An estimate of the survival benefit of improving vitamin D status in the adult German population

References

• Jones G. Expanding role for vitamin D in chronic kidney disease: importance of blood 25-OH-D levels and extra-renal 1alpha-hydroxylase in the classical and nonclassical actions of 1alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3). Semin Dial 2007; 20:316 - 324
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bouillon R, Carmeliet G, Verlinden L, van Etten E, Verstuyf A, Luderer HF, et al. Vitamin D and human health: lessons from vitamin D receptor null mice. Endocr Rev 2008; 2:726 - 776
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holick MF. Vitamin D deficiency. N Engl J Med 2007; 357:266 - 281
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zittermann A. Vitamin D in preventive medicine—are we ignoring the evidence?. Br J Nutr 2003; 89:552 - 572
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hagenau T, Vest R, Gissel TN, Poulsen CS, Erlandsen M, Mosekilde L, et al. Global vitamin D levels in relation to age, gender, skin pigmentation and latitude: an ecologic meta-regression analysis. Osteoporos Int 2009; 20:133 - 140
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Giovannucci E, Willett WC, Dietrich T, Dawson-Hughes B. Estimation of optimal serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D for multiple health outcomes. Am J Clin Nutr 2006; 84:18 - 28
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giovannucci E, Liu Y, Rimm EB, Hollis BW, Fuchs CS, Stampfer MJ, et al. Prospective study of predictors of vitamin D status and cancer incidence and mortality in men. J Natl Cancer Inst 2006; 98:451 - 459
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zittermann A, Schleithoff SS, Gotting C, Dronow O, Fuchs U, Kuhn J, et al. Poor outcome in and-stage heart failure individuals with low circulating calcitriol levels. Eur J Heart Fail 2008; 10:321 - 327
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolf M, Shah A, Gutierrez O, Ankers E, Monroy M, Tamez H, et al. Vitamin D levels and early mortality among incident hemodialysis individuals. Kidney Int 2007; 72:1004 - 1013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Autier P, Gandini S. Vitamin D supplementation and total mortality: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med 2007; 167:1730 - 1737
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dobnig H, Pilz S, Scharnagl H, Renner W, Seelhorst U, Wellnitz B, et al. Independent association of low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Arch Intern Med 2008; 168:1340 - 1349
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melamed ML, Michos ED, Post W, Astor B. 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and the risk of mortality in the general population. Arch Intern Med 2008; 168:1629 - 1637
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hintzpeter B, Mensink GB, Thierfelder W, Müller MJ, Scheidt-Nave C. Vitamin D status and health correlates among German adults. Eur J Clin Nutr 2008; 62:1079 - 1089
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zittermann A, Grant WB. 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and all-cause mortality. Arch Intern Med 2009; 169:1075 - 1076
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 2008; Wiesbaden, Germany Federal Statistical Office
   Google Scholar
• Zittermann A, Koerfer R. Vitamin D in the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease. Curr Opin Nutr Metab Care 2008; 11:752 - 757
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zittermann A. Vitamin D and disease prevention with special reference to cardiovascular disease. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 2006; 92:39 - 48
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zittermann A, Gummert JF, Boergermann J. Vitamin D deficiency and mortality. Curr Opin Nutr Metab Care 2009; 12:634 - 639
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wjst M. Is the increase in allergic asthma associated with an inborn Th1 maturation or with an environmental Th1 trigger defect?. Allergy 2004; 59:148 - 150
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rajakumar K. Vitamin D, cod-liver oil, sunlight and rickets: A historical perspective. Pediatrics 2003; 112:112 - 135
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tuohimaa P. Vitamin D and aging. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2009; 114:78 - 84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zittermann A, Scheld K, Stehle P. Seasonal variations in vitamin D status and calcium absorption do not influence bone turnover in young women. Eur J Clin Nutr 1998; 52:501 - 506
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Looker AC, Pfeiffer CM, Lacher DA, Schleicher RL, Picciano MF, Yetley EA. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status of the US population: 1988–1994 compared with 2000–2004. Am J Clin Nutr 2008; 88:1519 - 1527
