Oxidative stress impairs autophagic flux in prion protein-deficient hippocampal cells

References

• Prusiner SB. Prions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998; 95:13363 - 83; http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.23.13363; PMID: 9811807
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basler K, Oesch B, Scott M, Westaway D, Wälchli M, Groth DF, et al. Scrapie and cellular PrP isoforms are encoded by the same chromosomal gene. Cell 1986; 46:417 - 28; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(86)90662-8; PMID: 2873895
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kretzschmar HA, Prusiner SB, Stowring LE, DeArmond SJ. Scrapie prion proteins are synthesized in neurons. Am J Pathol 1986; 122:1 - 5; PMID: 3079955
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manson J, West JD, Thomson V, McBride P, Kaufman MH, Hope J. The prion protein gene: a role in mouse embryogenesis?. Development 1992; 115:117 - 22; PMID: 1353438
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Büeler H, Aguzzi A, Sailer A, Greiner RA, Autenried P, Aguet M, et al. Mice devoid of PrP are resistant to scrapie. Cell 1993; 73:1339 - 47; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(93)90360-3; PMID: 8100741
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collinge J, Whittington MA, Sidle KC, Smith CJ, Palmer MS, Clarke AR, et al. Prion protein is necessary for normal synaptic function. Nature 1994; 370:295 - 7; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/370295a0; PMID: 8035877
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tobler I, Gaus SE, Deboer T, Achermann P, Fischer M, Rülicke T, et al. Altered circadian activity rhythms and sleep in mice devoid of prion protein. Nature 1996; 380:639 - 42; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/380639a0; PMID: 8602267
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee HG, Park SJ, Choi EK, Carp RI, Kim YS. Increased expression of prion protein is associated with changes in dopamine metabolism and MAO activity in PC12 cells. J Mol Neurosci 1999; 13:121 - 6; http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/JMN:13:1-2:121; PMID: 10691299
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mouillet-Richard S, Ermonval M, Chebassier C, Laplanche JL, Lehmann S, Launay JM, et al. Signal transduction through prion protein. Science 2000; 289:1925 - 8; http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.289.5486.1925; PMID: 10988071
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown DR, Qin K, Herms JW, Madlung A, Manson J, Strome R, et al. The cellular prion protein binds copper in vivo. Nature 1997; 390:684 - 7; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/37733; PMID: 9414160
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mangé A, Milhavet O, Umlauf D, Harris D, Lehmann S. PrP-dependent cell adhesion in N2a neuroblastoma cells. FEBS Lett 2002; 514:159 - 62; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0014-5793(02)02338-4; PMID: 11943143
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graner E, Mercadante AF, Zanata SM, Forlenza OV, Cabral AL, Veiga SS, et al. Cellular prion protein binds laminin and mediates neuritogenesis. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 2000; 76:85 - 92; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-328X(99)00334-4; PMID: 10719218
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brown DR, Schulz-Schaeffer WJ, Schmidt B, Kretzschmar HA. Prion protein-deficient cells show altered response to oxidative stress due to decreased SOD-1 activity. Exp Neurol 1997; 146:104 - 12; http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/exnr.1997.6505; PMID: 9225743
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cashman NR, Loertscher R, Nalbantoglu J, Shaw I, Kascsak RJ, Bolton DC, et al. Cellular isoform of the scrapie agent protein participates in lymphocyte activation. Cell 1990; 61:185 - 92; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(90)90225-4; PMID: 1969332
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuwahara C, Takeuchi AM, Nishimura T, Haraguchi K, Kubosaki A, Matsumoto Y, et al. Prions prevent neuronal cell-line death. Nature 1999; 400:225 - 6; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/22241; PMID: 10421360
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim BH, Lee HG, Choi JK, Kim JI, Choi EK, Carp RI, et al. The cellular prion protein (PrPC) prevents apoptotic neuronal cell death and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by serum deprivation. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 2004; 124:40 - 50; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molbrainres.2004.02.005; PMID: 15093684
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Senator A, Rachidi W, Lehmann S, Favier A, Benboubetra M. Prion protein protects against DNA damage induced by paraquat in cultured cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2004; 37:1224 - 30; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.07.006; PMID: 15451062
