References
- Atkinson MA Eisenbarth GS Michels AW . Type 1 diabetes. Lancet383 (9911), 69–82 (2014).
- DCCT Research Group . The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. N. Engl. J. Med.329 (14), 977–986 (1993).
- Nathan DM Cleary PA Backlund JYC et al. Intensive diabetes treatment and cardiovascular disease in patients with Type 1 diabetes. N. Engl. J. Med.353 (25), 2643–2653 (2005).
- N⊘rgaard K Scaramuzza A Bratina N et al. Routine sensor-augmented pump therapy in Type 1 diabetes: The INTERPRET Study. Diabetes Technol. Ther.15 (4) (2013).
- Basu A Dube S Slama M et al. Time lag of glucose from intravascular to interstitial compartment in humans. Diabetes62 (12), 4083–4087 (2013).
- Hansen AH Duun-Henriksen AK Juhl R et al. Predicting plasma glucose from interstitial glucose observations using Bayesian methods. J. Diabetes Sci. Technol.8 (2), 321–330 (2014).
- Steil GM Rebrin K Janowski R Darwin C Saad MF . Modeling beta-cell insulin secretion–implications for closed-loop glucose homeostasis. Diabetes Technol. Ther.5 (6), 953–964 (2003).
- Cobelli C Renard E Kovatchev B . Artificial pancreas: past, present, future. Diabetes60 (11), 2672–2682 (2011).
- Duun-Henriksen AK Schmidt S R⊘ge RM et al. Model identification using stochastic differential equation grey-box models in diabetes. J. Diabetes Sci. Technol.7 (2), 431–440 (2013).
- Van Dijk PR Logtenberg SJJ Gans ROB Bilo HJG Kleefstra N . Intraperitoneal insulin infusion: treatment option for Type 1 diabetes resulting in beneficial endocrine effects beyond glycaemia. Clin. Endocrinol.81 (4), 488–497 (2014).
- Dassau E Zisser H C Palerm C A Buckingham B Jovanovic L J Doyle F . Modular artificial beta-cell system: a prototype for clinical research. J. Diabetes Sci. Technol.2 (5), 863–872 (2008).
- Kovatchev BP Renard E Cobelli C et al. Safety of outpatient closed-loop control: first randomized crossover trials of a wearable artificial pancreas. Diabetes Care37 (7), 1789–1796 (2014).
- Van Bon AC Luijf YM Koebrugge R Koops R Hoekstra JBL Devries JH . Feasibility of a portable bihormonal closed-loop system to control glucose excursions at home under free-living conditions for 48 hours. Diabetes Technol. Ther.16 (3), 131–136 (2014).
- Leelarathna L Dellweg S Mader JK et al. Day and night home closed-loop insulin delivery in adults with Type 1 diabetes: three-center randomized crossover study. Diabetes Care37 (7), 1931–1937 (2014).
- Russell SJ El-Khatib FH Sinha M et al. Outpatient glycemic control with a bionic pancreas in Type 1 diabetes. N. Engl. J. Med.371 (4), 313–325 (2014).
- Novo Nordisk . NovoLog® (insulin aspart [rDNA origin] injection). www.novo-pi.com/novolog.pdf
- Schmidt S Finan DA Duun-Henriksen AK et al. Effects of everyday life events on glucose, insulin, and glucagon dynamics in continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion-treated Type 1 diabetes: collection of clinical data for glucose modeling. Diabetes Technol. Ther.14 (3), 210–217 (2012)
- Van Bon AC Verbitskiy E von Basum G Hoekstra JBL DeVries JH . Exercise in closed-loop control: a major hurdle. J. Diabetes Sci. Technol.5 (6), 1337–1341 (2011).
- Matuleviciene V Joseph J Andelin M et al. A clinical trial of the accuracy and treatment experience of the Dexcom G4 Sensor (Dexcom G4 System) and Enlite Sensor (Guardian REAL-Time System) tested simultaneously in ambulatory patients with Type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Technol. Ther.16 (11), 1–9 (2014).
- Helton KL Ratner BD Wisniewski NA . Biomechanics of the sensor-tissue interface-effects of motion, pressure, and design on sensor performance and foreign body response-part II: examples and application. J. Diabetes Sci. Technol.5 (3), 647–656 (2011).
- Damiano ER El-Khatib FH Zheng H Nathan DM Russell SJ . A comparative effectiveness analysis of three continuous glucose monitors. Diabetes Care36 (2), 251–259 (2013).
- Damiano ER McKeon K El-Khatib FH Zheng H Nathan DM Russell SJ . A comparative effectiveness analysis of three continuous glucose monitors: the Navigator, G4 Platinum, and Enlite. J. Diabetes Sci. Technol.8 (4), 699–708 (2014).
- Patel PJ Benasi K Ferrari G et al. Randomized trial of infusion set function: steel versus teflon. Diabetes Technol. Ther.16 (1), 15–19 (2014).
- Pickup J Viberti GC Bilous RW et al. Safety of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion: metabolic deterioration and glycaemic autoregulation after deliberate cessation of infusion. Diabetologia22 (3), 175–179 (1982).
- Weinzimer SA Steil GM Swan KL Dziura J Kurtz N Tamborlane WV . Fully automated closed-loop insulin delivery versus semiautomated hybrid control in pediatric patients with Type 1 diabetes using an artificial pancreas. Diabetes Care31 (5), 934–939 (2008).
- The Doyle Group . Artificial Pancreas Clinical Database. www.thedoylegroup.org
- Schmidt S Schelde B N⊘rgaard K . Effects of advanced carbohydrate counting in patients with Type 1 diabetes: a systematic review. Diabet. Med.31 (8), 886–896 (2014).
- El-Khatib FH Russell SJ Nathan DM Sutherlin RG Damiano ER . A bihormonal closed-loop artificial pancreas for Type 1 diabetes. Sci. Transl. Med.2 (27), 27ra27 (2010).
- Castle JR Engle JM El Youssef J et al. Novel use of glucagon in a closed-loop system for prevention of hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care33 (6), 1282–1287 (2010).
- Van Bon AC Jonker LD Koebrugge R Koops R Hoekstra JBL Devries JH . Feasibility of a bihormonal closed-loop system to control postexercise and postprandial glucose excursions. J. Diabetes Sci. Technol.6 (5), 1114–1122 (2012).
- Haidar A Legault L Messier V Mitre TM Leroux C Rabasa-Lhoret R . Comparison of dual-hormone artificial pancreas, single-hormone artificial pancreas, and conventional insulin pump therapy for glycaemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes: an open-label randomised controlled crossover trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol.8587 (14), 1–10 (2014).
- Reiband HK Schmidt S Ranjan A Holst JJ Madsbad S N⊘rgaard K . Dual-hormone treatment with insulin and glucagon in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes. Metab. Res. Rev. doi: 10.1002/dmrr.2632 (2014) ( Epub ahead of print).
- Ward WK Castle JR El Youssef J . Safe glycemic management during closed-loop treatment of type 1 diabetes: the role of glucagon, use of multiple sensors, and compensation for stress hyperglycemia. J. Diabetes Sci. Technol.5 (6), 1373–1380 (2011).
- Pohl R Li M Krasner A De Souza E . Development of stable liquid glucagon formulations for use in artificial pancreas. J. Diabetes Sci. Technol.9 (1), 8–16 (2015).
- Newswanger B Ammons S Phadnis N et al. Development of a highly stable, nonaqueous glucagon formulation for delivery via infusion pump systems. J. Diabetes Sci. Technol.9 (1), 24–33 (2015).
- Weinzimer S a Sherr JL Cengiz E et al. Effect of pramlintide on prandial glycemic excursions during closed-loop control in adolescents and young adults with Type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care35 (10), 1994–1999 (2012).
- Renukuntla VS Ramchandani N Trast J Cantwell M Heptulla RA . Role of glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue versus amylin as an adjuvant therapy in Type 1 diabetes in a closed loop setting with ePID algorithm. J. Diabetes Sci. Technol. (2014).
- Garg SK Michels AW Shah VN . Use of non-insulin therapies for Type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Technol. Ther.15 (11), 901–908 (2013).
- Breton MD Brown SA Karvetski CH et al. Adding heart rate signal to a control-to-range artificial pancreas system improves the protection against hypoglycemia during exercise in Type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Technol. Ther.16 (8), 506–511 (2014).
- Kovatchev BP Breton M Dalla Man C Cobelli C . In silico preclinical trials: a proof of concept in closed-loop control of Type 1 diabetes. J. Diabetes Sci. Technol.3 (1), 44–55 (2009).
- Man CD Micheletto F Lv D Breton M Kovatchev B Cobelli C . The UVA/PADOVA Type 1 diabetes simulator: new features. J. Diabetes Sci. Technol.8 (1), 26–34 (2014).
- Man CD Rizza R Cobelli C . Meal simulation model of the glucose-insulin system. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng.54 (10), 1740–1749 (2007).
- Schiavon M Dalla Man C Kudva YC Basu A Cobelli C . In silico optimization of basal insulin infusion rate during exercise: implication for artificial pancreas. J. Diabetes Sci. Technol.7 (6), 1461–1469 (2013).
- Patek S Bequette BW Breton M et al. In silico preclinical trials: methodology and engineering guide to closed-loop control in Type 1 diabetes mellitus. J. Diabetes Sci. Technol.3 (2), 269–282 (2009).
- Steil GM Rebrin K Darwin C Hariri F Saad MF . Feasibility of automating insulin delivery for the treatment of Type 1 diabetes. Diabetes55 (12), 3344–3350 (2006).
- Hovorka R Kumareswaran K Harris J et al. Overnight closed loop insulin delivery (artificial pancreas) in adults with Type 1 diabetes: crossover randomised controlled studies. BMJ342, d1855 (2011).
- Breton M Farret A Bruttomesso D et al. Fully integrated artificial pancreas in Type 1 diabetes: modular closed-loop glucose control maintains near normoglycemia. Diabetes61 (9), 2230–2237 (2012).
- Kovatchev B Cobelli C Renard E et al. Multinational study of subcutaneous model-predictive closed-loop control in Type 1 diabetes mellitus: summary of the results. J. Diabetes Sci. Technol.4 (6), 1374–1381 (2010).
- El Youssef J Castle JR Branigan DL et al. A controlled study of the effectiveness of an adaptive closed-loop algorithm to minimize corticosteroid-induced stress hyperglycemia in Type 1 diabetes. J. Diabetes Sci. Technol.5 (6), 1312–1326 (2011).
- Schmidt S Boiroux D Duun-Henriksen AK et al. Model-based closed-loop glucose control in Type 1 diabetes: the DiaCon experience. J. Diabetes Sci. Technol.7 (5), 1255–1264 (2013).
- Haidar A Legault L Dallaire M et al. Glucose-responsive insulin and glucagon delivery (dual-hormone artificial pancreas) in adults with Type 1 diabetes: a randomized crossover controlled trial. CMAJ185 (4), 297–305 (2013).
- Russell SJ El-Khatib FH Nathan DM Magyar KL Jiang J Damiano ER . Blood glucose control in Type 1 diabetes with a bihormonal bionic endocrine pancreas. Diabetes Care35 (11), 2148–2155 (2012).
- Mauseth R Hirsch IB Bollyky J et al. Use of a “fuzzy logic” controller in a closed-loop artificial pancreas. Diabetes Technol. Ther.15 (8), 628–633 (2013).
- Chase HP Doyle FJ Zisser H et al. Multicenter closed-loop/hybrid meal bolus insulin delivery with Type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Technol. Ther.16 (10), 623–632 (2014).
- Dauber A Corcia L Safer J Agus MSD Einis S Steil GM . Closed-loop insulin therapy improves glycemic control in children aged <7 years: a randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Care36 (2), 222–227 (2013).
