Metal-based sulfonamides: Their preparation, characterization and in-vitro antibacterial, antifungal & cytotoxic properties. X-ray structure of 4-[(2-hydroxybenzylidene) amino] benzenesulfonamide

Abstract

Synthesis, characterization and biological studies of Schiff base-derived sulfonamides and their Co (II), Cu (II), Ni (II) and Zn (II) complexes have been reported and screened for in-vitro antibacterial activity against six Gram-negative; E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, P. mirabilis, S. typhi and S. dysenteriae and four Gram-positive; B. cereus, C. diphtheriae, S. aureus and S. pyogenes bacterial strains and for in-vitro antifungal activity against T. longifusus, C. albicans, A. flavus, M. canis, F. solani, and C. glaberata. All compounds showed moderate to significant antibacterial activity, however, the zinc (II) complexes were found to be more active. Some of the compounds also showed significant antifungal activity against various fungal strains. Only compounds (6) and (10) displayed potent cytotoxic activity with LD₅₀ = 4.644 × 10^{− 4} and 4.106 × 10^{− 4} moles/mL respectively, against Artemia salina. The X-ray structure of 4-[(2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino]benzenesulfonamide is also reported.

Keywords::

• Sulfonamides
• Metal complexes
• Antibacterial
• Antifungal
• Cytotoxicity
• X-ray structure

Acknowledgements

The author (ZHC) wishes to thank the Higher Education Commission (HEC), Government of Pakistan for the financial assistance to carry out this research Project No. 20–16/Acad(R&D)/2^nd Phase/03/211. Dr. David Vicic of University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, U.S.A. is acknowledged for his help in the X-ray structure determination. Finally, HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi is also acknowledged for help in undertaking the NMR and biological assays.