Effect of Group Size on Performance and Egg Quality of Laying Hens During 20 to 36 Weeks of Age

References

• AbrahamssonP. TausonR., 1997. Effects of group size on performance health and birds’ use of facilities in furnished cages for laying hens. Acta Agr. Scand. A-An. 47:254-260.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al-SaffarA.A. AttiaY.A. MahmoudM.B. ZewellH.S. BoveraF., 2013. Productive and reproductive performance and egg quality of laying hens fed diets containing different levels of date pits with enzyme supplementations. Trop. Anim. Health Pro. 45:327-334.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ApplebyM.C. MenchJ.A. HughesB.O., 2004. Poultry, behaviour and welfare. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.
   Google Scholar
• ApplebyM.C. WalkerA.W. NicolC.J. LindbergA.C. FreireR. HughesB.O. ElsonH.A., 2002. Development of furnished cages for laying hens. Brit. Poultry Sci. 43:489-500.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AOAC, 2004. Official methods of analysis. 18th ed., Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC, USA.
   Google Scholar
• AttiaY.A. Abd Al-HamidA.E. ZeweilH.S. QotaE.M. BoveraF. MonastraG. SahledomM.D., 2013a. Effect of dietary amounts of inorganic and organic zinc on productive and physiological traits of White Pekin ducks. Animal 7:895-900.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AttiaY.A. Abd El-HamidA.E. EllakanyH.F. BoveraF. Al-HarthiM.A. GhazalyS.A., 2013b. Growing and laying performance of japanese quail fed diet supplemented with different concentrations of acetic acid. Ital. J. Anim. Sci. 12:e37.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AttiaY.A. BurkeW.H. YamaniK.A., 1994. Response of broiler breeder hens to forced molting by hormonal and dietary manipulations. Poultry Sci. 73:245-258.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AttiaY.A. BurkeW.H. YamaniK.A. JensenL.S., 1995. Daily energy allotments and performance of broiler breeders. 2. Females. Poultry Sci. 74:261-270.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BarnettJ.L. CroninG.M. TausonR. DowningJ.A. JanardhaJ.W. ButlerK.L., 2009. The effects of a perch, dust bath and nest box either alone or in combination as used in furnished cages on the welfare of laying hens. Poultry Sci. 88:456-470.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BilcikB. KeelingL.J., 2000. Relationship between feather pecking and ground pecking in laying hens and the effect of group size. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 68:55-66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BurkeW.H. AttiaY.A., 1994. Molting single comb white leghorns with the use of the lupron depot formulation of leuprolide acetate. Poultry Sci. 73:1226-1232.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CooperJ.J. ApplebyM.C., 1996. Demand for nest boxes in laying hens. Behav. Process 36:171-182.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EtchesR.J. JohnM. Verrinder-GibbinsG.A.M., 1995. Behavioral, physiological, neuroendocrine and molecular responses to heat stress. In: DaghirN.J. ( ed.) Poultry production in hot climates. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, pp 31-66.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission 1999. Council directive of 19 July 1999 laying down minimum standards for the protection of laying hens, 1999/74/EC. In: Official Journal, L 203, pp 53-57.
   Google Scholar
• Fiks-van NiekerkT.G.C.M., 2001. Organic poultry farming: a small but growing concept. pp 321-323 in Proc. 6th European Symp. Poultry Welfare, Zollikofen, Switzerland.
   Google Scholar
• GuedsonV. FaureJ.M., 2004. Laying performance and egg quality in hens kept in standard or furnished cages. Anim. Res. 53:45-57.
   Google Scholar
• GuoY.Y. SongZ.G. JiaoH.C. SongQ.Q. LinH., 2012. The effect of group size and stocking density on the welfare and performance of hens housed in furnished cages during summer. Anim. Welfare 21:41-49.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HetlandH. SvihusB. ChoctM., 2004. Role of insoluble fibre on gizzard activity in layers. J. Appl. Poultry Res. 14:38-46.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huneau-SalaünA. GuinebretièreM. TaktakA. HuonnicD. MichelV., 2011. Furnished cages for laying hens: study of the effects of group size and litter provision on laying location, zootechnical performance and egg quality. Animal 5:911-917.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IannacconeF. BoveraF. RossiF. Di MeoC. PiccoloG. NizzaA., 2013. Productive performance and egg quality of laying hens raised in conventional and furnished cages. J. Nutr. Ecol. Food Res. 1:108-112.
   Google Scholar
• KaramanM. YilmazO.S. UluocakA.N., 2006. Effects of different group sizes on egg production and quality in early laying stage of laying hens. Res. J. Anim. Vet. Sci. 1:9-11.
   Google Scholar
• MalletS. GuedsonV. AhmedA.M.H., NysY., 2006. Comparison of eggshell hygiene in two housing systems: standard and furnished cages. Brit. Poultry Sci. 47:30-35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Research Council, 1994. Nutrient requirements of domestic animals. Nutrient requirements of poultry. 9th ed., National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.
   Google Scholar
• PetekM. AlpayF. GezenS.S. CibikR., 2009. Effects of housing system and age on early stage egg production and quality in commercial laying hens. Kafkas Univ. Vet. Fak. 15:57-62.
   Google Scholar
• SAS, 2000. SAS/STAT software: changes and enhancements through release 8.1. SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC, USA.
   Google Scholar
• ShimmuraT. HiraharaS. AzumaT. SuzukiT. EguchiY. UetakeK., 2010. Multi-factorial investigation of various housing systems for laying hens. Brit. Poultry Sci. 51:31-42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ShimmuraT. SuzukiT. HiraharaS. EguchiY. UetakeK. TanakaT., 2008. Pecking behavior of laying hens in single-tiered aviaries with and without outdoor area. Brit. Poultry Sci. 49:396-401.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TernesW. AckerL. ScholtyssekS., 1994. Ei und Eiproduckte. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin, Germany.
   Google Scholar
• TravelA., 2011. Effect of hen age, moult, laying environment and egg storage on egg quality. In: NysY. BainM. Van ImmerseelF. ( eds.) Improving the safety and quality of eggs and egg products. Woodhead Publishing Ltd., Cambridge, UK, pp 300-329.
   Google Scholar
• TůmováE. EbeidT., 2005. Effect of time of oviposition on egg quality characteristics in cages and in a litter housing system. Czech J. Anim. Sci. 50:129-134.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Den BrandH. ParmentierH.K. KempB., 2004. Effects of housing system (outdoor vs cages) and age of laying hens on egg characteristics. Brit. Poultry Sci. 45:745-752.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VitsA. WeitzenbürgerD. HamannH. DistlO., 2005. Production, egg quality, bone strength, claw length and keel bone deformities of laying hens housed in furnished cages with different group sizes. Poultry Sci. 84:1511-1519.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WallH., 2011. Production performance and proportion of nest eggs in layer hybrids housed in different designs of furnished cages. Poultry Sci. 90:2153-2161.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WallH. TausonR., 2002. Egg quality in furnished cages for laying hens. Effects of crack reduction measures and hybrid. Poultry Sci. 81:340-348.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZitaL. TumovaE. ŠtolcL., 2009. Effects of genotype, age and their interaction on egg quality in brown-egg laying hens. Acta Vet. Brno 78:85-91.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar