Communication and decision making for patients with end stage diseases in an acute care setting

References

• Ashby, M., Maddocks, L., Reynolds, C., Roder, D., Stoffell, B., Beilby, J., & Wakefield, M.(1991). Care of Terminally Ill Patients: General Practitioners’ Views and Experiences, Report prepared for the South Australian Parliamentary Select Committee on the Law and Practice Relating to Death and Dying, November 1991.
   Google Scholar
• Ashby, M,. & Stoffell, B. (1991). Therapeutic ratio and defined phases: proposal of ethical framework for palliative care. British Medical Journal, June 302(1): 1322–1344.
   Google Scholar
• Beth Israel Medical Center (1999). Palliative Care for Advanced disease (PCAD) Unit reference Manual. Continuum Health Partners. http://www.stoppain.org/for_professionals/content/PCAD/pcad2.asp [Accessed 30 March 2006].
   Google Scholar
• Brown, M. (2003).The law and practice associated with advance directives in Canada and Australia: Similarities, differences and debates. Journal of Law and Medicine 11: 1–23.
   Google Scholar
• Carline, J., Curtis, J., Weinrich, M., Shannon, S., Ambrozy, D., & Ramsey, P. (2003). Physicians interactions with healthcare teams and systems in the care of dying patients: perspectives of dying patients, family members and healthcare professionals. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 25(1): 19–28.
   Google Scholar
• Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care. (2000). National Palliative Care Strategy: A National framework for palliative care service. Canberra.
   Google Scholar
• Cringles, M. (2002). Developing an integrated pathway to manage cancer pain across primary secondary and tertiary care. International Journal of Palliative Nursing 8(5): 247–55.
   Google Scholar
• Curtis, R., Weinrich, M., Carline, J., Shannon, S., Ambrozy, D., & Ramsey, P. (2001). Understanding physicians skills at providing end of life care: perspectives of patients, families and health care workers. Journal of Internal Medicine 16(1): 41–49.
   Google Scholar
• Emanual, E, & Emanuel, D. (1992). Four models of physician–patient relationship Journal of the American Medical Association 267: 2221–6.
   Google Scholar
• Field, D., & Addington-Hall, J. (1999). Extending specialist palliative care to all? Social Science and Medicine 48: 1271–1280.
   Google Scholar
• Fowell, A., Finlay, I., Johnstone, R., & Minto, L. (2002). An integrated care pathway for the last 2 days of life: Wales-wide benchmarking in palliative care. International Journal of Palliative Nursing 8(12): 566–73.
   Google Scholar
• Froggatt, K. (2000). Palliative care education in nursing homes. Abridged report of an evaluation for Macmillan Cancer Relief, UK.
   Google Scholar
• Grbich, C., Maddocks, I., Parker, D., Piller, N., Brown, M., & Willis, E. (2003). Palliative care in aged care facilities for residents with a non-cancer diagnosis. Canberra: National Health and Medical Research Council publication.
   Google Scholar
• Grbich, C., Maddocks, I., Parker, D., Piller, N., Brown., M., Willis, E. and Hoffmeyer, A. (2005) Identification of patients with non cancer diseases for palliative care services Palliative and Supportive Care 3, 5–14. (Online Journal) March http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayIssue?jid=PAX&volumeId=3&issueId=01 [Accessed 30 March 2006].
   Google Scholar
• Hall P., Schroder, C., & Weaver, L. (2002).The last 48 hours of life in long-term care: A focused chart audit. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 50: 501–506.
   Google Scholar
• Hart, B., Sainsbury, P., & Short., S. (1998).Whose dying? A sociological critique of the ‘good death’ Mortality 3(1): 65–77.
   Google Scholar
• Maddocks, I. (1993) Good palliative care orders. Palliative Medicine 7: 35–37.
   Google Scholar
• Maddocks., I. & Parker., D. 2001. Palliative care in nursing homes. In: Palliative Care for Non-Cancer Patients (Eds, J.A. Addington-Hall and I. J. Higginson) Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 147–157.
   Google Scholar
• Middlewood, S., Gardner, G., & Gardner, A. (2001). Dying in hospital : medical failure or natural outcome? Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 22(6): 1035–41.
   Google Scholar
• Mills, M., Davies, H., Macrae, W. (1994) Care of dying patients in hospital, The British Medical Journal 309, 583–586. Reprinted in Monash Bioethics Review 1996 15(l): 11–19.
   Google Scholar
• NHS Executive (1996). A Policy Framework for Commissioning Cancer Services: Palliative Care Services. EL(96)85: NHS Executive.
   Google Scholar
• Palliative Care Australia (1999). Standards for Palliative Care Provision. Canberra: AGPS.
   Google Scholar
• Pincombe, J., Ballantyne, A., Brown, M., Thome, D., & McCutcheon, H. (1998). The Care of Dying Patients in the Acute Care Setting. University of South Australia.
   Google Scholar
• Shanley, C., & Wall, S. (2004). Promoting patient autonomy and communication through advance care planning: a challenge for nurses in Australia. Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing 21(3): 32–8.
   Google Scholar
• Sidell, M,, Katz, J., Komaromy, C.(1997). Death and dying in residential and nursing homes for older people: examining the case for palliative care. Report for the Department of Health. Milton Keynes: Open University.
   Google Scholar
• Terhikki, M., Alaviuhkola, R., & Pietila, A. (2001).The contribution of the ‘Good’ Palliative care to quality if life in dying patients: Family members’ perceptions. Journal of Family Nursing 7(3): 261–280.
   Google Scholar
• Ternestedtm, B., Andershed, B., Eriksson, M., & Johnsson, I, (2002) A good death: development of a nursing model of care. Journal of Hospice and Palliative Nursing 4(3): 153–159.
   Google Scholar
• Wakefield, M., & Ashby, M., (1992) Attitudes of Bereaved Relatives to Terminal Care in South Australia, Report prepared for the South Australian Parliamentary Select Committee on the Law and Practice Relating to Death and Dying, March.
   Google Scholar
• Wales, S., (2003). Integrated care pathways: what are they and how can they be used? Clinical Governance Bulletin 4(2): 2–4 July.
   Google Scholar