Upregulation of N-acetylaspartic Acid Induces Oxidative Stress to Contribute in Disease Pathophysiology

Abstract

N-acetylaspartic acid (NAA) is predominantly present in brain and also present in lower amount in peripheral organs. The role of NAA in pathophysiology is poorly understood. Therefore the review was aimed to understand contribution of NAA in disease process. Amniotic fluid of mothers with Canavan disease (CD) fetus and patients with the disease show increased levels of NAA. Increase of this pathway is also reported in Parkinson's disease and type 2 diabetes. In HIV-related dementia, NAA is affected. Recent studies suggest that upregulation of NAA leads to oxidative stress including upregulation of nitric oxide and reducing potential antioxidants. NAA also leads to physiological abnormalities including walking disorder. These changes suggest that NAA contributes in disease pathophysiology.

KEYWORDS: :

• Canavan disease
• HIV
• N-acetylaspartic acid
• oxidative stress
• Parkinson's disease
• type 2 diabetes
• Withania somnifera