1,647
Views
30
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Current recommendations for Helicobacter pylori therapies in a world of evolving resistance

Pages 541-548 | Received 12 Jul 2013, Accepted 27 Jul 2013, Published online: 05 Aug 2013

References

  • Bazzoli F, Zagari R, Fossi S, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of a short-term low-dose triple therapy for eradication of Helicobacter pylori.. Am J Gastroenterol 1993; 104:40A
  • Lamouliatte HC, Cayla R, Megraud F, Zerbib F, Stablo M, Bouchard S, et al. Amoxicillin-clarithromycin-omeprazole: the best therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 1993; 56:A140
  • Lind T, Veldhuyzen van Zanten S, Unge P, Spiller R, Bayerdörffer E, O’Morain C, Bardhan KD, Bradette M, Chiba N, Wrangstadh M, et al. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori using one-week triple therapies combining omeprazole with two antimicrobials: the MACH I Study. Helicobacter 1996; 1:138 - 44; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.1996.tb00027.x; PMID: 9398894
  • Lind T, Mégraud F, Unge P, Bayerdörffer E, O’morain C, Spiller R, Veldhuyzen Van Zanten S, Bardhan KD, Hellblom M, Wrangstadh M, et al. The MACH2 study: role of omeprazole in eradication of Helicobacter pylori with 1-week triple therapies. Gastroenterology 1999; 116:248 - 53; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70119-8; PMID: 9922303
  • European Helicobacter Pylori Study Group. Current European concepts in the management of Helicobacter pylori infection. The Maastricht Consensus Report. Gut 1997; 41:8 - 13; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.41.1.8; PMID: 9274464
  • Lam SK, Talley NJ. Report of the 1997 Asia Pacific Consensus Conference on the management of Helicobacter pylori infection. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1998; 13:1 - 12; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1746.1998.tb00537.x; PMID: 9737564
  • Coelho LG, León-Barúa R, Quigley EM. Latin-American Consensus Conference on Helicobacter pylori infection. Latin-American National Gastroenterological Societies affiliated with the Inter-American Association of Gastroenterology (AIGE). Am J Gastroenterol 2000; 95:2688 - 91; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9270(00)01967-5; PMID: 11051336
  • Borody TJ, George LL, Brandl S, Andrews P, Lenne J, Moore-Jones D, Devine M, Walton M. Helicobacter pylori eradication with doxycycline-metronidazole-bismuth subcitrate triple therapy. Scand J Gastroenterol 1992; 27:281 - 4; http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365529209000075; PMID: 1589705
  • Meyer-Rosberg K, Scott DR, Rex D, Melchers K, Sachs G. The effect of environmental pH on the proton motive force of Helicobacter pylori.. Gastroenterology 1996; 111:886 - 900; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-5085(96)70056-2; PMID: 8831583
  • Sachs G, Meyer-Rosberg K, Hong C, Melchers K, Scott D.. Biologie de Helicobacter pylori dans l'estomac. La lettre de l'Infectiologue 1997; 12:16 - 20
  • Goddard AF, Jessa MJ, Barrett DA, Shaw PN, Idström JP, Cederberg C, Spiller RC. Effect of omeprazole on the distribution of metronidazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin in human gastric juice. Gastroenterology 1996; 111:358 - 67; http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/gast.1996.v111.pm8690200; PMID: 8690200
  • Matysiak-Budnik T, Heyman M, Candalh C, Lethuaire D, Mégraud F. In vitro transfer of clarithromycin and amoxicillin across the epithelial barrier: effect of Helicobacter pylori.. J Antimicrob Chemother 2002; 50:865 - 72; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkf219; PMID: 12461005
  • Nakamura M, Spiller RC, Barrett DA, Wibawa JI, Kumagai N, Tsuchimoto K, Tanaka T. Gastric juice, gastric tissue and blood antibiotic concentrations following omeprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin triple therapy. Helicobacter 2003; 8:294 - 9; http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-5378.2003.00156.x; PMID: 12950601
  • Mégraud F, Lehours P. Helicobacter pylori detection and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Clin Microbiol Rev 2007; 20:280 - 322; http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00033-06; PMID: 17428887
  • Versalovic J, Shortridge D, Kibler K, Griffy MV, Beyer J, Flamm RK, Tanaka SK, Graham DY, Go MF. Mutations in 23S rRNA are associated with clarithromycin resistance in Helicobacter pylori.. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1996; 40:477 - 80; PMID: 8834903
  • Occhialini A, Urdaci M, Doucet-Populaire F, Bébéar CM, Lamouliatte H, Mégraud F. Macrolide resistance in Helicobacter pylori: rapid detection of point mutations and assays of macrolide binding to ribosomes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997; 41:2724 - 8; PMID: 9420046
  • Mégraud F. H pylori antibiotic resistance: prevalence, importance, and advances in testing. Gut 2004; 53:1374 - 84; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.2003.022111; PMID: 15306603
  • Moore RA, Beckthold B, Wong S, Kureishi A, Bryan LE. Nucleotide sequence of the gyrA gene and characterization of ciprofloxacin-resistant mutants of Helicobacter pylori.. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1995; 39:107 - 11; http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.39.1.107; PMID: 7695290
  • Tankovic J, Lascols C, Sculo Q, Petit JC, Soussy CJ. Single and double mutations in gyrA but not in gyrB are associated with low- and high-level fluoroquinolone resistance in Helicobacter pylori.. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003; 47:3942 - 4; http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.47.12.3942-3944.2003; PMID: 14638505
  • Cammarota G, Cianci R, Cannizzaro O, Cuoco L, Pirozzi G, Gasbarrini A, Armuzzi A, Zocco MA, Santarelli L, Arancio F, et al. Efficacy of two one-week rabeprazole/levofloxacin-based triple therapies for Helicobacter pylori infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000; 14:1339 - 43; http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00846.x; PMID: 11012480
  • Perna F, Zullo A, Ricci C, Hassan C, Morini S, Vaira D. Levofloxacin-based triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori re-treatment: role of bacterial resistance. Dig Liver Dis 2007; 39:1001 - 5; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2007.06.016; PMID: 17889627
  • Heep M, Beck D, Bayerdörffer E, Lehn N. Rifampin and rifabutin resistance mechanism in Helicobacter pylori.. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999; 43:1497 - 9; PMID: 10348780
  • Suzuki S, Suzuki H, Nishizawa T, Kaneko F, Ootani S, Muraoka H, Saito Y, Kobayashi I, Hibi T. Past rifampicin dosing determines rifabutin resistance of Helicobacter pylori.. Digestion 2009; 79:1 - 4; http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000191204; PMID: 19142036
  • Trieber CA, Taylor DE. Mutations in the 16S rRNA genes of Helicobacter pylori mediate resistance to tetracycline. J Bacteriol 2002; 184:2131 - 40; http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JB.184.8.2131-2140.2002; PMID: 11914344
  • Lee JW, Kim N, Kim JM, Nam RH, Chang H, Kim JY, Shin CM, Park YS, Lee DH, Jung HC. Prevalence of primary and secondary antimicrobial resistance of Helicobacter pylori in Korea from 2003 through 2012. Helicobacter 2013; 18:206 - 14; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hel.12031; PMID: 23241101
  • Ribeiro ML, Gerrits MM, Benvengo YH, Berning M, Godoy AP, Kuipers EJ, Mendonça S, van Vliet AH, Pedrazzoli J Jr., Kusters JG. Detection of high-level tetracycline resistance in clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori using PCR-RFLP. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 2004; 40:57 - 61; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0928-8244(03)00277-3; PMID: 14734187
  • Chung JW, Lee GH, Jeong JY, Lee SM, Jung JH, Choi KD, Song HJ, Jung HY, Kim JH. Resistance of Helicobacter pylori strains to antibiotics in Korea with a focus on fluoroquinolone resistance. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2012; 27:493 - 7; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06874.x; PMID: 21793912
  • Suzuki RB, Almeida CM, Sperança MA. Absence of Helicobacter pylori high tetracycline resistant 16S rDNA AGA926-928TTC genotype in gastric biopsy specimens from dyspeptic patients of a city in the interior of São Paulo, Brazil. BMC Gastroenterol 2012; 12:49; http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-230X-12-49; PMID: 22594560
  • Gerrits MM, Schuijffel D, van Zwet AA, Kuipers EJ, Vandenbroucke-Grauls CM, Kusters JG. Alterations in penicillin-binding protein 1A confer resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in Helicobacter pylori.. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002; 46:2229 - 33; http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.46.7.2229-2233.2002; PMID: 12069978
  • Mendz GL, Mégraud F. Is the molecular basis of metronidazole resistance in microaerophilic organisms understood?. Trends Microbiol 2002; 10:370 - 5; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0966-842X(02)02405-8; PMID: 12160635
  • Glupczynski Y, Broutet N, Cantagrel A, Andersen LP, Alarcon T, López-Brea M, Mégraud F. Comparison of the E test and agar dilution method for antimicrobial suceptibility testing of Helicobacter pylori.. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2002; 21:549 - 52; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10096-002-0757-6; PMID: 12172749
  • Malfertheiner P, Megraud F, O’Morain CA, Atherton J, Axon AT, Bazzoli F, Gensini GF, Gisbert JP, Graham DY, Rokkas T, et al, European Helicobacter Study Group. Management of Helicobacter pylori infection--the Maastricht IV/ Florence Consensus Report. Gut 2012; 61:646 - 64; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2012-302084; PMID: 22491499
  • Novo Y, Gavinet AM, Megraud F, Bebear C. Susceptibility of Campylobacter pylori to nitroimidazole compounds in vitro. P 165-7 In: Megraud F, Lamouliatte H (Eds) Gastroduodenal pathology and Campylobacter pylori. Excerpta Medica ICS847, 1989. Amsterdam.
  • Mattila J, Männistö PT, Mäntylä R, Nykänen S, Lamminsivu U. Comparative pharmacokinetics of metronidazole and tinidazole as influenced by administration route. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1983; 23:721 - 5; http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.23.5.721; PMID: 6870221
  • Adamsson I, Nord CE, Lundquist P, Sjöstedt S, Edlund C. Comparative effects of omeprazole, amoxycillin plus metronidazole versus omeprazole, clarithromycin plus metronidazole on the oral, gastric and intestinal microflora in Helicobacter pylori-infected patients. J Antimicrob Chemother 1999; 44:629 - 40; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/44.5.629; PMID: 10552979
  • Sjölund M, Wreiber K, Andersson DI, Blaser MJ, Engstrand L. Long-term persistence of resistant Enterococcus species after antibiotics to eradicate Helicobacter pylori.. Ann Intern Med 2003; 139:483 - 7; http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-139-6-200309160-00011; PMID: 13679325
  • Megraud F, Coenen S, Versporten A, Kist M, Lopez-Brea M, Hirschl AM, Andersen LP, Goossens H, Glupczynski Y, Study Group participants. Helicobacter pylori resistance to antibiotics in Europe and its relationship to antibiotic consumption. Gut 2013; 62:34 - 42; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2012-302254; PMID: 22580412
  • Björkholm B, Sjölund M, Falk PG, Berg OG, Engstrand L, Andersson DI. Mutation frequency and biological cost of antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori.. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:14607 - 12; http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.241517298; PMID: 11717398
  • Glupczynski Y, Mégraud F, Lopez-Brea M, Andersen LP. European multicentre survey of in vitro antimicrobial resistance in Helicobacter pylori.. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2001; 20:820 - 3; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100960100611; PMID: 11783701
  • Kobayashi I, Murakami K, Kato M, Kato S, Azuma T, Takahashi S, Uemura N, Katsuyama T, Fukuda Y, Haruma K, et al. Changing antimicrobial susceptibility epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori strains in Japan between 2002 and 2005. J Clin Microbiol 2007; 45:4006 - 10; http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00740-07; PMID: 17942652
  • Zullo A, Vaira D, Vakil N, Hassan C, Gatta L, Ricci C, De Francesco V, Menegatti M, Tampieri A, Perna F, et al. High eradication rates of Helicobacter pylori with a new sequential treatment. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003; 17:719 - 26; http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01461.x; PMID: 12641522
  • Wang G, Wilson TJ, Jiang Q, Taylor DE. Spontaneous mutations that confer antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori.. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001; 45:727 - 33; http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.45.3.727-733.2001; PMID: 11181351
  • Malfertheiner P, Megraud F, O’Morain C, Bazzoli F, El-Omar E, Graham D, Hunt R, Rokkas T, Vakil N, Kuipers EJ. Current concepts in the management of Helicobacter pylori infection: the Maastricht III Consensus Report. Gut 2007; 56:772 - 81; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.2006.101634; PMID: 17170018
  • Chey WD, Wong BC, Practice Parameters Committee of the American College of Gastroenterology. American College of Gastroenterology guideline on the management of Helicobacter pylori infection. Am J Gastroenterol 2007; 102:1808 - 25; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01393.x; PMID: 17608775
  • Kawai T, Yamagishi T, Yagi K, Kataoka M, Kawakami K, Sofuni A, Itoi T, Sakai Y, Moriyasu F, Osaka Y, et al. Tailored eradication therapy based on fecal Helicobacter pylori clarithromycin sensitivities. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008; 23:Suppl 2 S171 - 4; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1746.2008.05408.x; PMID: 19120893
  • Liou JM, Chen CC, Chang CY, Chen MJ, Fang YJ, Lee JY, Chen CC, Hsu SJ, Hsu YC, Tseng CH, et al, Taiwan Helicobacter Consortium. Efficacy of genotypic resistance-guided sequential therapy in the third-line treatment of refractory Helicobacter pylori infection: a multicentre clinical trial. J Antimicrob Chemother 2013; 68:450 - 6; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dks407; PMID: 23099849
  • Fiorini G, Vakil N, Zullo A, Saracino IM, Castelli V, Ricci C, Zaccaro C, Gatta L, Vaira D. Culture-based selection therapy for patients who did not respond to previous treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 11:507 - 10; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2012.12.007; PMID: 23267869
  • Oleastro M, Ménard A, Santos A, Lamouliatte H, Monteiro L, Barthélémy P, Mégraud F. Real-time PCR assay for rapid and accurate detection of point mutations conferring resistance to clarithromycin in Helicobacter pylori.. J Clin Microbiol 2003; 41:397 - 402; http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.41.1.397-402.2003; PMID: 12517879
  • Rüssmann H, Adler K, Haas R, Gebert B, Koletzko S, Heesemann J. Rapid and accurate determination of genotypic clarithromycin resistance in cultured Helicobacter pylori by fluorescent in situ hybridization. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39:4142 - 4; http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.39.11.4142-4144.2001; PMID: 11682543
  • Cambau E, Allerheiligen V, Coulon C, Corbel C, Lascols C, Deforges L, Soussy CJ, Delchier JC, Megraud F. Evaluation of a new test, genotype HelicoDR, for molecular detection of antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori.. J Clin Microbiol 2009; 47:3600 - 7; http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00744-09; PMID: 19759218
  • Wermeille J, Cunningham M, Dederding JP, Girard L, Baumann R, Zelger G, Buri P, Metry JM, Sitavanc R, Gallaz L, et al. Failure of Helicobacter pylori eradication: is poor compliance the main cause?. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 2002; 26:216 - 9; PMID: 11981460
  • Hirschowitz BI, Haber MM. Helicobacter pylori effects on gastritis, gastrin and enterochromaffin-like cells in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and non-Zollinger-Ellison syndrome acid hypersecretors treated long-term with lansoprazole. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2001; 15:87 - 103; http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.00876.x; PMID: 11136282
  • Furuta T, Shirai N, Xiao F, Ohashi K, Ishizaki T. Effect of high-dose lansoprazole on intragastic pH in subjects who are homozygous extensive metabolizers of cytochrome P4502C19. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2001; 70:484 - 92; http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mcp.2001.119721; PMID: 11719736
  • Demir K, Ormeci A, Emrence Z, Gokturk S, Baran B, Mutlauay Soyer O, et al. Effect of genotypic differences in CYP2C19 and on cure rates for Helicobacter pylori infection by triple therapy with different proton pump inhibitors. DDW 2013; 2013:a1915
  • Perri F, Clemente R, Festa V, Quitadamo M, Conoscitore P, Niro G, Ghoos Y, Rutgeerts P, Andriulli A. Relationship between the results of pre-treatment urea breath test and efficacy of eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection. Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1998; 30:146 - 50; PMID: 9675647
  • Broutet N, Marais A, Lamouliatte H, de Mascarel A, Samoyeau R, Salamon R, Mégraud F. cagA Status and eradication treatment outcome of anti-Helicobacter pylori triple therapies in patients with nonulcer dyspepsia. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39:1319 - 22; http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.39.4.1319-1322.2001; PMID: 11283049
  • Broutet N, Tchamgoué S, Pereira E, Lamouliatte H, Salamon R, Mégraud F. Risk factors for failure of Helicobacter pylori therapy--results of an individual data analysis of 2751 patients. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003; 17:99 - 109; http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01396.x; PMID: 12492738
  • Malfertheiner P, Bazzoli F, Delchier JC, Celiñski K, Giguère M, Rivière M, Mégraud F, Pylera Study Group. Helicobacter pylori eradication with a capsule containing bismuth subcitrate potassium, metronidazole, and tetracycline given with omeprazole versus clarithromycin-based triple therapy: a randomised, open-label, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2011; 377:905 - 13; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60020-2; PMID: 21345487
  • Gisbert JP, Calvet X, O’Connor A, Mégraud F, O’Morain CA. Sequential therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: a critical review. J Clin Gastroenterol 2010; 44:313 - 25; PMID: 20054285
  • Molina-Infante J, Pazos-Pacheco C, Vinagre-Rodriguez G, Perez-Gallardo B, Dueñas-Sadornil C, Hernandez-Alonso M, Gonzalez-Garcia G, Mateos-Rodriguez JM, Fernandez-Bermejo M, Gisbert JP. Nonbismuth quadruple (concomitant) therapy: empirical and tailored efficacy versus standard triple therapy for clarithromycin-susceptible Helicobacter pylori and versus sequential therapy for clarithromycin-resistant strains. Helicobacter 2012; 17:269 - 76; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2012.00947.x; PMID: 22759326
  • Gisbert JP, Calvet X. Update on non-bismuth quadruple (concomitant) therapy for eradication of Helicobacter pylori.. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2012; 5:23 - 34; http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CEG.S25419; PMID: 22457599
  • Sardarian H, Fakheri H, Hosseini V, Taghvaei T, Maleki I, Mokhtare M. Comparison of hybrid and sequential therapies for Helicobacter pylori eradication in Iran: a prospective randomized trial. Helicobacter 2013; 18:129 - 34; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hel.12017; PMID: 23121338
  • Greenberg ER, Anderson GL, Morgan DR, Torres J, Chey WD, Bravo LE, Dominguez RL, Ferreccio C, Herrero R, Lazcano-Ponce EC, et al. 14-day triple, 5-day concomitant, and 10-day sequential therapies for Helicobacter pylori infection in seven Latin American sites: a randomised trial. Lancet 2011; 378:507 - 14; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60825-8; PMID: 21777974
  • Gisbert JP, Pérez-Aisa A, Bermejo F, Castro-Fernández M, Almela P, Barrio J, Cosme A, Modolell I, Bory F, Fernández-Bermejo M, et al, H. pylori Study Group of the Asociación Española de Gastroenterología (Spanish Gastroenterology Association). Second-line therapy with levofloxacin after failure of treatment to eradicate helicobacter pylori infection: time trends in a Spanish Multicenter Study of 1000 patients. J Clin Gastroenterol 2013; 47:130 - 5; http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MCG.0b013e318254ebdd; PMID: 22647827
  • Chuah SK, Hsu PI, Chang KC, Chiu YC, Wu KL, Chou YP, Hu ML, Tai WC, Chiu KW, Chiou SS, et al. Randomized comparison of two non-bismuth-containing second-line rescue therapies for Helicobacter pylori.. Helicobacter 2012; 17:216 - 23; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2012.00937.x; PMID: 22515360
  • Di Caro S, Fini L, Daoud Y, Grizzi F, Gasbarrini A, De Lorenzo A, Di Renzo L, McCartney S, Bloom S. Levofloxacin/amoxicillin-based schemes vs quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication in second-line. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18:5669 - 78; http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v18.i40.5669; PMID: 23155306
  • Wu C, Chen X, Liu J, Li MY, Zhang ZQ, Wang ZQ. Moxifloxacin-containing triple therapy versus bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for second-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection: a meta-analysis. Helicobacter 2011; 16:131 - 8; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2011.00826.x; PMID: 21435091
  • Murakami K, Okimoto T, Kodama M, Tanahashi J, Fujioka T, Ikeda F, Muraoka H, Takigawa M, Saika T, Hasegawa M, et al. Sitafloxacin activity against Helicobacter pylori isolates, including those with gyrA mutations. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2009; 53:3097 - 9; http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.01552-08; PMID: 19380599
  • Murakami K, Furuta T, Ando T, Nakajima T, Inui Y, Oshima T, Tomita T, Mabe K, Sasaki M, Suganuma T, et al, For the Japan GAST Study Group.. Multi-center randomized controlled study to establish the standard third-line regimen for Helicobacter pylori eradication in Japan. [Epub ahead of print] J Gastroenterol 2013; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00535-012-0731-8; PMID: 23307042
  • Chang WL, Kao CY, Wu CT, Huang AH, Wu JJ, Yang HB, Cheng HC, Sheu BS. Gemifloxacin can partially overcome quinolone resistance of H. pylori with gyrA mutation in Taiwan. Helicobacter 2012; 17:210 - 5; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2012.00935.x; PMID: 22515359
  • Asaoka D, Nagahara A, Matsuhisa T, Takahashi SI, Tokunaga K, Kawai T, Kawakami K, Suzuki H, Suzuki M, Nishizawa T, et al. Trends of second-line eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori in Japan: A multicenter study in the Tokyo metropolitan area. Helicobacter 2013; PMID: 23773231
  • Furuta T, Sugimoto M, Yamade M, Uotani T, Sahara S, Ichikawa H, et al. Effects of different dosing schedules of amoxicillin on the eradication rates of Helicobacter pylori by triple therapy with a proton pump inhibitor, amoxicillin, and either clarithromycin or metronidazole. DDW 2013; 2013:a245
  • Gisbert JP, Castro-Fernandez M, Perez-Aisa A, Cosme A, Molina-Infante J, Rodrigo L, Modolell I, Cabriada JL, Gisbert JL, Lamas E, et al. Fourth-line rescue therapy with rifabutin in patients with three Helicobacter pylori eradication failures. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2012; 35:941 - 7; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2012.05053.x; PMID: 22372560
  • D’Elios MM, Silvestri E, Emmi G, Barnini T, Prisco D. Helicobacter pylori: usefulness of an empirical fourth-line rifabutin-based regimen. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2012; 6:437 - 9; http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/egh.12.32; PMID: 22928895
  • Furuta T, Sugimoto M, Kodaira C, Nishino M, Yamade M, Uotani T, Ikuma M, Shirai N. The dual therapy with 4 times daily dosing of rabeprazole and amoxicillin as the 3rd rescue regimen for eradication of H. pylori.. Hepatogastroenterology 2010; 57:1314 - 9; PMID: 21410079
  • Tong JL, Ran ZH, Shen J, Zhang CX, Xiao SD. Meta-analysis: the effect of supplementation with probiotics on eradication rates and adverse events during Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2007; 25:155 - 68; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.03179.x; PMID: 17229240
  • Szajewska H, Horvath A, Piwowarczyk A. Meta-analysis: the effects of Saccharomyces boulardii supplementation on Helicobacter pylori eradication rates and side effects during treatment. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2010; 32:1069 - 79; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2010.04457.x; PMID: 21039671
  • Realdi G, Dore MP, Piana A, Atzei A, Carta M, Cugia L, Manca A, Are BM, Massarelli G, Mura I, et al. Pretreatment antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori infection: results of three randomized controlled studies. Helicobacter 1999; 4:106 - 12; http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-5378.1999.99002.x; PMID: 10382124
  • Koletzko S, Jones NL, Goodman KJ, Gold B, Rowland M, Cadranel S, Chong S, Colletti RB, Casswall T, Elitsur Y, et al, H pylori Working Groups of ESPGHAN and NASPGHAN. Evidence-based guidelines from ESPGHAN and NASPGHAN for Helicobacter pylori infection in children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2011; 53:230 - 43; PMID: 21558964
  • Abdullahi M, Annibale B, Capoccia D, Tari R, Lahner E, Osborn J, Leonetti F, Severi C. The eradication of Helicobacter pylori is affected by body mass index (BMI). Obes Surg 2008; 18:1450 - 4; http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11695-008-9477-z; PMID: 18443890

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.