Colloidal iron and manganese in water affecting RO operation

References

• Ning , R. Y. and Stith , D. 1997 . The iron, silica and organic polymer triangle . Ultrapure Water , 14 ( 3 ) : 30 – 32 .
   Google Scholar
• Ning , R. Y. and Shen , P. T. L. 1998 . Observations from analysis of reverse osmosis membrane foulants . Ultrapure Water , 15 ( 4 ) : 37 – 40 .
   Google Scholar
• Darton , E. G. and Fazel , M. A statistical review of 150 membrane autopsies . Proc. Intern. Water Conf . Paper IWC-01-23 , pp. 157 – 163 . Pittsburgh , PA
   Google Scholar
• Ning , R. Y. 2003 . Process simplification through the use of antiscalants and antifoulants . Ultrapure Water , 20 ( 7 ) : 17 – 20 .
   Google Scholar
• Ning , R. Y. , Troyer , T. L. and Tominello , R. S. 2009 . Antiscalants for near complete recovery of water with tandem RO process . Desal. Wat. Treat , 9 : 92 – 95 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ning , R. Y. and Troyer , T. L. 2009 . Tandem reverse osmosis process for zero-liquid discharge . Desalination , 237 : 238 – 242 .
   Google Scholar
• Ozin , G. A. and Arsenault , A. C. 2005 . Nanochemistry — A Chemical Approach to Nanomaterials , Cambridge , , UK : Royal Society of Chemistry .
   Google Scholar
• Ning , R. Y. , Troyer , T. L. and Tominello , R. S. 2005 . Chemical control of colloidal fouling of reverse osmosis systems . Desalination , 172 : 1 – 6 .
   Google Scholar
• Ning , R. Y. and Troyer , T. L. 2007 . Colloidal fouling of RO membranes following MF/UF in the reclamation of municipal wastewater . Desalination , 208 : 232 – 237 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soffer , Y. , Gilron , J. and Adin , A. 2002 . Streaming potential and SEM–EDX study of UF membranes fouled by colloidal iron . Desalination , 146 : 115 – 121 .
   Google Scholar
• Yiantsiois , S. G. and Karabelas , A. J. 2002 . An assessment of the Silt Density Index based on RO membrane colloidal fouling experiments with iron oxide particles . Desalination , 151 : 229 – 238 .
   Google Scholar
• Cullimore , D. R. and McCann , A. E. 1977 . “ The identification, cultivation and control of iron bacteria in ground water ” . In Aquatic Microbiology , Edited by: Skinner , F. A. and Shewan , J. M. New York , NY : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Starkey , R. L. 1945 . Transformation of iron by bacteria in water . J. AWWA , 37 : 963
   Google Scholar
• Ghiorse , W. C. 1984 . Biology of iron and manganese depositing bacteria . Annu. Rev. Microbiol. , 38 : 515
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolfe , R. S. 1960 . Microbial concentration of iron and manganese in water with low concentrations of these elements . J. AWWA , 52 : 1335
   Google Scholar
• Chapnick , S. D. , Moore , W. S. and Nealson , K. H. 1982 . Microbially mediated manganese oxidation in a fresh water lake . Limnology Oceanography , 27 : 1004 – 1014 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nealson , K. H. , Tebo , B. M. and Rosson , R. A. 1988 . Occurrence and mechanisms of microbial oxidation of manganese . Adv. Appl. Microbiol. , 33 : 299 – 318 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amman , J. 1995 . Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality , Vol. 1 , WHO .
   Google Scholar
• Bohn , H. L. , McNeal , B. L. and O'Connor , G. A. 2001 . Soil Chemistry , 3rd ed. , New York , NY : John Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Gregory , D. and Carlson , K. 2003 . Effect of soluble Mn concentration on oxidation kinetics . J AWWA , 95 ( 1 ) : 98 – 108 .
   Google Scholar
• Sung , W. and Forbes , E. J. 1984 . Some considerations on iron removal . J. Environ. Eng. , 110 ( 6 ) : 1048
   Google Scholar
• Clark , F. M. , Scott , R. M. and Bone , E. 1967 . Heterotrophic iron-precipitating bacteria . J. AWWA , 59 ( 8 ) : 1036
   Google Scholar
• Wolfe , R. S. 1958 . Cultivation, morphology, and classification of the iron bacteria . J. AWWA , 50 : 1241
   Google Scholar
• El-Manharawy , S. and Hafez , A. 2004 . Could seawater be under saturation and acidic? . Desalination , 165 : 43 – 69 .
   Google Scholar
• Stumm , W. and Morgan , J. J. 1996 . Aquatic Chemistry , 3rd ed. , 646 – 649 . New York , NY : John Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Liebau , F. 1985 . Structural Chemistry of Silicates , New York , NY : Springer-Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Dart , F. J. and Foley , P. D. 1970 . Preventing iron deposition with sodium silicate . J. AWWA , 62 ( 10 ) : 663
   Google Scholar
• Baun , D. L. and Christensen , T. H. 2004 . Speciation of heavy metals in landfill leachate: a review . Waste Manage. Res. , 22 ( 1 ) : 3 – 23 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langmuir , D. 1969 . Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. US , 650-C : C224
   Google Scholar
• Wolthoorn , A. , Temminghoff , E. J. and van Riemsdijk , W. H. 2004 . Effect of synthetic iron colloids on the microbiological NH4 + removal process during ground water purification . Water Res. , 38 ( 7 ) : 1884 – 1892 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McCarthy , J. F. and Zachara , J. M. 1989 . Subsurface transport of contaminants . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 23 ( 5 ) : 496
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCarthy , J. F. and McKay , L. D. 2004 . Colloid transport in the subsurface: past, present, and future challenges . Vadose Zone J. , 3 : 326
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ranville , J. F. , Chittleborough , D. J. and Beckett , R. 2005 . Particle-size and element distributions of soil colloids: Implications for colloid transport . Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. , 69 : 1173
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanti Sen , T. and Khilar , K. C. 2006 . Review on subsurface colloids and colloid-associated contaminant transport in saturated porous media . Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. , 119 ( 2–3 ) : 71 – 96 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Knocke , W. R. , Van Benschoten , J. E. , Kearney , M. J. , Soborski , A. W. and Reckhow , D. A. 1991 . Kinetics of manganese and iron oxidation by potassium permanganate and chlorine dioxide . J. AWWA , 83 ( 6 ) : 80 – 87 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Benschoten , J. E. and Lin , W. 1992 . Kinetic modeling of manganese(II) oxidation by chlorine dioxide and potassium permanganate . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 26 : 1327 – 1333 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilczak , A. , Knocke , W. R. , Hubel , R. E. and Aieta , E. M. 1993 . Manganese control during ozonation of water containing organic compounds . J. AWWA , 85 ( 10 ) : 98 – 104 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlson , K. H. , Knocke , W. R. and Gertig , K. R. 1997 . Optimizing treatment through Fe and Mn fractionation . J. AWWA , 69 ( 4 ) : 162 – 171 .
   Google Scholar
• Gregory , D. and Carlson , K. 2003 . Effect of soluble Mn concentration on oxidation kinetics . J. AWWA , 95 ( 1 ) : 98 – 108 .
   Google Scholar
• Maleki , A. , Roshani , B. and Karakani , F. 2005 . Study on the efficiency of the different units for removing metallic ions in Isfahan water treatment plant . J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage. , 9 ( 2 ) : 61 – 64 .
   Google Scholar
• Sallanko , J. , Lakso , E. and Lehmikangas , M. 2005 . The effect of ozonation on the size fractions of manganese . Ozone: Sci. Eng. , 27 ( 2 ) : 147 – 152 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liang , L. and Morgan , J. J. 1990 . Chemical aspects of iron oxide coagulation in water: laboratory studies and implications for natural systems . Aquatic Sci. , 52 ( 1 ) : 1615 – 1621 .
   Google Scholar
• Benefield , L. D. and Judkins , J. F. 1982 . “ Iron and manganese removal ” . In Process Chemistry for Water and Wastewater Treatment , New York , NY : Prentice-Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Montgomery , J. M. 1985 . Water Treatment Principles and Design , New York , NY : John Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Bene , P. and Steinnes , E. 1974 . In situ dialysis for the determination of the state of trace elements in natural waters . Water Res. , 8 : 947 – 953 .
   Google Scholar
• Krom , M. D. 1978 . On the dissociation of iron and manganese with organic matter in anoxic marine pore waters . Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta , 42 : 607 – 611 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borg , H. 1987 . Fractionation of Metals in Water, Sediment, and Soil Systems , Edited by: Landner , L. Berlin : Springer-Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Faulkner , S. P. , Gambrell , R. P. and Ashby , S. L. January 1996 . Analytical methods for iron and manganese determinations in reservoir tailwaters: laboratory investigations , Water Quality Technical Note PD-01 January , US Army Corps of Engineers .
   Google Scholar
• Morgan , J. J. and Stumm , W. 1965 . Analytical chemistry of aqueous manganese . J. AWWA , 58 : 107 – 119 .
   Google Scholar
• Nakamura , S. , Ito , Y. and Sone , K. 1996 . Determination of an iron suspension in water by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy with two sequential laser pulses . Anal. Chem. , 68 ( 17 ) : 2981
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee , K. and Clydesdale , F. M. 1979 . Quantitative determination of the elemental, ferrous, ferric, soluble and complexed iron in foods . J. Food Sci. , 44 ( 2 ) : 549
   Google Scholar
• Zacheis , A. 2006 . “ A bench-scale approach to optimize of reverse osmosis systems treating silica and iron bearing groundwater ” . In AWWA Inorganic Contaminants Workshop Austin , TX
   Google Scholar
• Kartinen , E. Jr. and Martin , C. 2003 . Solving Morro Bay's seawater reverse osmosis plant's iron problem . Membrane Technology Conf. Proc . March 2–5 2003 , Atlanta , GA . AWWA .
   Google Scholar
• Mann , M. A. , Thomson , D. , Jabari , E. and Rohe , D. 2002 . Microfiltration and ultrafiltration: novel pretreatments for iron and manganese removal from a reverse osmosis feedwater . Water Quality Technology Conf. AWWA . November 10–14 2002 , Seattle , WA .
   Google Scholar
• Yallaly , B. , Bergman , R. , Fuerst , B. and Foster , R. 2001 . Process selection and design of a dual-membrane treatment plant treating brackish surface water . Annual Conf. Proc . June 17–21 2001 , Washington , DC . AWWA .
   Google Scholar