Hypothalamic GLP-1: the control of BAT thermogenesis and browning of white fat

References

• Lowell BB, Spiegelman BM. Towards a molecular understanding of adaptive thermogenesis. Nature 2000; 404:652-60; PMID:10766252
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Marken Lichtenbelt WD, Vanhommerig JW, Smulders NM, Drossaerts JM, Kemerink GJ, Bouvy ND, Schrauwen P, Teule GJ. Cold-activated brown adipose tissue in healthy men. N Engl J Med 2009; 360:1500-8; PMID:19357405; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0808718
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tran TT, Kahn CR. Transplantation of adipose tissue and stem cells: role in metabolism and disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2010; 6:195-213; PMID:20195269; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2010.20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whittle AJ, Lopez M, Vidal-Puig A. Using brown adipose tissue to treat obesity–the central issue. Trends Mol Med 2011; 17:405-11; PMID:21602104
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zingaretti MC, Crosta F, Vitali A, Guerrieri M, Frontini A, Cannon B, Nedergaard J, Cinti S. The presence of UCP1 demonstrates that metabolically active adipose tissue in the neck of adult humans truly represents brown adipose tissue. FASEB J 2009; 23:3113-20; PMID:19417078; http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fj.09-133546
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nedergaard J, Bengtsson T, Cannon B. Unexpected evidence for active brown adipose tissue in adult humans. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2007; 293:E444-52; PMID:17473055; http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00691.2006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cypess AM, Lehman S, Williams G, Tal I, Rodman D, Goldfine AB, Kuo FC, Palmer EL, Tseng YH, Doria A, et al. Identification and importance of brown adipose tissue in adult humans. N Engl J Med 2009; 360:1509-17; PMID:19357406; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0810780
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Virtanen KA, Lidell ME, Orava J, Heglind M, Westergren R, Niemi T, Taittonen M, Laine J, Savisto NJ, Enerbäck S, et al. Functional brown adipose tissue in healthy adults. N Engl J Med 2009; 360:1518-25; PMID:19357407; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0808949
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu J, Bostrom P, Sparks LM, Ye L, Choi JH, Giang AH, Khandekar M, Virtanen KA, Nuutila P, Schaart G, et al. Beige adipocytes are a distinct type of thermogenic fat cell in mouse and human. Cell 2012; 150:366-76; PMID:22796012; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2012.05.016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jespersen NZ, Larsen TJ, Peijs L, Daugaard S, Homoe P, Loft A, de Jong J, Mathur N, Cannon B, Nedergaard J, et al. A classical brown adipose tissue mRNA signature partly overlaps with brite in the supraclavicular region of adult humans. Cell Metab 2013; 17:798-805; PMID:23663743; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2013.04.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walden TB, Hansen IR, Timmons JA, Cannon B, Nedergaard J. Recruited vs. nonrecruited molecular signatures of brown, "brite," and white adipose tissues. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2012; 302:E19-31; PMID:21828341; http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00249.2011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu J, Cohen P, Spiegelman BM. Adaptive thermogenesis in adipocytes: is beige the new brown? Genes Dev 2013; 27:234-50; PMID:23388824; http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.211649.112
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giralt M, Villarroya F. White, brown, beige/brite: different adipose cells for different functions? Endocrinology 2013; 154:2992-3000; PMID:23782940; http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2013-1403
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Contreras C, Gonzalez F, Fernø J, Dieguez C, Rahmouni K, Nogueiras R, Lopez M. The brain and brown fat. Ann Med 2014:1-19; PMID:24915455; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/07853890.2014.919727
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Morrison SF, Madden CJ, Tupone D. Central neural regulation of brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and energy expenditure. Cell Metab 2014; 19:741-56; PMID:24630813; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2014.02.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mojsov S, Weir GC, Habener JF. Insulinotropin: glucagon-like peptide I (7-37) co-encoded in the glucagon gene is a potent stimulator of insulin release in the perfused rat pancreas. J Clin Invest 1987; 79:616-9; PMID:3543057; http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI112855
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calanna S, Christensen M, Holst JJ, Laferrere B, Gluud LL, Vilsboll T, Knop FK. Secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analyses of clinical studies. Diabetologia 2013; 56:965-72; PMID:23377698; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00125-013-2841-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell JE, Drucker DJ. Pharmacology, physiology, and mechanisms of incretin hormone action. Cell Metab 2013; 17:819-37; PMID:23684623; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2013.04.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goke R, Fehmann HC, Goke B. Glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36) amide is a new incretin/enterogastrone candidate. Eur J Clin Invest 1991; 21:135-44; PMID:1647951; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2362.1991.tb01802.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gu G, Roland B, Tomaselli K, Dolman CS, Lowe C, Heilig JS. Glucagon-like peptide-1 in the rat brain: distribution of expression and functional implication. J Compar Neurol 2013; 521:2235-61; PMID:23238833; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cne.23282
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Richards P, Parker HE, Adriaenssens AE, Hodgson JM, Cork SC, Trapp S, Gribble FM, Reimann F. Identification and characterization of GLP-1 receptor-expressing cells using a new transgenic mouse model. Diabetes 2014; 63:1224-33; PMID:24296712; http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db13-1440
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lockie SH, Heppner KM, Chaudhary N, Chabenne JR, Morgan DA, Veyrat-Durebex C, Ananthakrishnan G, Rohner-Jeanrenaud F, Drucker DJ, DiMarchi R, et al. Direct control of brown adipose tissue thermogenesis by central nervous system glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor signaling. Diabetes 2012; 61:2753-62; PMID:22933116; http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db11-1556
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beiroa D, Imbernon M, Gallego R, Senra A, Herranz D, Villarroya F, Serrano M, Fernø J, Salvador J, Escalada J, et al. GLP-1 agonism stimulates brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and browning through hypothalamic AMPK. Diabetes 2014; 63:3346-58; PMID:24917578; http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db14-0302
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shimizu I, Hirota M, Ohboshi C, Shima K. Identification and localization of glucagon-like peptide-1 and its receptor in rat brain. Endocrinology 1987; 121:1076-82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bamshad M, Song CK, Bartness TJ. CNS origins of the sympathetic nervous system outflow to brown adipose tissue. Am J Physiol 1999; 276:R1569-78; PMID:10362733
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cano G, Passerin AM, Schiltz JC, Card JP, Morrison SF, Sved AF. Anatomical substrates for the central control of sympathetic outflow to interscapular adipose tissue during cold exposure. J Compar Neurol 2003; 460:303-26; PMID:12692852; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cne.10643
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrison SF. RVLM and raphe differentially regulate sympathetic outflows to splanchnic and brown adipose tissue. Am J Physiol 1999; 276:R962-73; PMID:10198373
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uno T, Shibata M. Role of inferior olive and thoracic IML neurons in nonshivering thermogenesis in rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2001; 280:R536-46; PMID:11208585
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kim KW, Zhao L, Donato J Jr., Kohno D, Xu Y, Elias CF, Lee C, Parker KL, Elmquist JK. Steroidogenic factor 1 directs programs regulating diet-induced thermogenesis and leptin action in the ventral medial hypothalamic nucleus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:10673-8; PMID:21636788; http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1102364108
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jo YH. Endogenous BDNF regulates inhibitory synaptic transmission in the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus. J Neurophysiol 2012; 107:42-9; PMID:21994261; http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00353.2011
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lopez M, Varela L, Vazquez MJ, Rodriguez-Cuenca S, Gonzalez CR, Velagapudi VR, Morgan DA, Schoenmakers E, Agassandian K, Lage R, et al. Hypothalamic AMPK and fatty acid metabolism mediate thyroid regulation of energy balance. Nat Med 2010; 16:1001-8; PMID:20802499; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm.2207
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whittle AJ, Carobbio S, Martins L, Slawik M, Hondares E, Vazquez MJ, Morgan D, Csikasz RI, Gallego R, Rodriguez-Cuenca S, et al. BMP8B increases brown adipose tissue thermogenesis through both central and peripheral actions. Cell 2012; 149:871-85; PMID:22579288; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2012.02.066
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinez de Morentin PB, Whittle AJ, Fernø J, Nogueiras R, Dieguez C, Vidal-Puig A, López M. Nicotine induces negative energy balance through hypothalamic AMP-activated protein kinase. Diabetes 2012; 61:807-17; PMID:22315316; http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db11-1079
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tanida M, Yamamoto N, Shibamoto T, Rahmouni K. Involvement of hypothalamic AMP-activated protein kinase in leptin-induced sympathetic nerve activation. PloS one 2013; 8:e56660; PMID:23418591; http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0056660
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ramadori G, Fujikawa T, Fukuda M, Anderson J, Morgan DA, Mostoslavsky R, Stuart RC, Perello M, Vianna CR, Nillni EA, et al. SIRT1 deacetylase in POMC neurons is required for homeostatic defenses against diet-induced obesity. Cell Metab 2010; 12:78-87; PMID:20620997; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2010.05.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruan HB, Dietrich MO, Liu ZW, Zimmer MR, Li MD, Singh JP, et al. O-GlcNAc Transferase Enables AgRP Neurons to Suppress Browning of White Fat. Cell 2014; 159:306-17; PMID:25303527; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2014.09.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marre M, Shaw J, Brandle M, Bebakar WM, Kamaruddin NA, Strand J, Zhang K, Yin R, Wu J, Horvath TL, et al. Liraglutide, a once-daily human GLP-1 analogue, added to a sulphonylurea over 26 weeks produces greater improvements in glycaemic and weight control compared with adding rosiglitazone or placebo in subjects with Type 2 diabetes (LEAD-1 SU). Diabet Med 2009; 26:268-78; PMID:19317822; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2009.02666.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Astrup A, Rossner S, Van Gaal L, Rissanen A, Niskanen L, Al Hakim M, Madsen J, Rasmussen MF, Lean ME; NN8022-1807 Study Group. Effects of liraglutide in the treatment of obesity: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Lancet 2009; 374:1606-16; PMID:19853906; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61375-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nathan DM, Buse JB, Davidson MB, Ferrannini E, Holman RR, Sherwin R, Zinman B; American Diabetes Association; European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Medical management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy: a consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetologia 2009; 52:17-30; PMID:18941734; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00125-008-1157-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torekov SS, Madsbad S, Holst JJ. Obesity–an indication for GLP-1 treatment? Obesity pathophysiology and GLP-1 treatment potential. Obesity Rev 2011; 12:593-601; PMID:21401851; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00860.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sisley S, Gutierrez-Aguilar R, Scott M, D'Alessio DA, Sandoval DA, Seeley RJ. Neuronal GLP1R mediates liraglutide's anorectic but not glucose-lowering effect. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:2456-63; PMID:24762441; http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI72434
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Day JW, Ottaway N, Patterson JT, Gelfanov V, Smiley D, Gidda J, Findeisen H, Bruemmer D, Drucker DJ, Chaudhary N, et al. A new glucagon and GLP-1 co-agonist eliminates obesity in rodents. Nat Chem Biol 2009; 5:749-57; PMID:19597507; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.209
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finan B, Ma T, Ottaway N, Muller TD, Habegger KM, Heppner KM, Kirchner H, Holland J, Hembree J, Raver C, et al. Unimolecular dual incretins maximize metabolic benefits in rodents, monkeys, and humans. Sci Transl Med 2013; 5:209ra151; PMID:24174327; http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.3007218
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar