2,430
Views
156
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Opioid receptors and legal highs: Salvia divinorum and Kratom

, &
Pages 146-152 | Received 11 Oct 2006, Accepted 22 Jan 2007, Published online: 20 Jan 2009

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (26)

Seuk Wai Phoong, Seuk Yen Phoong & Ying Jia Yeoh. (2022) Kratom: A Bibliometric Analysis of Scientific Publications. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 0:0, pages 1-9.
Read now
Megan Webb & O. Hayden Griffin$suffix/text()$suffix/text(). (2020) A Mild Panic? Media Accounts of Kratom. Deviant Behavior 41:10, pages 1258-1267.
Read now
Justin P. Reinert, Kayla Colunga, Alexandria Etuk, Victoria Richardson & Rebecca L. Dunn. (2020) Management of overdoses of salvia, kratom, and psilocybin mushrooms: a literature review. Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology 13:8, pages 847-856.
Read now
Cornel N. Stanciu, Samantha A. Gnanasegaram, Saeed Ahmed & Thomas Penders. (2019) Kratom Withdrawal: A Systematic Review with Case Series. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 51:1, pages 12-18.
Read now
Darshan Singh$suffix/text()$suffix/text(), Suresh Narayanan$suffix/text()$suffix/text(), Christian P. Müller$suffix/text()$suffix/text(), Balasingam Vicknasingam$suffix/text()$suffix/text(), Murat Yücel$suffix/text()$suffix/text(), Eric Tatt Wei Ho$suffix/text()$suffix/text(), Zurina Hassan$suffix/text()$suffix/text() & Sharif Mahsufi Mansor$suffix/text()$suffix/text(). (2019) Long-Term Cognitive Effects of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) Use. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 51:1, pages 19-27.
Read now
Charles R Caffrey & Patrick M Lank. (2018) When good times go bad: managing ‘legal high’ complications in the emergency department. Open Access Emergency Medicine 10, pages 9-23.
Read now
Khadija Tayabali, Colin Bolzon, Paul Foster, Janki Patel & Mohammad Omar Kalim. (2018) Kratom: a dangerous player in the opioid crisis. Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives 8:3, pages 107-110.
Read now
O. Hayden Griffin & Megan E. Webb. (2018) The Scheduling of Kratom and Selective Use of Data. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 50:2, pages 114-120.
Read now
Christian Ghanem, Ingo Kollar, Frank Fischer, Thomas R. Lawson & Sabine Pankofer. (2018) How do social work novices and experts solve professional problems? A micro-analysis of epistemic activities and the use of evidence. European Journal of Social Work 21:1, pages 3-19.
Read now
Filip M. Wiecko, William E. Thompson & Bryan P. Parham. (2017) A High By Any Other Name: Exploring the Motivations for Consumption of “Legal Highs”. Deviant Behavior 38:5, pages 549-560.
Read now
O. Hayden Griffin$suffix/text()$suffix/text(), Jace A. Daniels & Elizabeth A. Gardner. (2016) Do You Get What You Paid For? An Examination of Products Advertised as Kratom. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 48:5, pages 330-335.
Read now
Satariya Trakulsrichai, Korbtham Sathirakul, Saranya Auparakkitanon, Jatupon Krongvorakul, Jetjamnong Sueajai, Nantida Noumjad, Chonlaphat Sukasem & Winai Wananukul. (2015) Pharmacokinetics of mitragynine in man. Drug Design, Development and Therapy 9, pages 2421-2429.
Read now
Darshan Singh, Christian P. Müller, Balasingam K. Vicknasingam & Sharif M. Mansor. (2015) Social Functioning of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) Users in Malaysia. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 47:2, pages 125-131.
Read now
Satariya Trakulsrichai, Achara Tongpo, Charuwan Sriapha, Sunun Wongvisawakorn, Panee Rittilert, Sming Kaojarern & Winai Wananukul. (2013) Kratom Abuse in Ramathibodi Poison Center, Thailand: A Five-Year Experience. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 45:5, pages 404-408.
Read now
MathiasB. Forrester. (2013) Kratom Exposures Reported to Texas Poison Centers. Journal of Addictive Diseases 32:4, pages 396-400.
Read now
Anette Kjellgren & Kristoffer Jonsson. (2013) Methoxetamine (MXE) – A Phenomenological Study of Experiences Induced by a “Legal High” from the Internet. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 45:3, pages 276-286.
Read now
Catherine Ulbricht, Dawn Costa, Julie Dao, Richard Isaac, Yvonne C. LeBlanc, Jenna Rhoades & Regina C. Windsor. (2013) An Evidence-Based Systematic Review of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration. Journal of Dietary Supplements 10:2, pages 152-170.
Read now
Pegah Afra, Jeffrey Anderson, Michael Funke, Michael Johnson, Fumisuke Matsuo, Tawnya Constantino & Judith Warner. (2012) Neurophysiological investigation of idiopathic acquired auditory–visual synesthesia. Neurocase 18:4, pages 323-329.