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White AR, Collins SJ, Maher F, Jobling MF, Stewart LR, Thyer JM, et al. Prion protein-deficient neurons reveal lower glutathione reductase activity and increased susceptibility to hydrogen peroxide toxicity. Am J Pathol 1999; 155:1723 - 30; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9440(10)65487-9; PMID: 10550328
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown DR, Nicholas RS, Canevari L. Lack of prion protein expression results in a neuronal phenotype sensitive to stress. J Neurosci Res 2002; 67:211 - 24; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jnr.10118; PMID: 11782965
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klionsky DJ, Emr SD. Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation. Science 2000; 290:1717 - 21; http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.290.5497.1717; PMID: 11099404
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levine B, Klionsky DJ. Development by self-digestion: molecular mechanisms and biological functions of autophagy. Dev Cell 2004; 6:463 - 77; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1534-5807(04)00099-1; PMID: 15068787
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cuervo AM. Autophagy: in sickness and in health. Trends Cell Biol 2004; 14:70 - 7; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcb.2003.12.002; PMID: 15102438
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shintani T, Klionsky DJ. Autophagy in health and disease: a double-edged sword. Science 2004; 306:990 - 5; http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1099993; PMID: 15528435
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clarke PG. Developmental cell death: morphological diversity and multiple mechanisms. Anat Embryol (Berl) 1990; 181:195 - 213; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00174615; PMID: 2186664
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bursch W, Ellinger A, Kienzl H, Török L, Pandey S, Sikorska M, et al. Active cell death induced by the anti-estrogens tamoxifen and ICI 164 384 in human mammary carcinoma cells (MCF-7) in culture: the role of autophagy. Carcinogenesis 1996; 17:1595 - 607; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/carcin/17.8.1595; PMID: 8761415
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohsawa Y, Isahara K, Kanamori S, Shibata M, Kametaka S, Gotow T, et al. An ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study of PC12 cells during apoptosis induced by serum deprivation with special reference to autophagy and lysosomal cathepsins. Arch Histol Cytol 1998; 61:395 - 403; http://dx.doi.org/10.1679/aohc.61.395; PMID: 9990423
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin DN, Baehrecke EH. Caspases function in autophagic programmed cell death in Drosophila. Development 2004; 131:275 - 84; http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.00933; PMID: 14668412
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guillon-Munos A, van Bemmelen MX, Clarke PG. Role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase in the autophagic death of serum-deprived PC12 cells. Apoptosis 2005; 10:1031 - 41; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10495-005-0741-6; PMID: 16151638
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schätzl HM, Laszlo L, Holtzman DM, Tatzelt J, DeArmond SJ, Weiner RI, et al. A hypothalamic neuronal cell line persistently infected with scrapie prions exhibits apoptosis. J Virol 1997; 71:8821 - 31; PMID: 9343242
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liberski PP, Sikorska B, Bratosiewicz-Wasik J, Gajdusek DC, Brown P. Neuronal cell death in transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (prion diseases) revisited: from apoptosis to autophagy. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2004; 36:2473 - 90; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2004.04.016; PMID: 15325586
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dron M, Bailly Y, Beringue V, Haeberlé AM, Griffond B, Risold PY, et al. Scrg1 is induced in TSE and brain injuries, and associated with autophagy. Eur J Neurosci 2005; 22:133 - 46; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04172.x; PMID: 16029203
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aguib Y, Heiseke A, Gilch S, Riemer C, Baier M, Schätzl HM, et al. Autophagy induction by trehalose counteracts cellular prion infection. Autophagy 2009; 5:361 - 9; http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/auto.5.3.7662; PMID: 19182537
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heiseke A, Aguib Y, Riemer C, Baier M, Schätzl HM. Lithium induces clearance of protease resistant prion protein in prion-infected cells by induction of autophagy. J Neurochem 2009; 109:25 - 34; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.05906.x; PMID: 19183256
