Improving Climate Literacy With Project-Based Modules Rich in Educational Rigor and Relevance

REFERENCES

• Abdel-Gaid, S., Trueblood, C.R., and Shrigley, R.L. 1986. A systematic procedure for constructing a valid microcomputer attitude scale. Journal of Research in Science Teaching , 23:823–839.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) . 1989. Project 2061: Science for all Americans. Washington, DC: AAAS.
   Google Scholar
• American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) . 1993. Benchmarks for science literacy: I. Achieving science literacy. Project 2061. Washington, DC: AAAS.
   Google Scholar
• American Meteorological Society (AMS) . 2013. Climate science is core to science education. A policy statement of the AMS, adopted by the AMS Executive Committee, 23 May 2013. Available at http://www.ametsoc.org/POLICY/2013climatesciencecorescienceeducation_amsstatement.html (accessed June 2013).
   Google Scholar
• Attari, S.Z., DeKay, M.L., Davidson, C.I., and Bruine de Bruin, W. 2010. Public perceptions of energy consumption and savings. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , 107 (37):16054–16059.
   Google Scholar
• Baker, T.R., and White, S.H. 2003. The effects of G.I.S. on students' attitudes, self-efficacy, and achievement in middle school science classrooms. Journal of Geography , 102 (6):243–254.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bednarz, S.W. 2000. Connecting GIS and problem based learning. In Audet, R., and Ludwig, G., eds., GIS in schools. Redlands, CA: ESRI Press.
   Google Scholar
• Benson, J., and Clark, F. 1982. A guide for instrument development and validation. American Journal of Occupational Therapy , 36 (12):789–800.
   Google Scholar
• Clarkson University. Project-based climate modules. Available at http://www.clarkson.edu/highschool/climate_ed/modules/index.php (accessed 20 July 2013).
   Google Scholar
• Daggett, W.R. 2005. Achieving academic excellence through rigor and relevance. Report prepared by the International Center for Leadership in Education. Available at http://www.leadered.com/pdf/Academic_Excellence.pdf (accessed September 2005).
   Google Scholar
• DeVellis, R.F. 2003. Scale development: Theory and applications, 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• DeWaters, J. 2011. Energy literacy and the broader impacts of energy education among secondary students in New York State [Ph.D. dissertation]. Potsdam, NY: Clarkson University.
   Google Scholar
• DeWaters, J., and Powers, S. 2007. Developing an energy literacy scale. In Proceedings of the 114th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, Honolulu, HI, June 23–28, Paper AC2007-1069. Washington, DC: American Society of Engineering Educators.
   Google Scholar
• DeWaters, J., and Powers, S. 2013. Establishing measurement criteria for an energy literacy questionnaire. Journal of Environmental Education , 44 (1):38–55.
   Google Scholar
• Earth Day Network. Footprint Calculator. Available at http://www.earthday.org/footprint-calculator (accessed 20 July 2013).
   Google Scholar
• Eiss, A., and Harbeck, M. 1969. Behavioral objectives in the affective domain. Washington, DC: National Science Teachers Association.
   Google Scholar
• Elliott, B., Oty, K., Mcarthur, J., and Clark, B. 2001. The effects of an interdisciplinary algebra/science courses on students' problem solving skills, critical thinking skills and attitudes towards mathematics. International Journal of Science and Technology , 32 (6):811–816.
   Google Scholar
• Ellsworth, P., and Ellsworth, J. 2001. Involving students in natural resource decision-making groups. Clearing House , 74 (3):137–140.
   Google Scholar
• Gierke, C.D. 1978. Energy education: Teaching for the future. Man/Society/Technology , 37:6–9.
   Google Scholar
• Hofman, H. 1980. Energy crisis: Schools to the rescue again. School Science and Mathematics , 80:468–478.
   Google Scholar
• Hollweg, K.S., Taylor, J.R., Bybee, R.W., Marcinkowski, T.J., McBeth, W.C., and Zoido, P. 2012. Developing a framework for assessing environmental literacy. Washington, DC: North American Association for Environmental Education. Available at http://www.naaee.net/framework (accessed 20 July 2012).
