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Xanthine oxidase inhibitors: a patent survey

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Pages 1071-1108 | Published online: 21 Apr 2011

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Rui Zhao, Zimai Li, Yuqing Sun, Wei Ge, Mingyu Wang, Huaiwei Liu, Luying Xun & Yongzhen Xia. (2022) Engineered Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 with urate oxidase and an oxygen-recycling system for hyperuricemia treatment. Gut Microbes 14:1.
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Zhen Gong, Li Xia, Rune Xu, Min Luo, Hongxiang Deng, Zhiping Kang, Leping Liu, Yaqing Liu, Fangjie Zhang & Jian Shi. (2021) The Clinical Effects of Febuxostat Alone or Combined with Arthroscopic Surgery for Gout: A Single-Center Retrospective Study. Journal of Inflammation Research 14, pages 4509-4517.
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Jatinder Vir Singh, Preet Mohinder Singh Bedi, Harbinder Singh & Sahil Sharma. (2020) Xanthine oxidase inhibitors: patent landscape and clinical development (2015–2020). Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents 30:10, pages 769-780.
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T. Ikenaga, H. Noguchi, K. Kakumoto, N. Kohda, H. Tsukikawa, K. Matsuguma & T. Yamamoto. (2020) Effect of phytic acid on postprandial serum uric acid level in healthy volunteers: a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. Nucleosides, Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids 39:4, pages 504-517.
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Rosa Maria Vitale, Lina Antenucci, Margherita Gavagnin, Gennaro Raimo & Pietro Amodeo. (2017) Structure–activity relationships of fraxamoside as an unusual xanthine oxidase inhibitor. Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry 32:1, pages 345-354.
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Jimi Marin Alex & Raj Kumar. (2014) 4,5-Dihydro-1H-pyrazole: an indispensable scaffold. Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry 29:3, pages 427-442.
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Hong-Yu Yuan, Xue-Hui Zhang, Xiao-Lan Zhang, Ji-Fu Wei & Ling Meng. (2014) Analysis of patents on anti-gout therapies issued in China. Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents 24:5, pages 555-572.
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Articles from other publishers (67)

