What Determines the Bottom Line for Māori Tourism SMEs?

References

• Aotahi Ltd. (2005) Taking Care of Business: A Guide to Entrepreneurship in Aotearoa (1st Ed). Kalamazoo: Auckland.
   Google Scholar
• Barcham, M. (1998) ‘The Challenges of Urban Māori: reconciling conceptions of indigeneity and a change’. Asia Pacific Viewpoint. 39(3): 303–314.
   Google Scholar
• Barnett, Shirley. (1997) Māori Tourism. Tourism management. 18(7): 471–473.
   Google Scholar
• Brower, D. (1992) Ecotourism – Foundation for Sound Development, in Proceedings of the World Congress on Adventure Travel and Eco-Tourism. (Whistler): The Adventure Travel Society, Englewood: 204–9.
   Google Scholar
• Brundtland Commission. (1987) Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future Transmitted to the General Assembly as an Annex to document A/42/427 — Development and International Co-operation: Environment. United Nations. Oxford University Press: Oxford.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, Boyd. & Monika Winn. (2007) Market imperfections, opportunity and sustainable entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Venturing. 22(1): 29–49.
   Google Scholar
• Certeau, Michel de. (1984) The practice of everyday lift. Berkeley: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Dean, Thomas. & Jeffery McMullen. (2005) Toward a theory of sustainable entrepreneurship: Reducing environmental degradation through entrepreneurial action. Journal of Business Venturing. 22(1): 50–76.
   Google Scholar
• Dees, G. (2001) The Meaning of Social Entrepreneurship. Working Paper, Stanford University. In Dean, Thomas. & Jeffery McMullen. 2005. Toward a theory of sustainable entrepreneurship: Reducing environmental degradation through entrepreneurial action. Journal of Business Venturing. 22(1): 50–76.
   Google Scholar
• Durie, M. (2003) Ngā kahui pou: Launching Māori futures. Wellington, New Zealand: Huia.
   Google Scholar
• Eisenhardt, K. M. (1989) “Building theories from case study research.” Academy of Management Review 14(4): 532–550.
   Google Scholar
• Foley, D. (2000) Successful Indigenous Australian Entrepreneurs: A Case Study Analysis Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies Unit Research Report Series 4. Brisbane: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies Unit, University of Queensland.
   Google Scholar
• Foley, D. (2002) ‘Indigenous Standpoint Theory: an Indigenous epistemology’. Journal of Australian Indigenous Issues. Vol. 5(3): 3–13.
   Google Scholar
• Foley, D. (2003a) ‘A Dichotomy: Indigenous epistemological views’. Journal of Australian Indigenous Issues. 6(3): 13–28.
   Google Scholar
• Foley, D. (2003b) ‘Indigenous Epistemology and Indigenous Standpoint Theory’. Social Alternatives 22(1): 44–52.
   Google Scholar
• Foley, D. (2005) ‘Understanding Indigenous Entrepreneurship: A Case Study Analysis’. An unpublished Doctoral Thesis, University of Queensland.
   Google Scholar
• Foley, D. (2008) Indigenous (Australian) Entrepreneurship? International Journal of Business and Globalisation. Vol. 2 (4): 419–438.
   Google Scholar
• Frederick, Howard. (2004) GEM: New Zealand’s different approach. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business. 1(3-4): 212–222.
   Google Scholar
• Frederick, Howard. & E. Henry. (2004) Innovation and entrepreneurship amongst Pakeha and Māori in New Zealand, in K. Stiles & C. Gailbraith (Eds.) Ethnic Entrepreneurship: Structure and Process. Oxford: Elsevier Science.
   Google Scholar
• Frederick, Ahorangi. Howard. (2005) Growth and change in this year’s Gem in Frederick, Howard. with Graeden Chittock, (2005) Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Aotearoa New Zealand. (GEM). Unitec New Zealand’s Centre for Innovation & Entrepreneurship Research Report Series. 4(1). Auckland: Unitec New Zealand.
   Google Scholar
• Frederick, Howard. with Graeden Chittock, (2005) Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Aotearoa New Zealand. (GEM). Unitec New Zealand’s Centre for Innovation & Entrepreneurship Research Report Series. 4(1). Auckland: Unitec New Zealand.
   Google Scholar
• Glaser, Barney. G. (1992) Basics of Grounded Theory Analysis. Mill Valley, CA: Sociology Press.
   Google Scholar
• Harris, Rob. & Neil Leiper (eds.) (1995) Sustainable Tourism: an Australian Perspective. Butterworth-Heinemann: Chatswood, Australia.
   Google Scholar
• Hipwell, William. T. (2007) Taiwan Aboriginal Tourism: Tanayiku Natural Ecology Park. Annals of Tourism Research. 34(4): 876–897.
   Google Scholar
• Horn, Chrys. (2007) Fostering Rural Māori Tourism Business: A Literature Review. Landcare Research Contract Report: LC0607/123. Foundation for Research, Science and Technology: Wellington. April.
   Google Scholar
• Jones, S. (2007) Te Whakamana Umanga: Enhancing Māori Business Success in Hawke’s Bay. Unpublished research report, Eastern Institute of Technology, Taradale, New Zealand.
   Google Scholar
• Lau. T., T. Man, and I. Chow (2004) Organisational Capabilities and Performance of SME’s in Dynamic and Stable Environments. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation. 5(4): 221–229.
   Google Scholar
• Lele, S. (1991) Sustainable Development: A Critical Review. World Development. 19(6) 607–21.
   Google Scholar
• Lober, D. (1988) Pollution prevention as corporate entrepreneurship [p. Journal Organisational Change Mangement. 11(1): 26–37.
   Google Scholar
• Love, M., & Love, T. (2005) Māori and self-employment. In C. Massey (ed.) Entrepreneurship and small business management in New Zealand. Auckland: Pearson Education New Zealand.
   Google Scholar
• Maaka, R. (1997) The Politics of Diaspora, a paper given at the ‘Treaty of Waitangi: Māori political representation future challenges’ Conference. In Barcham, M. 1998. ‘The Challenges of Urban Māori: reconciling conceptions of indigeneity and social change’. Asia Pacific Viewpoint. 39(3): 303–314.
   Google Scholar
• Māori Tourism Task Force Report. (1987) Task force set up by the Manaakitanga Conference to report to the Minister of Māori Affairs and the Minister of Tourism.
   Google Scholar
• Mahuta, R.T. (1987) Tourism and Culture-the Maaori Case. Hamilton: Centre for Maaori Studies and Research, University of Waikato.
   Google Scholar
• Marchetti, Elena. (2006) The Deep Colonising Practices of the Australian Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody. Journal of Law and Society. 33(3):451–474.
   Google Scholar
• Mazzarol, Tim. (2006) Entrepreneurship & Innovation A Managers Perspective. Tilde University Press: Prahran, Vic.
   Google Scholar
• Mead, Hirini Moko. (2003) Tikanga Māori: Living by Māori Values. Huia Publishers: Wellington.
   Google Scholar
• Mort, G., Weerawardena, J., Carnegie, K., (2003) Social entrepreneurship: toward conceptulization. International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing. 8(1): 76–88.
   Google Scholar
• NZIER New Zealand Institute of Economic Research Inc. (2003) Māori economic development – Te Ohanga Whanaketanga Māori. Wellington, New Zealand Institute of Economic Research. P: 106.
   Google Scholar
• Orbe, Mark. (1998) Constructing Co-Cultural Theory: An Explication of Culture, Power, and Communication. Thousand Oaks. California: Sage Publications, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• O’Riordan, T. (1988) The politics of sustainability. Belhaven Press, London (USA).
   Google Scholar
• Pastakia, A. (1998) Grassroots ecopreneurs: change agents for a sustainable society. Journal of Organisational Change Management. 11(2): 157–173.
   Google Scholar
• Pearce, D., Markandya A., and E.B. Barbier, (1989) Blueprint for a Green Economy, Earthscan, London.
   Google Scholar
• Petersen, H. & S. Schaltegger. (2002) Ecopreneure haben eine Schlüsserlrolle. Umwelt Focus. 6(3): 13–15.
   Google Scholar
• Petrie, Hazel. (2006) Chiefs of Industry: Māori Tribal Enterprise in Early Colonial New Zealand. Auckland University Press: Auckland New Zealand.
   Google Scholar
• Reihana, Franceen., Mihipeka. Sisley, and Helmut. Modlik, 2007. Māori entrepreneurial activity in Aotearoa New Zealand. International Journal Entrepreneurship and Small Business. 4(5): 636–653.
   Google Scholar
• Ryan, Chris. (1997) Maori and Tourism: A Relationship of History, Constitutions and Rites. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. 5(4): 257–278.
   Google Scholar
• Ryan, Chris. (2002) Tourism and Cultural Proximity:Examples from New Zealand.Annals of Tourism Research. 29(4): 952- 971.
   Google Scholar
• Ryan, C., J. Huyton, (2002) Tourists and Aboriginal People. Annals of Tourism Research. 29: 631–647.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, Linda. Tuhiwai. (1999) Decolonizing Methodologies Research and Indigenous Peoples. Dunedin: University of Otago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Springett, D. (2003) Business conceptions of sustainable development: a perspective from critical theory. Business Strategy and the Environment. 12: 71–86.
   Google Scholar
• Stanger, A. (1992) ‘Ethnic Small Business in Australia: A Policy Review and Research Agenda’ Small Enterprise Research: The Journal of SEAANZ. 1(2): 17–31.
   Google Scholar
• Statistics NZ (2002) Census snapshot: Māori http://www.stats.gov.nz/products-andservices/Articles/census-snpsht-maori-Apr02.htm Accessed 3 December 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Strauss, A., and J. Corbin, (1990) Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Strauss, Anselm., and Juliet. Corbin, (1998) Basics of Qualitative Research: techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. (2nd ed.) Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Suzuki, D. (1993) Time to Change. Allen & Unwin: Toronto.
   Google Scholar
• Taylor, John. (2001) Authenticity and Sincerity in Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research. 28(1): 7–26.
   Google Scholar
• Te Puni Kokiri. (2006) Values, Tikanga, Vision Ownership. Investigating Key Māori Business Characteristics for Future measures: Thinking Paper. Te Puni Ko kin: Wellington. http://www.tpk.givt.nz/publications/docs/keybusiness.pdf Accessed 10 January 2008.
   Google Scholar
• Turner, V. (1982) From Ritual to Theatre: The Human Seriousness of Play. New York: PAJ Publications.
   Google Scholar
• UNESCO. (2002) Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity.
   Google Scholar
• Venkataraman, S. (1997) The distinctive domain of entrepreneurship research: an editor’s perspective. In Katz, J., Brockhaus, J. (Eds.). Advances in Entrepreneurship, Firm Emergence, and Growth. JAI Press: Greenwich, CT.
   Google Scholar
• Waldinger, Roger. (1996) Still the Promised City: African-Americans in Post-industrial New York. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Waldinger, Roger. (1993) ‘The two sides of ethnic entrepreneurship’. International Migration Review. 27(3): 692–702.
   Google Scholar
• Waldinger, Roger. (1986a) Through the Eye of the Needle: Immigrants and Enterprise in New York’s Garment Trades. New York and London: NYU Press.
   Google Scholar
• Waldinger, Roger. (1986b) ‘Immigrant Enterprise, A Critique and Reformulation’, Theory and Society. 15: 249–285.
   Google Scholar
• Waldinger, Roger. (1985) ‘Immigration and Industrial Change in the New York City Apparel Industry’ in M. Tienda and G. Borjas, (eds.), Hispanic Workers in the United States Economy, New York: Academic Press. Pp. 323–367.
   Google Scholar
• Warren, J. & C.N. Taylor, (1999) Developing Māori tourism in New Zealand. Wellington, Centre for Research, Evaluation and Social Assessment.
   Google Scholar
• Wolff, James. and Timothy. Pett, (2006) Small-Firm Performance: Modeling the Role of the Product and Process Improvements. Journal of Small Business Management 44(2): 268–284.
   Google Scholar
• Weiss, Robert. S. (1994) Learning From Strangers: The Art and Method of Qualitative Interview Studies. New York: The Free Press (MacMillan).
   Google Scholar
• Wikipedia, (2008) Definition ‘social’ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social Accessed 26 June.
   Google Scholar
• Winiata, Whatarangi, (2005) Forward, in Howard Frederick and Graeden Chittock, Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Aotearoa New Zealand. (GEM). Unitec New Zealand’s Centre for Innovation & Entrepreneurship Research Report Series. 4(1). Auckland: Unitec New Zealand.
   Google Scholar
• Yin, R. K. (2002) Case study research, design and methods. Newbury Park, Saga Publication, 3rd edition.
   Google Scholar
• Zapalska, Alina, Helen Dabb, & Geoff Perry. (2003) Environmental Factors Affecting Entrepreneurial Activities: Indigenous Māori Entrepreneurs of New Zealand. Asia Pacific Business Review. 10(2): 160–177.
   Google Scholar
• Zeppel, H. (2002) Cultural Tourism at the Cowichan Native Village, British Columbia. Journal of Travel Research. 41: 92–100.
   Google Scholar
• Zygadlo, F. K, McIntosh, A., Matunga H.P., Fairweather, J. R., Simmons, D. G. (2003) Māori tourism: concepts, characteristics and definition. Tourism and Recreation Research and Education Centre report 36. Lincoln University: New Zealand.
   Google Scholar
• Zygadlo, F. K, McIntosh, A., Matunga H.P., Fairweather, J. R., Simmons, D. G. (2004) The values associated with Māori-centred tourism in Canterbury. Tourism and Recreation Research and Education Centre report 35. Lincoln University: New Zealand.
   Google Scholar