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Abstract
The chemotherapy for tuberculosis (TB) is complicated by its long-term treatment, its frequent drug dosing, and the adverse effects of anti-TB drugs. In this study, we have developed two nanocomposites (A and B) by intercalating the anti-TB drug isoniazid (INH) into Zn/Al-layered double hydroxides. The average size of the nanocomposites was found to bê164 nm. The efficacy of the Zn/Al-layered double hydroxides intercalated INH against Mycobacterium tuberculosis was increased by approximately three times more than free INH. The nanocomposites were also found to be active against Gram-positive and -negative bacteria. Compared to the free INH, the nanodelivery formulation was determined to be three times more biocompatible with human normal lung fibroblast MRC-5 cells and 3T3 fibroblast cells at a very high concentration of 50 µg/mL for up to 72 hours. The in vitro release of INH from the Zn/Al-layered double hydroxides was found to be sustained in human body-simulated buffer solutions of pH 4.8 and 7.4. This research is a step forward in making the TB chemotherapy patient friendly.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the Malaysian Higher Education Commission (MOHE), the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation of Malaysia (MOSTI), Dr MH El Sayed, for his in part help in the analysis of TB results, and Northeastern University of Boston, MA, USA. The authors would like to thank University Putra Malaysia for financial support through Vot#9443100 for Dr Mohd Zobir Hussein and the Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA, for funding the antituberculosis experiments for Dr Thomas J Webster and Dr Mohamed Ezzat El Zowalaty.
Disclosure
The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.