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hintzpeter B, Scheidt-Nave C, Müller MJ, Schenk L, Mensink GB. Higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is associated with immigrant background among children and adolescents in Germany. J Nutr 2008; 138:1482 - 1490
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lacroix AZ, Kotchen J, Anderson G, Brzyski R, Cauley JA, Cummings SR, et al. Calcium Plus Vitamin D Supplementation and Mortality in Postmenopausal Women: The Women's Health Initiative Calcium-Vitamin D Randomized Controlled Trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2009; 64:559 - 567
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vieth R, Bischoff-Ferrari H, Boucher B, Dawson-Hughes B, Garland CF, Heaney RP, et al. The urgent need to recommend an intake of vitamin D that is effective. Am J Clin Nutr 2007; 85:649 - 650
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cashman KD, Wallace JM, Horigan G, Hill TR, Barnes MS, Lucey AJ, et al. Estimation of the dietary requirement for vitamin D in free-living adults >=64 y of age. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 89:1366 - 1374
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Natri AM, Salo P, Vikstedt T, Palssa A, Huttunen M, Kärkkäinen MU, et al. Bread fortified with cholecalciferol increases the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in women as effectively as a cholecalciferol supplement. J Nutr 2006; 136:123 - 127
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bacon CJ, Gamble GD, Horne AM, Scott MA, Reid IR. High-dose oral vitamin D(3) supplementation in the elderly. Osteoporos Int 2008; 20:1407 - 1415
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirvonen T, Sinkko H, Valsta L, Hannila ML, Pietinen P. Development of a model for optimal food fortification: vitamin D among adults in Finland. Eur J Nutr 2007; 46:264 - 270
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mocanu V, Stitt PA, Costan AR, Voroniuc O, Zbranca E, Luca V, et al. Long-term effects of giving nursing home residents bread fortified with 125 microg (5,000 IU) vitamin D(3) per daily serving. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 89:1132 - 1137
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant WB, Cross HS, Garland CF, Gorham ED, Moan J, Peterlik M, et al. Estimated benefit of increased vitamin D status in reducing the economic burden of disease in western Europe. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 2009; 99:104 - 113
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Looker AC, Dawson-Hughes B, Calvo MS, Gunter EW, Sahyoun NR. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status of adolescents and adults in two seasonal subpopulations from NHANES III. Bone 2002; 30:771 - 777
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ginde AA, Scragg R, Schwartz RS, Camargo CA. Prospective Study of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level, Cardiovascular Disease Mortality, and All-Cause Mortality in Older U.S. Adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2009; 57:1595 - 1603
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zittermann A, Schleithoff SS, Frisch S, Götting C, Kuhn J, Koertke H, et al. Circulating calcitriol concentrations and total mortality. Clin Chem 2009; 55:1163 - 1170
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Block GA, Klassen PS, Lazarus JM, Ofsthun N, Lowrie EG, Chertow GM. Mineral metabolism, mortality and morbidity in maintenaince hemodialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004; 15:2208 - 2218
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Visser M, Deeg DJ, Puts MT, Seidell JC, Lips P. Low serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in older persons and the risk of nursing home admission. Am J Clin Nutr 2006; 84:616 - 622
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lensmeyer GL, Wiebe DA, Binkley N, Drezner MK. HPLC method for 25-hydroxyvitamin D measurement: comparison with contemporary assays. Clin Chem 2006; 52:1120 - 1126
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pilz S, Dobnig H, Nijpels G, Heine RJ, Stehouwer CD, Snijder MB, et al. Vitamin D and mortality in older men and women. Clin Endocrinol 2009; 71:666 - 672
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Douglas S, Rawles J. Latitude-related changes in the amplitude of annual mortality rhythm. The biological equator in man. Chronobiol Int 1999; 16:199 - 212
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant WB, Mohr SB. Ecological Studies Of Ultraviolet B, Vitamin D And Cancer Since 2000. Ann Epidemiol 2009; 19:446 - 454
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar