicine label: take a look, http://www.fda.gov/drugs/emergencypreparedness/bioterrorismanddrugpreparedness/ucm133411.htm. Updated April 27, 2012. Accessed July 12, 2012
  • . Gwaltney JM. Viral respiratory infection therapy: historical perspectives and current trials. Am J Med. 2002;112( suppl 6A):33S–41S
  • . Eccles R. Over the counter medicines for colds. In: Eccles R, Weber O, eds. Common Cold. Basel, Switzerland: Birkhauser Verlag; 2009:249–273
  • . Eccles R. Efficacy and safety of over-the-counter analgesics in the treatment of common cold and flu. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2006;31(4):309–319
  • . McBride JT. The association of acetaminophen and asthma prevalence and severity. Pediatrics. 2011;128(6):1181–1185
  • . Sperber SJ, Hendley JO, Hayden FG, Riker DK, Sorrentino TV, Gwaltney JM Jr. Effects of naproxen on experimental rhinovirus colds. Arandomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 1992;117(1):37–41
  • . Winther B, Mygind N. The therapeutic effectiveness of ibuprofen on the symptoms of naturally acquired common colds. Am J Rhinol. 2001;15(4):239–242
  • . Adcock JJ. TRPV1 receptors in sensitisation of cough and pain reflexes. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2009;22(2):65–70
  • . Maher SA, Dubuis ED, Belvisi MG. G-protein coupled receptors regulating cough. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2011;11(3):248–253
  • . Lee LY, Ni D, Hayes D Jr, Lin RL. TRPV1 as a cough sensor and its temperature-sensitive properties. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2011;24(3):280–285
  • . Gaffey MJ, Gwaltney JM Jr, Sastre A, Dressier WE, Sorrentino JV, Hayden FG. Intranasally and orally administered antihistamine treatment of experimental rhinovirus colds. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1987;136(3):556–560
  • . Thakkar MM. Histamine in the regulation of wakefulness. Sleep Med Rev. 2011;15(1):65–74
  • . Sharfstein JM, North M, Serwint JR. Over the counter but no longer under the radar—pediatric cough and cold medications. N Engl J Med. 2007;357(23):2321–2324
  • . Muether PS, Gwaltney JM Jr. Variant effect of first- and second-generation antihistamines as clues to their mechanism of action on the sneeze reflex in the common cold. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;33(9):1483–1488
  • . Chaaban M, Corey JP. Assessing nasal air flow: options and utility. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2011;8(1):70–78
  • . Naclerio RM, Bachert C, Baraniuk JN. Pathophysiology of nasal congestion. Int J Gen Med. 2010;3:47–57
  • . Eccles R, Jawad MS, Jawad SS, Angello JT, Druce HM. Efficacy and safety of single and multiple doses of pseudoephedrine in the treatment of nasal congestion associated with common cold. Am J Rhinol. 2005;19(1):25–31
  • . Sperber SJ, Sorrentino JV, Riker DK, Hayden FG. Evaluation of an alpha agonist alone and in combination with a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent in the treatment of experimental rhinovirus colds. Bull N Y Acad Med. 1989;65(1):145–160
  • . Retail sales of scheduled listed chemical products; self-certification of regulated sellers of scheduled listed chemical products. Interim final rule with request for comment. Fed Regist. 2006;71(186):56008–56027
  • . Eccles R. Substitution of phenylephrine for pseudoephedrine as a nasal decongeststant. An illogical way to control methamphetamine abuse. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2007;63(1):10–14
  • . Hengstmann JH, Goronzy J. Pharmacokinetics of 3H-phenylephrine in man. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1982;21(4):335–341
  • . Mirza S, Richardson H. Otic barotrauma from air travel. J Laryngol Otol. 2005;119(5):366–370
  • . Young SS, Blandino DA, Engle JP, Reed EL, Tietze KJ. Appropriate Use of Common OTC Analgesics and Cough and Cold Medicines. Leawood, KS: American Academy of Family Physicians; 2008. http://www.aafp.org/online/etc/medialib/aafp_org/documents/news_pubs/mono/otc.Par.0001.File.tmp/OTCmonograph.pdf Accessed July 12, 2012
  • . Mayo Clinic. Common cold, http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/common-cold/DS00056. Accessed January 3, 2013
  • . Smith SM, Schroeder K, Fahey T. Over-the-counter medications for acute cough in children and adults in ambulatory settings. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008;1:CD001831
  • . US Department of Health and Human Services; National Institutes of Health. Safety and efficacy of Mucinex and IR guaifenesin the treatment of symptoms of acute upper respiratory tract infections, http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01537081. Accessed July 12, 2012
  • . US Department of Health and Human Services; National Institutes of Health. Evaluating the effect of Mucinex® 1200 mg on mucociliary and cough clearance from the human lung, http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00902707. Accessed July 12, 2012
  • . Morice AH, Widdicombe J, Dicpinigaitis P, Groenke L. Understanding cough. Eur Respir J. 2002;19(1):6–7
  • . Takahama K, Shirasaki T. Central and peripheral mechanisms of narcotic antitussives: codeine-sensitive and-resistant coughs. Cough. 2007;3:8
  • . Canning BJ. Central regulation of the cough reflex: therapeutic implications. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2009;22(2):75–81
  • . Pavesi L, Subburaj S, Porter—Shaw K. Application and validation of a computerized cough acquisition system for objective monitoring of acute cough: a meta-analysis. Chest. 2001;120(4):1121–1128
  • . Schroeder K, Fahey T. Over-the-counter medications for acute cough in children and adults in ambulatory settings. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;4:CD001831
  • . Lee PCL, Jawad MS, Eccles R. Antitussive efficacy of dextromethorphan in cough associated with acute upper respiratory tract infection. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2000;52(9):1137–1142
  • . Wilson MD, Ferguson RW, Mazer ME, Litovitz TL. Monitoring trends in dextromethorphan abuse using the National Poison Data System: 2000–2010. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2011;49(5):409–415
  • . Romanelli F, Smith KM. Dextromethorphan abuse: clinical effects and management. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2009;49(2):e20–25; quiz e26–e27
  • . Curley FJ, Irwin RS, Pratter MR, . Cough and the common cold. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1988;138(2):305–311
  • . Irwin RS, Baumann MH, Bolser DC, . Diagnosis and management of cough executive summary: ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2006;129( 1 suppl):1S–23S
  • . Gwaltney JM Jr, Druce HM. Efficacy of brompheniramine maleate for the treatment of rhinovirus colds. Clin Infect Dis. 1997;25(5):1188–1194
  • . Organ-specific warnings; internal analgesic, antipyretic, and antirheumatic drug products for over-the-counter human use; final monograph. Final rule. Fed Regist. 2009;74(81):19385–19409
  • . James LP, Mayeux PR, Hinson JA. Acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity Drug Metab Dispos. 2003;31(12):1499–1506
  • . Watkins PB, Kaplowitz N, Slattery JT, . Aminotransferase elevations in healthy adults receiving 4 grams of acetaminophen daily: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2006;296(1):87–93
  • . US Food and Drug Administration. FDA Drug Safety Communication: Prescription Acetaminophen Products to be Limited to 325 mg Per Dosage Unit; Boxed Warning Will Highlight Potential for Severe Liver Failure [safety announcement]. http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm239821.htm. Accessed July 12, 2012
  • . McNeil Consumer Healthcare. New Initiatives to Help Encourage Appropriate Use of Acetaminophen; New Dosing Instructions. http://www.tylenol.com/page2.jhtml?id=tylenol/news/newdosing.inc Accessed July 12, 2012
  • . Bolser DC. Cough suppressant and pharmacologic protussive therapy: ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2006;129( 1 suppl):238S–249S
  • . Eccles R, Jawad M, Jawad S, . Efficacy of aparacetamol-pseudoephedrine combination for treatment of nasal congestion and pain-related symptoms in upper respiratory tract infection. Curr Med Res Opin. 2006;22(12):2411–2418

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.