- Sherr JL Cengiz E Palerm CC et al. Reduced hypoglycemia and increased time in target using closed-loop insulin delivery during nights with or without antecedent afternoon exercise in Type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care36 (10), 2909–2914 (2013).
- Elleri D Allen JM Nodale M et al. Automated overnight closed-loop glucose control in young children with Type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Technol. Ther.13 (4), 419–424 (2011).
- Nimri R Danne T Kordonouri O et al. The “Glucositter” overnight automated closed loop system for Type 1 diabetes: a randomized crossover trial. Pediatr. Diabetes14 (3), 159–167 (2013).
- Hovorka R Allen JM Elleri D et al. Manual closed-loop insulin delivery in children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes: a Phase 2 randomised crossover trial. Lancet375 (9716), 743–751 (2010).
- Murphy HR Kumareswaran K Elleri D et al. Safety and efficacy of 24-h closed-loop insulin delivery in well-controlled pregnant women with Type 1 diabetes: a randomized crossover case series. Diabetes Care34 (12), 2527–2529 (2011).
- Murphy HR Elleri D Allen JM et al. Closed-loop insulin delivery during pregnancy complicated by Type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care34 (2), 406–411 (2011).
- Renard E Place J Cantwell M Chevassus H Palerm CC . Closed-loop insulin delivery using a subcutaneous glucose sensor and intraperitoneal insulin delivery: feasibility study testing a new model for the artificial pancreas. Diabetes Care33 (1), 121–127 (2010).
- O'Grady MJ Retterath AJ Keenan DB et al. The use of an automated, portable glucose control system for overnight glucose control in adolescents and young adults with Type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care35 (11), 2182–2187 (2012).
- Elleri D Allen JM Biagioni M et al. Evaluation of a portable ambulatory prototype for automated overnight closed-loop insulin delivery in young people with Type 1 diabetes. Pediatr. Diabetes13 (6), 449–453 (2012).
- Cobelli C Renard E Kovatchev B et al. Pilot studies of wearable outpatient artificial pancreas in Type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care35, e65–67 (2012).
- Phillip M Battelino T Atlas E et al. Nocturnal glucose control with an artificial pancreas at a diabetes camp. N. Engl. J. Med.368 (9), 824–833 (2013).
- Ly TT Breton MD Keith-Hynes P et al. Overnight glucose control with an automated, unified safety system in children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes at diabetes camp. Diabetes Care37 (8), 2310–2316 (2014).
- Hovorka R Elleri D Thabit H et al. Overnight closed-loop insulin delivery in young people with Type 1 diabetes: a free-living, randomized clinical trial. Diabetes Care37 (5), 1204–1211 (2014).
- Thabit H Lubina-Solomon A Stadler M et al. Home use of closed-loop insulin delivery for overnight glucose control in adults with Type 1 diabetes: a 4-week, multicentre, randomised crossover study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol.2 (9), 701–709 (2014).
- Nimri R Muller I Atlas E et al. MD-logic overnight control for 6 weeks of home use in patients with Type 1 diabetes: randomized crossover trial. Diabetes Care37 (11), 3025–3032 (2014).
- Leelarathna L Dellweg S Mader JK et al. Assessing the effectiveness of 3 months day and night home closed-loop insulin delivery in adults with suboptimally controlled Type 1 diabetes: a randomised crossover study protocol. BMJ Open4 (9), e006075 (2014).
- Van Bon AC Brouwer TB von Basum G Hoekstra JBL DeVries JH . Future acceptance of an artificial pancreas in adults with Type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Technol. Ther.13 (7), 731–736 (2011).
- Barnard KD Wysocki T Allen JM et al. Closing the loop overnight at home setting: psychosocial impact for adolescents with Type 1 diabetes and their parents. BMJ Open Diabetes Res. Care2 (1), e000025 (2014).
- Luijf YM DeVries JH Zwinderman K et al. Day and night closed-loop control in adults with Type 1 diabetes: a comparison of two closed-loop algorithms driving continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion versus patient self-management. Diabetes Care36 (12), 3882–3887 (2013).