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heitz S, Grant NJ, Leschiera R, Haeberlé AM, Demais V, Bombarde G, et al. Autophagy and cell death of Purkinje cells overexpressing Doppel in Ngsk Prnp-deficient mice. Brain Pathol 2010; 20:119 - 32; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3639.2008.00245.x; PMID: 19055638
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbieri G, Palumbo S, Gabrusiewicz K, Azzalin A, Marchesi N, Spedito A, et al. Silencing of cellular prion protein (PrPC) expression by DNA-antisense oligonucleotides induces autophagy-dependent cell death in glioma cells. Autophagy 2011; 7:840 - 53; http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/auto.7.8.15615; PMID: 21478678
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oh JM, Shin HY, Park SJ, Kim BH, Choi JK, Choi EK, et al. The involvement of cellular prion protein in the autophagy pathway in neuronal cells. Mol Cell Neurosci 2008; 39:238 - 47; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mcn.2008.07.003; PMID: 18674620
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen Y, McMillan-Ward E, Kong J, Israels SJ, Gibson SB. Oxidative stress induces autophagic cell death independent of apoptosis in transformed and cancer cells. Cell Death Differ 2008; 15:171 - 82; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.cdd.4402233; PMID: 17917680
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jabs T. Reactive oxygen intermediates as mediators of programmed cell death in plants and animals. Biochem Pharmacol 1999; 57:231 - 45; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-2952(98)00227-5; PMID: 9890550
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scherz-Shouval R, Shvets E, Fass E, Shorer H, Gil L, Elazar Z. Reactive oxygen species are essential for autophagy and specifically regulate the activity of Atg4. EMBO J 2007; 26:1749 - 60; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.emboj.7601623; PMID: 17347651
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim BH, Kim JI, Choi EK, Carp RI, Kim YS. A neuronal cell line that does not express either prion or doppel proteins. Neuroreport 2005; 16:425 - 9; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001756-200504040-00002; PMID: 15770145
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kabeya Y, Mizushima N, Ueno T, Yamamoto A, Kirisako T, Noda T, et al. LC3, a mammalian homologue of yeast Apg8p, is localized in autophagosome membranes after processing. EMBO J 2000; 19:5720 - 8; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/emboj/19.21.5720; PMID: 11060023
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green D, Kroemer G. The central executioners of apoptosis: caspases or mitochondria?. Trends Cell Biol 1998; 8:267 - 71; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0962-8924(98)01273-2; PMID: 9714597
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang H, Yu SW, Koh DW, Lew J, Coombs C, Bowers W, et al. Apoptosis-inducing factor substitutes for caspase executioners in NMDA-triggered excitotoxic neuronal death. J Neurosci 2004; 24:10963 - 73; http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3461-04.2004; PMID: 15574746
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cregan SP, Fortin A, MacLaurin JG, Callaghan SM, Cecconi F, Yu SW, et al. Apoptosis-inducing factor is involved in the regulation of caspase-independent neuronal cell death. J Cell Biol 2002; 158:507 - 17; http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200202130; PMID: 12147675
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li LY, Luo X, Wang X. Endonuclease G is an apoptotic DNase when released from mitochondria. Nature 2001; 412:95 - 9; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35083620; PMID: 11452314
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Loo G, Schotte P, van Gurp M, Demol H, Hoorelbeke B, Gevaert K, et al. Endonuclease G: a mitochondrial protein released in apoptosis and involved in caspase-independent DNA degradation. Cell Death Differ 2001; 8:1136 - 42; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.cdd.4400944; PMID: 11753562
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Susin SA, Lorenzo HK, Zamzami N, Marzo I, Snow BE, Brothers GM, et al. Molecular characterization of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor. Nature 1999; 397:441 - 6; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/17135; PMID: 9989411
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Côté J, Ruiz-Carrillo A. Primers for mitochondrial DNA replication generated by endonuclease G. Science 1993; 261:765 - 9; http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.7688144; PMID: 7688144
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petiot A, Ogier-Denis E, Blommaart EF, Meijer AJ, Codogno P. Distinct classes of phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinases are involved in signaling pathways that control macroautophagy in HT-29 cells. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:992 - 8; http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.275.2.992; PMID: 10625637
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu YT, Tan HL, Shui G, Bauvy C, Huang Q, Wenk MR, et al. Dual role of 3-methyladenine in modulation of autophagy via different temporal patterns of inhibition on class I and III phosphoinositide 3-kinase. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:10850 - 61; http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M109.080796; PMID: 20123989
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noda T, Ohsumi Y. Tor, a phosphatidylinositol kinase homologue, controls autophagy in yeast. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:3963 - 6; http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.273.7.3963; PMID: 9461583
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarkar S, Davies JE, Huang Z, Tunnacliffe A, Rubinsztein DC. Trehalose, a novel mTOR-independent autophagy enhancer, accelerates the clearance of mutant huntingtin and alpha-synuclein. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:5641 - 52; http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M609532200; PMID: 17182613
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klionsky DJ, Abeliovich H, Agostinis P, Agrawal DK, Aliev G, Askew DS, et al. Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy in higher eukaryotes. Autophagy 2008; 4:151 - 75; PMID: 18188003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown DR, Wong BS, Hafiz F, Clive C, Haswell SJ, Jones IM. Normal prion protein has an activity like that of superoxide dismutase. Biochem J 1999; 344:1 - 5; http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/0264-6021:3440001; PMID: 10548526
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown DR, Besinger A. Prion protein expression and superoxide dismutase activity. Biochem J 1998; 334:423 - 9; PMID: 9716501
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higgins GC, Beart PM, Nagley P. Oxidative stress triggers neuronal caspase-independent death: endonuclease G involvement in programmed cell death-type III. Cell Mol Life Sci 2009; 66:2773 - 87; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-009-0079-2; PMID: 19582370
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higgins GC, Devenish RJ, Beart PM, Nagley P. Autophagic activity in cortical neurons under acute oxidative stress directly contributes to cell death. Cell Mol Life Sci 2011; 68:3725 - 40; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-011-0667-9; PMID: 21437645
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee JA. Autophagy in neurodegeneration: two sides of the same coin. BMB Rep 2009; 42:324 - 30; http://dx.doi.org/10.5483/BMBRep.2009.42.6.324; PMID: 19558789
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong E, Cuervo AM. Autophagy gone awry in neurodegenerative diseases. Nat Neurosci 2010; 13:805 - 11; http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn.2575; PMID: 20581817
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beal MF. Aging, energy, and oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases. Ann Neurol 1995; 38:357 - 66; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ana.410380304; PMID: 7668820
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim JI, Choi SI, Kim NH, Jin JK, Choi EK, Carp RI, et al. Oxidative stress and neurodegeneration in prion diseases. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2001; 928:182 - 6; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb05648.x; PMID: 11795509
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown DR. Neurodegeneration and oxidative stress: prion disease results from loss of antioxidant defence. Folia Neuropathol 2005; 43:229 - 43; PMID: 16416388
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong BS, Liu T, Paisley D, Li R, Pan T, Chen SG, et al. Induction of HO-1 and NOS in doppel-expressing mice devoid of PrP: implications for doppel function. Mol Cell Neurosci 2001; 17:768 - 75; http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/mcne.2001.0963; PMID: 11312611
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cui T, Holme A, Sassoon J, Brown DR. Analysis of doppel protein toxicity. Mol Cell Neurosci 2003; 23:144 - 55; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1044-7431(03)00017-4; PMID: 12799144
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi JK, Park SJ, Jun YC, Oh JM, Jeong BH, Lee HP, et al. Generation of monoclonal antibody recognized by the GXXXG motif (glycine zipper) of prion protein. Hybridoma (Larchmt) 2006; 25:271 - 7; http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/hyb.2006.25.271; PMID: 17044782
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar