A Comparison of Data Sources for Manual and Automated Hydrographical Network Delineation

References

• Band , L. E. 1986 . “Topographic Partition of Watersheds with Digital Elevation Models.” . Water Resources Research , 22 ( 1 ) : 15 – 24 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brock University. 2002a . NRCan DEM (CDED) Conversion from Decimal Seconds to Decimal Degrees. Brock University Map Library Available fromhttp://www.brocku.ca/maplibrary/procedures/DEMshift.htm (Accessed July 2003)
   Google Scholar
• Brock University. 2002b . NRCan DEM (CDED) Conversion from Decimal Degrees to UTM. Brock University Map Library Available from:http://www.brocku.ca/maplibrary/procedures/dd2utm.htm (Accessed July 2003)
   Google Scholar
• Carter , J. R. 1992 . “The Effect of Data Precision on the Calculation of Slope and Aspect Using Gridded DEMs.” . Cartographica , 29 ( 1 ) : 22 – 34 .
   Google Scholar
• Cheng , Q. , Russell , H. , Sharpe , D. , Kenny , F. and Qin , P. 2001 . “GIS-Based Statistical and Fractal/Multifractal Analysis of Surface Stream Patterns in the Oak Ridges Moraine.” . Computers and Geoscience , 27 ( 5 ) : 513 – 526 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doyle , M. W. 2003 . Use of GIS Analysis for Determination of Watershed Stream Order and Other Watershed Geomorphological Parameters. Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University Available from:http://pasture.ecn.purdue.edu/∼engelb/agen526/projects/doyle/doyle.html (Accessed July 2003)
   Google Scholar
• Eastman , J. R. 1999 . Idrisi 32. Clark Labs, Clark University, Worcester, MA
   Google Scholar
• Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. 1996 . ArcView Redlands , CA
   Google Scholar
• Fung , K. , ed. 1999 . Atlas of Saskatchewan Saskatoon : University of Saskatchewan .
   Google Scholar
• Garbrecht , J. and Martz , L. W. 1993 . “Network and Subwatershed Parameters Extracted from Digital Elevation Models: The Bills Creek Experience.” . Water Resources Bulletin , 29 ( 6 ) : 909 – 916 .
   Google Scholar
• Garbrecht , J. and Martz , L. W. 1997 . “The Assignment of Drainage Direction Over Flat Surfaces in Raster Digital Elevation Models.” . Journal of Hydrology , 193 : 204 – 213 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garbrecht , J. and Martz , L. W. 2000 . TOPAZ User Manual and Overview Agriculture Research Service, USDA . Available from:http://grl.ars.usda.gov/topaz/TOPAZ1.HTM (Accessed May 2003)
   Google Scholar
• Grajczyk , M. 2003 . Personal Communication. Sask Watershed Authority
   Google Scholar
• Han , L. 1997 . “Spectral Reflectance with Varying Suspended Sediment Concentrations in Clear and Algae-Laden Waters.” . Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing , 63 ( 6 ) : 701 – 705 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansen , W. F. 2001 . “Identifying Stream Types and Management Implications.” . Forest Ecology and Management , 143 : 39 – 46 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Helmlinger , K. R. , Kumar , P. and Foufoula-Georgia , E. 1993 . “On the Use of Digital Elevation Model Data for Hortonian and Fractal Analyses of Channel Networks.” . Water Resources Research , 29 ( 8 ) : 2599 – 2613 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hjelmfelt , A. T. Jr. 1988 . “Fractals and the River-Length Catchment-Area Ratio.” . Water Resources Bulletin , 24 ( 2 ) : 455 – 459 .
   Google Scholar
• Horton , R. E. 1945 . “Erosional Development of Streams and Their Drainage Basins; Hydrophysical Approach to Quantitative Morphology.” . Geological Society of America Bulletin , 56 : 275 – 370 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Information Service Corporation of Saskatchewan. 2002 . Multi-Participant Pilot Project to Acquire New IRS Satellite Imagery for Saskatchewan
   Google Scholar
• Information Service Corporation of Saskatchewan. 2003 . Maps and Digital Data Products Available from:http://www.isc-online.ca/gis_public/scripts/gis.asp?cfgpage=MAPS_DIGITALDATA (Accessed July 2003)
   Google Scholar
• Jensen , S. K. and Domingue , J. O. 1988 . “Extracting Topographic Structure from Digital Elevation Data for Geographic Information System Analysis.” . Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing , 54 ( 11 ) : 1593 – 1600 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• La Barbera , P. and Rosso , R. 1989 . “On the Fractal Dimension of Stream Networks.” . Water Resources Research , 25 ( 4 ) : 735 – 741 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landis , J. R. and Koch , G. C. 1977 . “The Measurement of Observer Agreement for Categorical Data.” . Biometrics , 33 : 159 – 174 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lorup , E. J. 1999 . “Crosstabulation.” . In Geographie und AngewandteGeoinformatik, Universitat Salzburg http://www.sbg.ac.at/geo/idrisi/wwwtutor/mptools2.htm (Accessed June 2003)
   Google Scholar
• Martz , L. W. and De Jong , E. 1988 . “CATCH: A FORTRAN Program for Measuring Catchment Area from Digital Elevation Models.” . Computers and Geosciences , 14 ( 5 ) : 627 – 640 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martz , L. W. and Garbrecht , J. 1992 . “Numerical Definition of Drainage Network and Subcatchment Areas from Digital Elevation Models.” . Computers and Geosciences , 18 ( 6 ) : 747 – 761 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martz , L. W. and Garbrecht , J. 1998 . “The Treatment of Flat Areas and Depressions in Automated Drainage Analysis of Raster Digital Elevation Models.” . Hydrol. Process. , 12 : 843 – 855 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Remote Sensing Agency. 2003 . General Information - Products Department of Space, Government of India . Available from:http://www.nrsa.gov.in/engnrsa/products/geninformation.html (Accessed August 2003)
   Google Scholar
• Natural Resources Canada. 2003a . Centre for Topographic Information Available from:http://www.cits.nrcan.gc.ca/cit/servlet/CIT/site_id=01andpage_id=1–004.html (Accessed June 2003)
   Google Scholar
• Natural Resources Canada. 2003b . GeoGratis: National Atlas Base Maps Available from:http://geogratis.cgdi.gc.ca/nationalatlas/e_basemaps.html (Accessed August 2003)
   Google Scholar
• O'Callaghan , J. F. and Mark , D. M. 1984 . “The Extraction of Drainage Networks from Digital Elevation Data.” . Computer Vision, Graphics and Image Processing , 28 : 323 – 344 .
   Google Scholar
• Sissons , R. 2003 . Personal Communication. Grasslands National Park
   Google Scholar
• Strahler , A. N. 1952 . “Hypsometric (Area-Altitude Curve) Analysis of Erosional Topography.” . Geological Society of America Bulletin , 63 : 1117 – 1142 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uebersax , J. 2003 . Kappa Coefficients: A Critical Appraisal Available from:http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/jsuebersax/kappa.htm (Accessed June 2003)
   Google Scholar