An overview on the current status of cancer nanomedicines

Abstract

Purpose: Cancer remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality across the globe. A recent report suggests around 14.1 million new cases and 8.2 million cancer-related deaths, which are expected to reach 21.7 million and 13 million by 2030 worldwide, respectively.

Materials and Methods: Because of highly complex mechanisms of cancer progression, it is important to explore and develop new innovative technologies which are more efficient compared with presently available treatment options.

Results: Currently, chemotherapy, radiation and surgery are the most commonly used cancer treatment methods. In the last decade, nanomedicine emerged as an alternative treatment option that uses specific drug-delivery systems, improves efficacy of drugs and reduces detrimental side effects to normal tissues.

Conclusion: In this review, we have summarized cancer nanomedicines (active and passive drug delivery) available in the market. We have also discussed other nanomedicines that are at different stages of clinical trials.

Keywords:

• Cancer
• drug delivery
• nanomedicines
• nanotechnology
• site specific

Transparency

Declaration of funding

This manuscript was not funded.

Declaration of financial/other relationships

N.R.J., K.A., C.K.F., M.O., M.A.K. and S.T. have disclosed that they have no significant relationships with or financial interests in any commercial companies related to this study or article.

CMRO peer reviewers on this manuscript have no relevant financial or other relationships to disclose.

Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the research facilities provided by the King Fahd Medical Research Center (KFMRC), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India. Thanks are also due to Mohammad S. Gazdar (Librarian, KFMRC) for providing assistance with the literature.