   Google Scholar
• Hurd, P.D. 1997. Scientific literacy: New minds for a changing world. Science Education , 82:407–416.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hurd, P.D. 2002. Modernizing science education. Journal of Research in Science Teaching , 39 (1):3–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) . 2007. Climate change 2007: Synthesis report. Available at http://www.ipcc/ch/publications_and_data/publications_ipcc_fourth_assessment_report_synthesis_report.htm (accessed July 2009).
   Google Scholar
• Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) . Data Distribution Centre visualisation. Available at http://www.ipcc-data.org/maps/ (accessed 20 July 2013).
   Google Scholar
• Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) . 2013b. Summary for policymakers. In Climate change 2013: The physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ( Stocker, T.F., Qin, D., Plattner, G.-K., Tignor, M., Allen, S.K., Boschung, J., Nauels, A., Xia, Y., Bex, V., and Midgley, P.M., eds.). Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. Available at http://www.climate2013.org/images/uploads/WGI_AR5_SPM_brochure.pdf (accessed 4 December 2013).
   Google Scholar
• Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Working Group III . 2000. Special report on emission scenarios (SRES). Available at http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/special-reports/spm/sres-en.pdf (accessed 7 June 2013).
   Google Scholar
• International Center for Leadership in Education . Rigor/relevance framework. Available at http://www.leadered.com/pdf/R and Rframework.pdf (accessed 1 June 2013).
   Google Scholar
• Iozzi, L.A. 1989. What research says to the educator: I. Environmental education and the affective domain. Journal of Environmental Education , 21 (3):3–9.
   Google Scholar
• Knoke, J.D. 1991. Nonparametric analysis of covariance for comparing change in randomized studies with baseline values subject to error. Biometrics , 47 (2):523–533.
   Google Scholar
• Kucharski, G.A., Rust, J.O., and Ring, T.R. 2005. Evaluation of the ecological, futures, and global (EFG) curriculum: A project-based approach. Education , 125 (4):652.
   Google Scholar
• Kuhn, D.J. 1979. Study of the attitudes of secondary school students toward energy-related issues. Science Education , 63 (5):609–620.
   Google Scholar
• Lambros, A. 2004. Problem-based learning in middle and high school classrooms: A teacher's guide to implementation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
   Google Scholar
• Leiserowitz, A., Maibach, E., Roser-Renouf, C., Feinberg, G., and Howe, P. 2013. Global warming's six Americas, September 2012. New Haven, CT: Yale Project on Climate Change Communication, Yale University and George Mason University. Available at http://environment.yale.edu/climste/publications/Six-Americas-September-2012 (accessed 6 June 2013).
   Google Scholar
• Leiserowitz, A., Smith, N., and Marlon, J.R. 2011. American teens' knowledge of climate change. New Haven, CT: Yale Project on Climate Change Communication, Yale University. Available at http://environment.yale.edu/uploads/american-teens-knowledge-of-climate-change.pdf (accessed 6 June 2013).
   Google Scholar
• Linn, R.L., and Gronlund, N.E. 2000. Measurement and assessment in teaching, 8th ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• McCaffrey, M., Berbeco, M., and Scott, E. 2013. Toward a climate and energy literate society, Recommendations from the Climate and Energy Literacy Summit, Berkeley, CA, 7–9 December 2012. Prepared by the National Center for Science Education. Oakland, CA: National Center for Science Education.
   Google Scholar
• McCain, T. 2005. Teaching for tomorrow: Teaching content and problem-solving skills. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
   Google Scholar
• Miller, J.D. 1983. Scientific literacy: A conceptual and empirical review. Daedalus , 112:29–48.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, J.D. 1998. The measurement of civic scientific literacy. Public Understanding of Science , 7:203–223.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) . Goddard Institute for Space Studies surface temperature analysis. Available at http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/station_data/ (accessed 3 March 2013).
   Google Scholar
• National Research Council (NRC) . 1996. National science education standards. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
   Google Scholar
• National Research Council (NRC) . 2012. A framework for K–12 science education: Practices, crosscutting concepts, and core ideas. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. Available at http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13165 (accessed July 2012).
   Google Scholar
• National Research Council (NRC) . 2013. Next Generation Science Standards. Achieve, Inc. Available at http://www.nextgenscience.org/next-generation-science-standards (accessed June 2013).
   Google Scholar
• Oreskes, N. 2004. The scientific consensus on climate change. Science, 306:1686. Available at http://www.sciencemag.org (accessed July 2012).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Partnership for 21st Century Skills. Learning for the 21st century. Available at http://www.21stcenturyskills.org (accessed May 2012).
   Google Scholar
• Pearson, G., and Young, A.T., eds. 2002. Technically speaking: Why all Americans need to know more about technology. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
   Google Scholar
• Polanco, R., Calderón, P., and Delgado, F. 2004. Effects of a problem-based learning program on engineering students' academic achievements, skills development, and attitudes in a Mexican university. Innovations in Education and Teaching International , 41 (2):145–155.
   Google Scholar
• Powers, S., Dhaniyala, S., DeWaters, J., and Small, M.M. 2013. New project-based instructional modules improve climate literacy (research to practice). In Proceedings of the 120th ASEE Conference and Exposition, Atlanta, GA, June 2013. Washington, DC: American Society of Engineering Educators.
   Google Scholar
• Qaqish, B. 2006. Developing multiple choice tests for social work trainings. Training and Development in Human Services , 3 (1):45–57.
   Google Scholar
• Semken, S., and Butler Freeman, C. 2008. Sense of place in the practice and assessment of place-based science teaching. Science Education , 92:1042–1057.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sovacool, B. 2009. The cultural barriers to renewable energy and energy efficiency in the United States. Technology in Society , 31:365–373.
   Google Scholar
• Statistical Package for Social Sciences . 2008. SPSS Statistics. Version 17 . Armonk, New York: IBM. Available at: http://www-01.ibm.com/software/analytics/spss/
   Google Scholar
• Stern, P.C. 2000. What psychology knows about energy conservation. American Psychologist , 47:1224.
   Google Scholar
• Stevenson, J.A. 1921. The project method of teaching. New York: Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Tedesco, L.P., and Salazar, K.A. 2006. Using environmental service-learning in an urban environment to address water quality issues. Journal of Geoscience Education , 54:123–132.
   Google Scholar
• Torp, L., and Sage, S. 2002. Problems as possibilities: Problem-based learning for K–16 education, 2nd ed. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
   Google Scholar
• Tsangaria, H., and Akritasb, M.G. 2004. Nonparametric ANCOVA with two and three covariates. Journal of Multivariate Analysis , 88:298–319.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Global Change Research Program. 2009 . Climate literacy: The essential principles of climate science, ver. 2. Available at http://www.climate.noaa.gov/education/pdfs/ClimateLiteracy-8.5x11-March09FinalHR.pdf (accessed July 2009).
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Global Change Research Program . 2012. Energy literacy: Essential principles and fundamental concepts for energy education—A framework for energy education for learners of all ages. Available at http://www1.eere.energy.gov/education/energy_literacy.html (accessed April 2013).
   Google Scholar
• van der Hoeven Kraft, K.J., Srogi, L.A., Husman, J., Semken, S., and Fuhrman, M. 2011. Engaging students to learn through the affective doma. Journal of Geoscience Education , 59:71–84.
   Google Scholar
• Wise, S.B. 2010. Climate change in the classroom: Patterns, motivations, and barriers to instruction among Colorado science teachers. Journal of Geoscience Education , 58 (5):297–309.
   Google Scholar
• Zografakis, N., Menegaki, A.N., and Tsagarakis, K.P. 2008. Effective education for energy efficiency. Energy Policy , 36:3226–3232.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar