References
- Abel, T. (2007). Cultural capital in health promotion. In D. McQueen, I. Kickbusch, L. Potvin, J. Pelikan, L. Balbo, & T. Abel (Eds.), Health and modernity: The role of theory in health promotion. New York, NY: Springer.
- Appadurai, A. (1996). Modernity at large: Cultural dimensions of globalization. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
- Arnould, E. J., & Thompson, C. J. (2005). Consumer culture theory (CCT): Twenty years of research. Journal of Consumer Research, 31, 868–882.
- Astin, J. (1998). Why patients use alternative medicine: Results of a national study. Journal of the American Medical Association, 279(19), 1548–1560.
- Barofsky, I. (1978). Compliance, adherence and the therapeutic alliance: Steps in the development of self-care. Social Science and Medicine, 12, 369–376.
- Beck, U. (1992). Risk society: Towards a new modernity. London, England: Sage.
- Beck, U. (2004). Cosmopolitical realism: On the distinction between cosmopolitanism in philosophy and the social science. Global Networks, 4(2), 131–156.
- Benfield, H., & Korngold, E. (1991). Between heaven and earth: A guide to Chinese medicine. New York, NY: Ballantine Books.
- Bourdieu, P. (1978). Sport and social class. Social Science Information, 12(6), 819–840.
- Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction: A social critique of the judgment of taste. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Bourdieu, P. (1998). Practical reason: On the theory of action. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
- Bourdieu, P., & Passeron, J. C. (1977). Reproduction in education, society and culture. London, England: Sage.
- Bourdieu, P., & Wacquant, L. (1992). An invitation to reflexive sociology. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
- Cockerham, W. C. (2005). Health lifestyle theory and the convergence of agency and structure. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 46(1), 51–67.
- Cockerham, W. C., Rütten, A., & Abel, T. (1997). Conceptualising contemporary health lifestyles: Moving beyond Weber. The Sociological Quarterly, 38(2), 321–342.
- Conrad, P. (1994). Wellness as virtue: Mortality and the pursuit of health. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 8(3), 385–401.
- Coulter, I. D. (2004). Integration and paradigm clash: The practical difficulties of integrative medicine. In P. Tovey, J. Adams, & G. Easthope (Eds.), The mainstreaming of complementary and alternative medicine. London, England: Routledge.
- Crossley, N. (2001). The social body: Habit, identity and desire. London, England: Sage.
- Dean, K. (1981). Self-care responses to illness: A selected review. Social Science and Medicine, 15A, 673–687.
- Douglas, M. (1966). Purity and danger: An analysis of the concepts of pollution and taboo. London, England: Routledge.
- Dubos, R. J. (1959). Mirage of health: Utopias, progress, and biological change. New York, NY: Harper.
- Eskinazi, D. P. (1998). Factors that shape alternative medicine. Journal of the American Medical Association, 280(18), 1621–1625.
- Foucault, M. (1975). The birth of the clinic: An archaeology of medical perception. New York, NY: Vintage.
- Foucault, M. (1978). The history of sexuality: An introduction (Vol. 1). New York, NY: Vintage.
- Foucault, M. (1986). The history of sexuality: The care of the self (Vol. 3). New York, NY: Vintage.
- Foucault, M. (1987). The ethic of care for the self as a practice of freedom. In J. Bernauer & D. Rasmussen (Eds.), The final Foucault. Boston, MA: The MIT Press.
- Foucault, M. (1990). An aesthetics of existence. In L. Kritzman (Ed.), Michel Foucault: Politics, philosophy, culture. New York, NY: Routledge.
- Frank, A. (1991). For a sociology of the body: An analytical review. In M. Featherstone, M. Hepworth, & B. Turner (Eds.), The body: Social processes and cultural theory. London, England: Sage.
- Frank, A. (2002). What’s wrong with medical consumerism? In S. Henderson & A. Peterson (Eds.). Consuming health: The commodification of health care. New York, NY: Routledge.
- Freund, P. E. S., McGuire, M. B., & Podhurst, L. S. (2003). Health, illness and the social body (4th ed.). London, England: Prentice Hall.
- Fries, C. J. (2005). Ethnocultural space and the symbolic negotiation of alternative as ‘cure’. Canadian Ethnic Studies, 37, 87–100.
- Fries, C. J. (2008). Governing the health of the hybrid self: Integrative medicine, neoliberalism, and the shifting biopolitics of subjectivity. Health Sociology Review, 17(4), 353–367.
- Fries, C. J. (2009). Bourdieu’s reflexive sociology as a theoretical basis for mixed methods research: An application to complementary and alternative medicine. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 3, 326–348.
- Fulder, S. (1996). The handbook of alternative and complementary medicine. London, England: Oxford University Press.
- Gartman, D. (1991). Culture as class symbolisation or mass reification? A critique of Bourdieu’s Distinction. American Journal of Sociology, 97(2), 421–447.
- Hare, M. L. (1993). The emergence of an urban U.S. Chinese medicine. Medical Anthropology Quarterly, 7, 30–49.
- Holt, D. B. (1997a). Distinction in America? Recovering Bourdieu’s theory of tastes from its critics. Poetics, 25(2), 93–120.
- Holt, D. B. (1997b). Poststructuralist lifestyle analysis: Conceptualising the social patterning of consumption. Journal of Consumer Research, 23, 326–350.
- Holt, D. B. (1998). Does cultural capital structure American consumption? Journal of Consumer Research, 25, 1–25.
- Holt, D. B. (2000). Postmodern markets. In J. Cohen & J. Rogers (Eds.), Do Americans shop too much? Boston, MA: Beacon.
- Holt, D. B. (2002). Why do brands cause trouble? A dialectical theory of consumer culture and branding. Journal of Consumer Research, 29, 70–90.
- Levin, L., Katz, A., & Holst, E. (1976). Self-care: Lay initiatives in health. New York, NY: Prodist.
- Lewontin, R. C. (1991). Biology as ideology: The doctrine of DNA. Toronto, ON: Anansi.
- Lupton, D. (1998). Risk. London, England: Routledge.
- Merleau-Ponty, M. (1962). Phenomenology of perception (C. Smith, Trans.). London, England: Routledge.
- O’Sullivan, S., & Stakelum, A. (2004). Lay understandings of health: A qualitative study. In I. Shaw & K. Kauppinen (Eds.), Constructions of health and illness: European perspectives. Aldershot, England: Ashgate.
- Papastergiadis, N. (2000). The turbulence of migration. Cambridge, England: Polity Press.
- Park, J. (2005). Use of alternative health care. Health Reports, 16, 39–42.
- Pitts, V. (2000). Visibly queer: Body techniques and sexual politics. The Sociological Quarterly, 41(3), 443–463.
- Qhah, S. R. (2003). Traditional healing systems and the ethos of science. Social Science and Medicine, 57(10), 1997–2012.
- Rudofsky, B. (1971). The unfashionable human body. New York, NY: Doubleday.
- Ruggie, M. (2004). Marginal to mainstream: Alternative medicine in America. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
- Sampson, P. (1994). The rise of postmodernity. In P. Sampson, V. Samuel, & C. Sugden (Eds.), Faith and modernity. Oxford, England: Regnum.
- Schneirov, M., & Geczik, J. D. (1998). Technologies of the self and the aesthetic project of alternative health. The Sociological Quarterly, 39(3), 435–452.
- Segall, A., & Fries, C. J. (2011). Pursuing health and wellness: Healthy societies, healthy people. Don Mills, ON: Oxford University Press.
- Shilling, C. (2003). The body and social theory. London, England: Sage.
- Stuifenbergen, A. K., Becker, H. A., Ingalsbe, K., & Sands, D. (1990). Perceptions of health among adults with disabilities. Health Values, 14(2), 18–26.
- Taylor, R. (1984). Alternative medicine and the medical encounter in Britain and the United Sates. In J. W. Salmon, (Ed.), Alternative medicines: Popular and policy perspectives. New York, NY: Tavistock.
- Thompson, C. J. (2003). Natural health discourses and the therapeutic production of consumer resistance. The Sociological Quarterly, 44(1), 81–107.
- Thompson, C. J. (2004). Marketplace mythology and discourses of power. Journal of Consumer Research, 31, 62–80.
- Thompson, C. J., & Hirschman, E. C. (1995). Understand the socialised body: A poststructuralist analysis of consumers’ self-conceptions, body images, and self-care practices. Journal of Consumer Research, 22, 139–153.
- Thompson, C. J., Locander, W. B., & Pollio, H. R. (1989). Putting consumer experience back into consumer research: The philosophy and method of existential-phenomenology. Journal of Consumer Research, 16, 133–147.
- Thompson, C. J., & Troester, M. (2002). Consumer value systems in the age of postmodern fragmentation: The case of the natural health microculture. Journal of Consumer Research, 28, 550–571.
- Thoorp, C. J., & Murphy, K. M. (2002). Bourdieu and phenomenology: A critical assessment. Anthropological Theory, 2(2), 185–207.
- Tolle, E. (2004). The power of now. Vancouver, BC: Nameste.
- Tolle, E. (2005). A new earth. Toronto, ON: Penguin.
- Williams, S. J. (1995). Theorising class, health and lifestyles: Can Bourdieu help us? Sociology of Health and Illness, 17(5), 577–604.
- Wolpe, P. R. (1987). Shamans of the metropolis: Holistic physicians and cultural movements in modern medicine (PhD dissertation), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
- Wolpe, P. R. (1994). The dynamics of heresy in a profession. Social Science and Medicine, 39, 1133–1148.
- Ziguras, C. (2004). Self-care: Embodiment, personal autonomy and the shaping of health consciousness. New York, NY: Routledge.