Read now
Luis Fornazzari, Corinne E. Fischer, Lee Ringer & Tom A. Schweizer. (2012) “Blue is music to my ears”: Multimodal synesthesias after a thalamic stroke. Neurocase 18:4, pages 318-322.
Read now
Li-Tzy Wu, George E Woody, Chongming Yang, Jih-Heng Li & Dan G Blazer. (2011) Recent national trends in Salvia divinorum use and substance-use disorders among recent and former Salvia divinorum users compared with nonusers. Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation 2, pages 53-68.
Read now
J. J. Breton, C. Huynh, S. Raymond, R. Labelle, N. Bonnet, D. Cohen & J. M. Guilé. (2010) Prolonged hallucinations and dissociative self mutilation following use of Salvia divinorum in a bipolar adolescent girl. Journal of Substance Use 15:2, pages 113-117.
Read now
Pegah Afra, Michael Funke & Fumisuke Matsuo. (2009) Acquired auditory-visual synesthesia: A window to early cross-modal sensory interactions. Psychology Research and Behavior Management 2, pages 31-37.
Read now
Fabrizio Schifano, Ornella Corazza, Paolo Deluca, Zoe Davey, Lucia Di Furia, Magi' Farre'Liv Flesland, Miia Mannonen, Stefania Pagani, Teuvo Peltoniemi, Cinzia Pezzolesi, Norbert Scherbaum, Holger Siemann, Arvid Skutle, Marta Torrens & Peer Van Der Kreeft. (2009) Psychoactive drug or mystical incense? Overview of the online available information on Spice products. International Journal of Culture and Mental Health 2:2, pages 137-144.
Read now
Lukasz M. Kutrzeba, Vardan T. Karamyan, Robert C. Speth, John S. Williamson & Jordan K. Zjawiony. (2009) In vitro studies on metabolism of salvinorin A. Pharmaceutical Biology 47:11, pages 1078-1084.
Read now
O. Hayden Griffin, Bryan Lee Miller & DavidN. Khey. (2008) Legally High? Legal Considerations of Salvia divinorum . Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 40:2, pages 183-191.
Read now

Articles from other publishers (130)

Miroslav Pohanka & Josef Fusek. (2023) KRATOM AND ITS EFFECTS ON AN ORGANISM. Military Medical Science Letters 92:4, pages 298-303.
Crossref
Oliver Grundmann, Katherine Hill, Everest Al Barzanji, Nilofar Ghulam Hazrat, Gurnoor Kaur, Ryan Einstein Negeve, Soren Shade, Sam Weber & Charles A. Veltri. (2023) Correlations of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) tea bag preparations and reported pharmacological effects. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 317, pages 116779.
Crossref
Tao Che & Bryan L. Roth. (2023) Molecular basis of opioid receptor signaling. Cell 186:24, pages 5203-5219.
Crossref
Shajeda Ahmed, Quoc Vinh Tran & Mary McLean. (2023) The Great Imitator: A Case of Accidental Kratom Overdose. Cureus.
Crossref
Anders Helander & Alexia Rylski. (2022) Drug testing for mitragynine and kratom: Analytical challenges and medico‐legal considerations. Drug Testing and Analysis 15:2, pages 213-219.
Crossref
Wan Shakira Rodzlan Hasani, Tania Gayle Robert Lourdes, Shubash Shander Ganapathy, Nur Liana Ab Majid, Hamizatul Akmal Abd Hamid & Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff. (2023) Patterns of polysubstance use among adults in Malaysia—A latent class analysis. PLOS ONE 18:1, pages e0264593.
Crossref
Nisa Leksungnoen, Tushar Andriyas, Chatchai Ngernsaengsaruay, Suwimon Uthairatsamee, Phruet Racharak, Weerasin Sonjaroon, Roger Kjelgren, Brian J. Pearson, Christopher R. McCurdy & Abhisheak Sharma. (2022) Variations in mitragynine content in the naturally growing Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) population of Thailand. Frontiers in Plant Science 13.
Crossref
David P. Luke, Laura Lungu, Ross Friday & Devin B. Terhune. (2022) The chemical induction of synaesthesia. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental 37:4.
Crossref
Chad HartleyIIII, Marilyn Bulloch & Scott R. Penzak. (2022) Clinical Pharmacology of the Dietary Supplement Kratom ( Mitragyna speciosa ) . The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 62:5, pages 577-593.
Crossref
Ling Ling Choo, Muhammad Muhsin Ahmad Zahari, Seng Kit Choy, Naemah Abdul Rahim & Rusdi Abd Rashid. (2022) The Prevalence and Psychosocial Correlates of Ketum (Mitragyna speciosa) Use among Individuals on Methadone Maintenance Therapy Programme in Hospital Taiping, Malaysia. Healthcare 10:4, pages 746.
Crossref
Bianka Várnai, Ferenc Zsila, Zoltán Szakács, Zsófia Garádi, Milo Malanga & Szabolcs Béni. (2022) Sulfobutylation of Beta-Cyclodextrin Enhances the Complex Formation with Mitragynine: An NMR and Chiroptical Study. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23:7, pages 3844.
Crossref
Natasha Tobarran, Carl Wolf, Kirk L. Cumpston & Brandon K. Wills. (2022) Pressure Necrosis Requiring Fasciotomy After Kratom Overdose. Journal of Addiction Medicine 16:2, pages 252-253.
Crossref
Norsyifa Harun, Nur Azzalia Kamaruzaman, Zarif Mohamed Sofian & Zurina Hassan. (2022) Mini review: Potential therapeutic values of mitragynine as an opioid substitution therapy. Neuroscience Letters 773, pages 136500.
Crossref
Islamudin Ahmad, Wisnu Cahyo Prabowo, Muhammad Arifuddin, Jaka Fadraersada, Niken Indriyanti, Herman Herman, Reza Yuridian Purwoko, Firzan Nainu, Anton Rahmadi, Swandari Paramita, Hadi Kuncoro, Nur Mita, Angga Cipta Narsa, Fajar Prasetya, Arsyik Ibrahim, Laode Rijai, Gemini Alam, Abdul Mun’im & Sukanya Dej-adisai. (2022) Mitragyna Species as Pharmacological Agents: From Abuse to Promising Pharmaceutical Products. Life 12:2, pages 193.
Crossref
Yotsapon Thewjitcharoen, Sirinate Krittiyawong, Soontaree Nakasatien & Thep Himathongkam. (2022) Kratom-Associated Mixed Cholestatic-Hepatocellular Liver Injury in a Patient With Long COVID: A case Report. Clinical Medicine Insights: Case Reports 15, pages 117954762211328.
Crossref
Inna Larsen, Emily Zhang & Pantea Farahmand. (2022) Current Understanding of the Effects and Potential Clinical Utility of Kratom: A Review. Journal of Psychiatric Practice 28:2, pages 92-97.
Crossref
Arie P. Francis & Silas W. Smith. 2022. Novel Psychoactive Substances. Novel Psychoactive Substances 57 84 .
Sarah Kerrigan & Stephanie Basiliere. (2021) Kratom: A systematic review of toxicological issues. WIREs Forensic Science 4:1.
Crossref
N.V. Kurdil, A.E. Podrushnyak, M.L. Zinovieva, H.I. Petrashenko, U.V. Karpiuk & N.P. Kovalska. (2021) On the relevance of toxicological and hygienic assessment and market regulation of herbal dietary supplements made from Mitragyna speciosa Korth (Rubiaceae family). One Health and Nutrition Problems of Ukraine 55:2, pages 30-43.
Crossref
Janessa M. Graves, Julia A. Dilley, Lucia Terpak, Ashley Brooks‐Russell, Jennifer M. Whitehill, Tracy A. Klein & Erica Liebelt. (2021) Kratom exposures among older adults reported to U.S. poison centers, 2014–2019. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 69:8, pages 2176-2184.
Crossref
Joseph J. Palamar. (2021) Past-Year Kratom Use in the U.S.: Estimates From a Nationally Representative Sample. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 61:2, pages 240-245.
Crossref
Aimee N. Jensen, Quynh-Nhu Truong, Melanie Jameson & Celeste N. Nadal. (2021) Kratom-induced transaminitis with subsequent precipitated opioid withdrawal following naltrexone. Mental Health Clinician 11:3, pages 220-224.
Crossref
Glenna A. Regan & Peter J. Papadakos. (2021) Intracerebral hemorrhage after kratom ingestion. Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants 34:4, pages 33-36.
Crossref
Erin Coonan & William Tatum. (2021) Kratom: The safe legal high?. Epilepsy & Behavior 117, pages 107882.
Crossref
Alessandro E. Vento, Simone de Persis, Sergio De Filippis, Fabrizio Schifano, Flavia Napoletano, John M. Corkery & Georgios D. Kotzalidis. (2021) Case Report: Treatment of Kratom Use Disorder With a Classical Tricyclic Antidepressant. Frontiers in Psychiatry 12.
Crossref
Andreia Machado Brito-da-Costa, Diana Dias-da-Silva, Nelson G. M. Gomes, Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira & Áurea Madureira-Carvalho. (2021) Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Salvinorin A and Salvia divinorum: Clinical and Forensic Aspects. Pharmaceuticals 14:2, pages 116.
Crossref
Mohamed A. Salem, Ahmed Zayed & Shahira M. Ezzat. 2021. Phytochemistry, the Military and Health. Phytochemistry, the Military and Health 121 150 .
Surash Ramanathan, Francisco León, Nelson J.Y. Chear, Siti R. Yusof, Vikneswaran Murugaiyah, Lance R. McMahon & Christopher R. McCurdy. 2021. Bioactive Natural Products. Bioactive Natural Products 195 225 .
Dan Osei Mensah Bonsu, Constance Afoakwah & Maria de la Paz Aguilar-Caballos. (2021) Counterfeit formulations: analytical perspective on anorectics. Forensic Toxicology 39:1, pages 1-25.
Crossref
Changho Han, Joza Schmitt & Kristen M. Gilliland. (2019) DARK Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Kratom. ACS Chemical Neuroscience 11:23, pages 3870-3880.
Crossref
Surash Ramanathan & Christopher R. McCurdy. (2020) Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa): worldwide issues. Current Opinion in Psychiatry 33:4, pages 312-318.
Crossref
Steven C. Eastlack, Elyse M. Cornett & Alan D. Kaye. (2020) Kratom—Pharmacology, Clinical Implications, and Outlook: A Comprehensive Review. Pain and Therapy 9:1, pages 55-69.
Crossref
Rebecca S. Williams & Dmitriy Nikitin. (2020) The internet market for Kratom, an opioid alternative and variably legal recreational drug. International Journal of Drug Policy 78, pages 102715.
Crossref
Albert Garcia-Romeu, David J. Cox, Kirsten E. Smith, Kelly E. Dunn & Roland R. Griffiths. (2020) Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa): User demographics, use patterns, and implications for the opioid epidemic. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 208, pages 107849.
Crossref
M. Taylor Levine, Jin Gao, Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan, Sarah Berman, Jack T. Rogers & David Mischoulon. (2020) S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAMe), cannabidiol (CBD), and kratom in psychiatric disorders: Clinical and mechanistic considerations. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 85, pages 152-161.
Crossref
Dasiel O. Borroto-Escuela & Kjell Fuxe. (2019) On the G Protein-Coupled Receptor Neuromodulation of the Claustrum. Neurochemical Research 45:1, pages 5-15.
Crossref
Mirella Russo, Claudia Carrarini, Fedele Dono, Marianna Gabriella Rispoli, Martina Di Pietro, Vincenzo Di Stefano, Laura Ferri, Laura Bonanni, Stefano Luca Sensi & Marco Onofrj. (2019) The Pharmacology of Visual Hallucinations in Synucleinopathies. Frontiers in Pharmacology 10.
Crossref
John M Corkery, Peter Streete, Hugh Claridge, Christine Goodair, Duccio Papanti, Laura Orsolini, Fabrizio Schifano, Kanav Sikka, Sophie Körber & Amy Hendricks. (2019) Characteristics of deaths associated with kratom use. Journal of Psychopharmacology 33:9, pages 1102-1123.
Crossref
Walter C. Prozialeck, Bonnie A. Avery, Edward W. Boyer, Oliver Grundmann, Jack E. Henningfield, Andrew C. Kruegel, Lance R. McMahon, Christopher R. McCurdy, Marc T. Swogger, Charles A. Veltri & Darshan Singh. (2019) Kratom policy: The challenge of balancing therapeutic potential with public safety. International Journal of Drug Policy 70, pages 70-77.
Crossref
Kristen L. Fowble & Rabi A. Musah. (2019) A validated method for the quantification of mitragynine in sixteen commercially available Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) products. Forensic Science International 299, pages 195-202.
Crossref
Prashanth Murthy & Deborah Clark. (2019) An unusual cause for neonatal abstinence syndrome. Paediatrics & Child Health 24:1, pages 12-14.
Crossref
Nurul Abdullah & Sabariah Ismail. (2018) Inhibition of UGT2B7 Enzyme Activity in Human and Rat Liver Microsomes by Herbal Constituents. Molecules 23:10, pages 2696.
Crossref
Luisa Boffa, Corrado Ghè, Alessandro Barge, Giampiero Muccioli & Giancarlo Cravotto. (2019) Alkaloid Profiles and Activity in Different Mitragyna speciosa Strains . Natural Product Communications 13:9, pages 1934578X1801300.
Crossref
Supattra Limsuwanchote, Waraporn Putalun, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Satoshi Morimoto, Niwat Keawpradub & Juraithip Wungsintaweekul. (2018) Development of an immunochromatographic strip incorporating anti-mitragynine monoclonal antibody conjugated to colloidal gold for kratom alkaloids detection. Drug Testing and Analysis 10:7, pages 1168-1175.
Crossref
Geeta Aggarwal, Edward Robertson, James McKinlay & Edward Walter. (2017) Death from Kratom toxicity and the possible role of intralipid. Journal of the Intensive Care Society 19:1, pages 61-63.
Crossref
A Pourmand, M Mazer-Amirshahi, S Chistov, A Li & M Park. (2017) Designer drugs: Review and implications for emergency management. Human & Experimental Toxicology 37:1, pages 94-101.
Crossref
Kirk L. Cumpston, Michael Carter & Brandon K. Wills. (2018) Clinical outcomes after Kratom exposures: A poison center case series. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine 36:1, pages 166-168.
Crossref
Thomas GeschwindeThomas Geschwinde. 2018. Rauschdrogen. Rauschdrogen 1 392 .
O. Hayden GriffinIIIIII. 2018. Plant Medicines, Healing and Psychedelic Science. Plant Medicines, Healing and Psychedelic Science 71 85 .
Kirsten Elin Smith & Thomas Lawson. (2017) Prevalence and motivations for kratom use in a sample of substance users enrolled in a residential treatment program. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 180, pages 340-348.
Crossref
Seda Damla Hatipoglu, Burhanettin Yalcinkaya, Muslum Akgoz, Turan Ozturk, Ahmet C. Goren & Gulacti Topcu. (2017) Screening of Hallucinogenic Compounds and Genomic Characterisation of 40 Anatolian Salvia Species . Phytochemical Analysis 28:6, pages 541-549.
Crossref
Wai Mun Kong, Zahurin Mohamed, Mohammed A. Alshawsh & Zamri Chik. (2017) Evaluation of pharmacokinetics and blood-brain barrier permeability of mitragynine using in vivo microdialysis technique. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 143, pages 43-47.
Crossref
Neeraj Chhabra & Steven E. Aks. (2017) Current Opiate and Opioid Hazards in Children and Adolescents. Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine 18:3, pages 173-180.
Crossref
Ling-Yi Feng, Altansuvd Battulga, Eunyoung Han, Heesun Chung & Jih-Heng Li. (2017) New psychoactive substances of natural origin: A brief review. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 25:3, pages 461-471.
Crossref
Charisse Pizarro-Osilla. (2017) Introducing… Kratom. Journal of Emergency Nursing 43:4, pages 373-374.
Crossref
José Luis Vázquez López, Lorenz Schild, Thomas Günther, Stefan Schulz, Hartmud Neurath & Axel Becker. (2017) The effects of kratom on restraint–stress-induced analgesia and its mechanisms of action. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 205, pages 178-185.
Crossref
Dimy FluyauFluyauFluyau & Neelambika Revadigar. (2017) Biochemical Benefits, Diagnosis, and Clinical Risks Evaluation of Kratom. Frontiers in Psychiatry 8.
Crossref
Paula N. Brown, Jensen A. Lund & Susan J. Murch. (2017) A botanical, phytochemical and ethnomedicinal review of the genus Mitragyna korth: Implications for products sold as kratom. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 202, pages 302-325.
Crossref
S.M. Phipps & O. Grundmann. 2017. 1 44 .
Pieter van der BijlJr.Jr. & Pieter van der BijlSr.Sr.. 2017. Toxicology of Herbal Products. Toxicology of Herbal Products 363 383 .
Alicia G. Lydecker, Abhisheak Sharma, Christopher R. McCurdy, Bonnie A. Avery, Kavita M. Babu & Edward W. Boyer. (2016) Suspected Adulteration of Commercial Kratom Products with 7-Hydroxymitragynine. Journal of Medical Toxicology 12:4, pages 341-349.
Crossref
Chadayu Udom, Prawit Janwantanakul & Rotsalai Kanlayanaphotporn. (2016) The prevalence of low back pain and its associated factors in Thai rubber farmers. Journal of Occupational Health 58:6, pages 534-542.
Crossref
Darshan Singh, Suresh Narayanan & Balasingam Vicknasingam. (2016) Traditional and non-traditional uses of Mitragynine (Kratom): A survey of the literature. Brain Research Bulletin 126, pages 41-46.
Crossref
Farah W. Suhaimi, Nurul H.M. Yusoff, Rahimah Hassan, Sharif M. Mansor, Visweswaran Navaratnam, Christian P. Müller & Zurina Hassan. (2016) Neurobiology of Kratom and its main alkaloid mitragynine. Brain Research Bulletin 126, pages 29-40.
Crossref
Ana Sofia Oliveira, S?nia Fraga, F?lix Carvalho, Ana Margarida Ara?jo, Cristiana Costa Pereira, Jo?o Paulo Teixeira, Maria de Lourdes Bastos & Paula Guedes de Pinho. (2016) Chemical characterization and in vitro cyto- and genotoxicity of ?legal high? products containing Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa). Forensic Toxicology 34:2, pages 213-226.
Crossref
Mar?a Eva Gonz?lez-Trujano, Fernando Brindis, Edith L?pez-Ruiz, Ignacio Ram?rez-Salado, Adri?n Mart?nez & Francisco Pellicer. (2016) Depressant Effects of Salvia divinorum Involve Disruption of Physiological Sleep . Phytotherapy Research 30:7, pages 1137-1145.
Crossref
Steve Johnston. (2016) Plan for quality improvement: the ‘Legal High’ Guide. Journal of Paramedic Practice 8:1, pages 36-40.
Crossref
Hanzhuo Fu. (2016) A Mass Spectrometric Study of Kratom Compounds by Direct Infusion Electrospray Ionization Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry. Detection 04:03, pages 66-72.
Crossref
Nurul H. M. Yusoff, Farah W. Suhaimi, Raja K. Vadivelu, Zurina Hassan, Anne Rümler, Andrea Rotter, Davide Amato, Hans C. Dringenberg, Sharif M. Mansor, Visweswaran Navaratnam & Christian P. Müller. (2016) Abuse potential and adverse cognitive effects of mitragynine (kratom). Addiction Biology 21:1, pages 98-110.
Crossref
Dessa Bergen-Cico & Kendra MacClurg. 2016. Neuropathology of Drug Addictions and Substance Misuse. Neuropathology of Drug Addictions and Substance Misuse 903 911 .
Marcus L. Warner, Nellie C. Kaufman & Oliver Grundmann. (2015) The pharmacology and toxicology of kratom: from traditional herb to drug of abuse. International Journal of Legal Medicine 130:1, pages 127-138.
Crossref
Steven Karch & Olaf Drummer. 2015. Karch's Pathology of Drug Abuse, Fifth Edition. Karch's Pathology of Drug Abuse, Fifth Edition 429 696 .
Yael Goll, Gal Atlan & Ami Citri. (2015) Attention: the claustrum. Trends in Neurosciences 38:8, pages 486-495.
Crossref
Hanzhuo Fu, Frank Cid, Nat Dworkin, James Cocores & Gloria Shore. (2015) Screening and Identification of Mitragynine and 7-Hydroxymitragynine in Human Urine by LC-MS/MS. Chromatography 2:2, pages 253-264.
Crossref
Rafael Hernández-Bello, Rosa Virginia García-Rodríguez, Karlina García-Sosa, Luis Manuel Peña-Rodríguez, Maribel Vázquez-Hernández, Fernando Rafael Ramos-Morales, Olivia Corcoran & Alberto Sánchez-Medina. (2015) Salvinorin A content in legal high products of Salvia divinorum sold in Mexico. Forensic Science International 249, pages 197-201.
Crossref
Christian Müller. (2015) Cerebellum and endocannabinoid receptors: a new neurobiological link for mitragynine (Mitragyna speciosa Korth) abuse liability. Journal of Addiction and Dependence 1:1, pages 1-7.
Crossref
Pegah Afra. 2015. The Human Auditory System - Fundamental Organization and Clinical Disorders. The Human Auditory System - Fundamental Organization and Clinical Disorders 389 407 .
. 2014. Kratom and Other Mitragynines. Kratom and Other Mitragynines 321 336 .
Surash Ramanathan & Sharif Mansor. 2014. Kratom and Other Mitragynines. Kratom and Other Mitragynines 281 296 .
Po-Xiang Lin, Jih-Heng Li, Su-Hwei Chen, Hsien-Chang Chang & Rebecca McKetin. (2014) Quantitative determination of salvinorin A, a natural hallucinogen with abuse liability, in Internet-available Salvia divinorum and endemic species of Salvia in Taiwan. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 22:3, pages 370-378.
Crossref
Darshan Singh, Christian P. Müller & Balasingam K. Vicknasingam. (2014) Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) dependence, withdrawal symptoms and craving in regular users. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 139, pages 132-137.
Crossref
. (2014) Clinical Practice Poster Presentations. Journal of the Intensive Care Society 15:1_suppl, pages S-23-S-81.
Crossref
Matthew D. Thornton & Carl R. Baum. (2014) Bath Salts and Other Emerging Toxins. Pediatric Emergency Care 30:1, pages 47-52.
Crossref
John R. Smythies, Lawrence R. Edelstein & Vilayanur S. Ramachandran. 2014. The Claustrum. The Claustrum 299 352 .
J.M. Marraffa. 2014. Encyclopedia of Toxicology. Encyclopedia of Toxicology 248 251 .
Pradeep K. Vuppala, Seshulatha Jamalapuram, Edward B. Furr, Christopher R. McCurdy & Bonnie A. Avery. (2013) Development and validation of a UPLC‐MS/MS method for the determination of 7‐hydroxymitragynine, a μ ‐opioid agonist, in rat plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study . Biomedical Chromatography 27:12, pages 1726-1732.
Crossref
Nikhil Neelkantan, Alina Mikhaylova, Adam Michael Stewart, Raymond Arnold, Visar Gjeloshi, Divya Kondaveeti, Manoj K. Poudel & Allan V. Kalueff. (2013) Perspectives on Zebrafish Models of Hallucinogenic Drugs and Related Psychotropic Compounds. ACS Chemical Neuroscience 4:8, pages 1137-1150.
Crossref
Munidasa Winslow, John CM Wong & Rathi Mahendran. (2013) Plant Food and Incense: The New Substances of Abuse. Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 42:7, pages 356-357.
Crossref
Mohd Fadzly Amar Jamil, Mohd Ferdaues Mohd Subki, Tan Mei Lan, Mohamed Isa Abdul Majid & Mohd Ilham Adenan. (2013) The effect of mitragynine on cAMP formation and mRNA expression of mu-opioid receptors mediated by chronic morphine treatment in SK–N–SH neuroblastoma cell. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 148:1, pages 135-143.
Crossref
Suhanya Parthasarathy, Surash Ramanathan, Vikneswaran Murugaiyah, Mohammad Razak Hamdan, Mohd Ikram Mohd Said, Choon-Sheen Lai & Sharif Mahsufi Mansor. (2013) A simple HPLC–DAD method for the detection and quantification of psychotropic mitragynine in Mitragyna speciosa (ketum) and its products for the application in forensic investigation. Forensic Science International 226:1-3, pages 183-187.
Crossref
Zurina Hassan, Mustapha Muzaimi, Visweswaran Navaratnam, Nurul H.M. Yusoff, Farah W. Suhaimi, Rajakumar Vadivelu, Balasingam K. Vicknasingam, Davide Amato, Stephan von Hörsten, Nurul I.W. Ismail, Nanthini Jayabalan, Ammar I. Hazim, Sharif M. Mansor & Christian P. Müller. (2013) From Kratom to mitragynine and its derivatives: Physiological and behavioural effects related to use, abuse, and addiction. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 37:2, pages 138-151.
Crossref
Cheryl L. Currie. (2013) Epidemiology of adolescent Salvia divinorum use in Canada. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 128:1-2, pages 166-170.
Crossref
Savithiri Ratnapalan. (2013) Legal substances and their abuse: Legal highs. Journal of Paramedic Practice 5:1, pages 40-51.
Crossref
Juzaili Azizi, Sabariah Ismail & Sharif Mahsufi Mansor. (2013) Mitragyna speciosa Korth leaves extracts induced the CYP450 catalyzed aminopyrine-N-demethylase (APND) and UDP-glucuronosyl transferase (UGT) activities in male Sprague-Dawley rat livers. Drug Metabolism and Drug Interactions 28:2.
Crossref
Michael F. Neerman, Randall E. Frost & Janine Deking. (2013) A Drug Fatality Involving Kratom. Journal of Forensic Sciences 58, pages S278-S279.
Crossref
Elizabeth A. Hausner & Robert H. Poppenga. 2013. Small Animal Toxicology. Small Animal Toxicology 335 356 .
Gastone G. Celesia. 2013. Disorders of Peripheral and Central Auditory Processing. Disorders of Peripheral and Central Auditory Processing 435 448 .
Shaun L. Greene. 2013. Novel Psychoactive Substances. Novel Psychoactive Substances 363 381 .
Simon Gibbons & Warunya Arunotayanun. 2013. Novel Psychoactive Substances. Novel Psychoactive Substances 345 362 .
Silas W. Smith & Fiona M. Garlich. 2013. Novel Psychoactive Substances. Novel Psychoactive Substances 55 77 .
George E. Burrows & Ronald J. Tyrl. 2012. Toxic Plants of North America. Toxic Plants of North America 731 742 .
Donald G. Barceloux. 2012. Medical Toxicology of Drug Abuse. Medical Toxicology of Drug Abuse 961 967 .
Donald G. Barceloux. 2012. Medical Toxicology of Drug Abuse. Medical Toxicology of Drug Abuse 880 885 .
Christopher D. Rosenbaum, Stephanie P. Carreiro & Kavita M. Babu. (2012) Here Today, Gone Tomorrow…and Back Again? A Review of Herbal Marijuana Alternatives (K2, Spice), Synthetic Cathinones (Bath Salts), Kratom, Salvia divinorum, Methoxetamine, and Piperazines. Journal of Medical Toxicology 8:1, pages 15-32.
Crossref
C. R. Travis, G. A. Ray & K. F. Marlowe. (2012) A Report of Nausea and Vomiting with Discontinuation of Chronic Use of Salvia divinorum . Case Reports in Medicine 2012, pages 1-4.
Crossref
Beng-Siang Khor, Mohd Fadzly Amar Jamil, Mohamad Ilham Adenan & Alexander Chong Shu-Chien. (2011) Mitragynine Attenuates Withdrawal Syndrome in Morphine-Withdrawn Zebrafish. PLoS ONE 6:12, pages e28340.
Crossref
Jeanine Ward, Christopher Rosenbaum, Christina Hernon, Christopher R. McCurdy & Edward W. Boyer. (2011) Herbal Medicines for the Management of Opioid Addiction. CNS Drugs 25:12, pages 999-1007.
Crossref
Pradeep K. Vuppala, Sai P. Boddu, Edward B. Furr, Christopher R. McCurdy & Bonnie A. Avery. (2011) Simple, Sensitive, High-Throughput Method for the Quantification of Mitragynine in Rat Plasma Using UPLC-MS and Its Application to an Intravenous Pharmacokinetic Study. Chromatographia 74:9-10, pages 703-710.
Crossref
Friedrich G. Kapp, Hans H. Maurer, Volker Auw?rter, Martin Winkelmann & Maren Hermanns-Clausen. (2011) Intrahepatic Cholestasis Following Abuse of Powdered Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa). Journal of Medical Toxicology 7:3, pages 227-231.
Crossref
N. D. Yuliana, M. Jahangir, H. Korthout, Y. H. Choi, H. K. Kim & R. Verpoorte. (2011) Comprehensive review on herbal medicine for energy intake suppression. Obesity Reviews 12:7, pages 499-514.
Crossref
Christopher W. Cunningham, Richard B. Rothman & Thomas E. Prisinzano. (2011) Neuropharmacology of the Naturally Occurring κ-Opioid Hallucinogen Salvinorin A. Pharmacological Reviews 63:2, pages 316-347.
Crossref
Martin M. Schmidt, Akhilesh Sharma, Fabrizio Schifano & Charlotte Feinmann. (2011) “Legal highs” on the net—Evaluation of UK-based Websites, products and product information. Forensic Science International 206:1-3, pages 92-97.
Crossref
Adam Stewart, Keith Wong, Jonathan Cachat, Siddharth Gaikwad, Evan Kyzar, Nadine Wu, Peter Hart, Valerie Piet, Eli Utterback, Marco Elegante, David Tien & Allan V. Kalueff. (2011) Zebrafish models to study drug abuse-related phenotypes. revneuro 22:1, pages 95-105.
Crossref
Anika A. Philipp, Dirk K. Wissenbach, Armin A. Weber, Josef Zapp & Hans H. Maurer. (2010) Phase I and II metabolites of speciogynine, a diastereomer of the main Kratom alkaloid mitragynine, identified in rat and human urine by liquid chromatography coupled to low- and high-resolution linear ion trap mass spectrometry. Journal of Mass Spectrometry 45:11, pages 1344-1357.
Crossref
Hans H Maurer. (2010) Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Metabolism of Emerging Drugs of Abuse. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring 32:5, pages 544-549.
Crossref
R.J. Schneider & P. Ardenghi. (2010) Salvia divinorum Epling & J?tiva (Maria Pastora) e Salvinorina A: crescente uso recreacional e potencial de abuso. Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais 12:3, pages 358-362.
Crossref
Balasingam Vicknasingam, Suresh Narayanan, Goh Teik Beng & Sharif Mahsufi Mansor. (2010) The informal use of ketum (Mitragyna speciosa) for opioid withdrawal in the northern states of peninsular Malaysia and implications for drug substitution therapy. International Journal of Drug Policy 21:4, pages 283-288.
Crossref
Suhanya Parthasarathy, Surash Ramanathan, Sabariah Ismail, Mohd Ilham Adenan, Sharif Mahsufi Mansor & Vikneswaran Murugaiyah. (2010) Determination of mitragynine in plasma with solid-phase extraction and rapid HPLC–UV analysis, and its application to a pharmacokinetic study in rat. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 397:5, pages 2023-2030.
Crossref
Haining Liu, Christopher R. McCurdy & Robert J. Doerksen. (2010) Computational study on the conformations of mitragynine and mitragynaline. Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM 945:1-3, pages 57-63.
Crossref
Anika A. Philipp, Dirk K. Wissenbach, Armin. A. Weber, Josef Zapp, Siegfried W. Zoerntlein, Jidapha Kanogsunthornrat & Hans H. Maurer. (2009) Use of liquid chromatography coupled to low- and high-resolution linear ion trap mass spectrometry for studying the metabolism of paynantheine, an alkaloid of the herbal drug Kratom in rat and human urine. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 396:7, pages 2379-2391.
Crossref
Katherine M. Prevatt-Smith & Thomas E. Prisinzano. (2010) New therapeutic potential for psychoactive natural products. Nat. Prod. Rep. 27:1, pages 23-31.
Crossref
Ly Binh T.Richard F. Clark & Saralyn R. Williams. 2010. Rosen's Emergency Medicine – Concepts and Clinical Practice. Rosen's Emergency Medicine – Concepts and Clinical Practice 2010 2018 .
Shijun Lu, Buu N. Tran, Jamie L. Nelsen & Kenneth M. Aldous. (2009) Quantitative analysis of mitragynine in human urine by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography B 877:24, pages 2499-2505.
Crossref
Natália Valadares de Moraes, Raquel Alves Corrêa Moretti, Edward B. FurrIIIIII, Christopher R. McCurdy & Vera Lucia Lanchote. (2009) Determination of mitragynine in rat plasma by LC–MS/MS: Application to pharmacokinetics. Journal of Chromatography B 877:24, pages 2593-2597.
Crossref
Anika A. Philipp, Dirk K. Wissenbach, Siegfried W. Zoerntlein, Oliver N. Klein, Jidapha Kanogsunthornrat & Hans H. Maurer. (2009) Studies on the metabolism of mitragynine, the main alkaloid of the herbal drug Kratom, in rat and human urine using liquid chromatography-linear ion trap mass spectrometry. Journal of Mass Spectrometry 44:8, pages 1249-1261.
Crossref
Lukasz M. Kutrzeba, Daneel Ferreira & Jordan K. Zjawiony. (2009) Salvinorins J from Salvia divinorum : Mutarotation in the Neoclerodane System . Journal of Natural Products 72:7, pages 1361-1363.
Crossref
Francisco León, Eman Habib, Jessica E. Adkins, Edward B. Furr, Christopher R. McCurdy & Stephen J. Cutler. (2019) Phytochemical Characterization of the Leaves of Mitragyna Speciosa Grown in USA . Natural Product Communications 4:7, pages 1934578X0900400.
Crossref
Jacob M. Hooker, Vinal Patel, Shiva Kothari & Wynne K. Schiffer. (2009) Metabolic Changes in the Rodent Brain after Acute Administration of Salvinorin A. Molecular Imaging and Biology 11:3, pages 137-143.
Crossref
Steven Karch. 2008. Karch's Pathology of Drug Abuse, Fourth Edition. Karch's Pathology of Drug Abuse, Fourth Edition 367 374 .
Jacob M. Hooker, Youwen Xu, Wynne Schiffer, Colleen Shea, Pauline Carter & Joanna S. Fowler. (2008) Pharmacokinetics of the potent hallucinogen, salvinorin A in primates parallels the rapid onset and short duration of effects in humans. NeuroImage 41:3, pages 1044-1050.
Crossref

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.