Atamjit Singh, Karanvir Singh, Aman Sharma, Kirandeep Kaur, Renu Chadha & Preet Mohinder Singh Bedi. (2023) Past, present and future of xanthine oxidase inhibitors: design strategies, structural and pharmacological insights, patents and clinical trials. RSC Medicinal Chemistry 14:11, pages 2155-2191.
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Xiaoyi Zeng, Yajing Liu, Yuxin Fan, Di Wu, Yangyang Meng & Mingze Qin. (2023) Agents for the Treatment of Gout: Current Advances and Future Perspectives. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 66:21, pages 14474-14493.
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Antonella Fais, Francesca Pintus, Benedetta Era, Sonia Floris, Amit Kumar, Debapriyo Sarmadhikari, Valeria Sogos, Eugenio Uriarte, Shailendra Asthana & Maria João Matos. (2023) Design of 3‐Phenylcoumarins and 3‐Thienylcoumarins as Potent Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Docking Studies. ChemMedChem 18:21.
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Mai Sekine, Ken Okamoto, Emil F. Pai, Koji Nagata, Kimiyoshi Ichida, Russ Hille & Takeshi Nishino. (2023) Allopurinol and oxypurinol differ in their strength and mechanisms of inhibition of xanthine oxidoreductase. Journal of Biological Chemistry 299:9, pages 105189.
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Houssem Boulebd, Imene Amine Khodja, Miguel Carmena-Bargueño & Horacio Pérez-Sánchez. (2023) Computational insights on the antioxidant, antinitrosant, and xanthine oxidase inhibitory capacities of neobavaisoflavone. New Journal of Chemistry 47:33, pages 15797-15808.
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Yazdan Maghsoud, Chao Dong & G. Andrés Cisneros. (2023) Investigation of the Inhibition Mechanism of Xanthine Oxidoreductase by Oxipurinol: A Computational Study. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling 63:13, pages 4190-4206.
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Rosario Rullo, Carmen Cerchia, Rosarita Nasso, Virgilio Romanelli, Emmanuele De Vendittis, Mariorosario Masullo & Antonio Lavecchia. (2023) Novel Reversible Inhibitors of Xanthine Oxidase Targeting the Active Site of the Enzyme. Antioxidants 12:4, pages 825.
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Jia-jun Luo, Xin-hua Chen, Peng-ying Liang, Zean Zhao, Ting Wu, Zhong-huang Li, Shan-he Wan, Jian Luo, Jian-xin Pang, Jia-jie Zhang & Yuan-xin Tian. (2023) Mechanism of anti-hyperuricemia of isobavachin based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Computers in Biology and Medicine 155, pages 106637.
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Jingrong Li, Hongen Chang, Nan Zhang, Yongzhi He, Di Zhang, Boshi Liu & Yuxin Fang. (2023) Recent advances in enzyme inhibition based-electrochemical biosensors for pharmaceutical and environmental analysis. Talanta 253, pages 124092.
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Alsiddig Osama, Junmin Zhang & Jianguo Fang. 2022. Handbook of Cancer and Immunology. Handbook of Cancer and Immunology 1 31 .
Liling Wang, Yanbin Wang, Meixu Chen, Yaoyao Zhu, Yuchuan Qin & Yifeng Zhou. (2022) Tetrabutylammonium bromide-based hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent for the extraction and separation of dihydromyricetin from vine tea and its inhibitory efficiency against xanthine oxidase. RSC Advances 12:44, pages 28659-28676.
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Bing Zhang, Yulin Duan, Yuwei Yang, Qing Mao, Fengwei Lin, Jun Gao, Xiwen Dai, Peng Zhang, Qiuhua Li, Jinxin Li, Ronghua Dai & Shaojie Wang. (2022) Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of N-(3-cyano-1H-indol-5/6-yl)-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidine-4-carboxamides and 5-(6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidin-2-yl)-1H-indole-3-carbonitriles as novel xanthine oxidase inhibitors. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 227, pages 113928.
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Rishab Marahatha, Saroj Basnet, Bibek Raj Bhattarai, Prakriti Budhathoki, Babita Aryal, Bikash Adhikari, Ganesh Lamichhane, Darbin Kumar Poudel & Niranjan Parajuli. (2021) Potential natural inhibitors of xanthine oxidase and HMG-CoA reductase in cholesterol regulation: in silico analysis. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 21:1.
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Ting-jian Zhang, Shun Tu, Xu Zhang, Qiu-yin Wang, Sen-sen Hu, Yi Zhang, Zhen-hao Zhang, Zhao-ran Wang & Fan-hao Meng. (2021) Amide-based xanthine oxidase inhibitors bearing an N-(1-alkyl-3-cyano-1H-indol-5-yl) moiety: Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationship investigation. Bioorganic Chemistry 117, pages 105417.
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Yan Liu, Chenggang Han, Tao Lu, Yi Liu, Hao Chen, Can Yang, Yanbei Tu & Yanfang Li. (2021) Investigation of the interaction between Chrysoeriol and xanthine oxidase using computational and in vitro approaches. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 190, pages 463-473.
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Ying Chen, Ruya You, Ke Wang & Yousheng Wang. (2021) Recent Updates of Natural and Synthetic URAT1 Inhibitors and Novel Screening Methods. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2021, pages 1-12.
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Ülkü Yılmaz, Samir Abbas Ali Noma, Tuğba Taşkın Tok, Betül Şen, Yetkin Gök, Aydın Aktaş, Burhan Ateş & Muhittin Aygün. (2021) A study about excellent xanthine oxidase inhibitory effects of new pyridine salts. Monatshefte für Chemie - Chemical Monthly 152:10, pages 1251-1260.
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Sheau Ling Ho, Ching‐Ting Lin & Shoei‐Sheng Lee. (2021) In silico design and synthesis of N‐arylalkanyl 2‐naphthamides as a new class of non‐purine xanthine oxidase inhibitors. Drug Development Research 82:6, pages 789-801.
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Yu-Lin Wu, Jin-Fen Chen, Lin-Yun Jiang, Xiao-Li Wu, Yu-Hong Liu, Chang-Jun Gao, Yan Wu, Xiao-Qing Yi, Zi-Ren Su, Jian Cai & Jian-Nan Chen. (2021) The Extract of Sonneratia apetala Leaves and Branches Ameliorates Hyperuricemia in Mice by Regulating Renal Uric Acid Transporters and Suppressing the Activation of the JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway. Frontiers in Pharmacology 12.
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Leila Bou-Salah, Khedidja Benarous, Abderahmane Linani, Faiza Rabhi, Kheira Chaib, Imane Chine, Hadjer Bensaidane & Mohamed Yousfi. (2021) Anti-inflammatory drugs as new inhibitors to xanthine oxidase: In vitro and in silico approach. Molecular and Cellular Probes 58, pages 101733.
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Abderahmane Linani, Khedidja Benarous, Leila Bou-salah & Mohamed Yousfi. (2021) Hispidin, Harmaline, and Harmine as potent inhibitors of bovine xanthine oxidase: Gout treatment, in vitro, ADMET prediction, and SAR studies. Bioorganic Chemistry 112, pages 104937.
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Gaurav Joshi, Manisha Sharma, Sourav Kalra, Navnath S. Gavande, Sandeep Singh & Raj Kumar. (2021) Design, synthesis, biological evaluation of 3,5-diaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole carbaldehydes as non-purine xanthine oxidase inhibitors: Tracing the anticancer mechanism via xanthine oxidase inhibition. Bioorganic Chemistry 107, pages 104620.
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Weiwei Cao, Yajing Fang, Ting Wu, Fuqiang Liang, Yuxin Cheng, Mahmoud Salah, Siyi Pan & Xiaoyun Xu. (2020) Insights from multispectral and molecular docking investigation on the xanthine oxidase inhibition by 1,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid. Journal of Molecular Structure 1219, pages 128475.
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Harmandeep Kaur Gulati, Kavita Bhagat, Atamjit Singh, Nitish Kumar, Arshmeet Kaur, Akriti Sharma, Shilpa Heer, Harbinder Singh, Jatinder Vir Singh & Preet Mohinder S. Bedi. (2020) Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel indolinedione–coumarin hybrids as xanthine oxidase inhibitors. Medicinal Chemistry Research 29:9, pages 1632-1642.
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Ying Yang, Lei Zhang, Jinying Tian, Fei Ye & Zhiyan Xiao. (2020) Identification of xanthine oxidase inhibitors through hierarchical virtual screening. RSC Advances 10:46, pages 27752-27763.
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João L. Serrano, Joana Figueiredo, Paulo Almeida & Samuel Silvestre. (2020) From Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition to In Vivo Hypouricemic Effect: An Integrated Overview of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies with Focus on Natural Molecules and Analogues . Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020, pages 1-17.
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Qing Mao, Xiwen Dai, Gaoyang Xu, Yu Su, Bing Zhang, Dan Liu & Shaojie Wang. (2019) Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-(4-alkoxy-3-cyano)phenyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid derivatives as novel xanthine oxidase inhibitors. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 181, pages 111558.
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Young-Sil Lee, Yoon-Young Sung, Heung Joo Yuk, Eunjung Son, SeonJoo Lee, Jin Soo Kim & Dong-Seon Kim. (2019) Anti-hyperuricemic effect of Alpinia oxyphylla seed extract by enhancing uric acid excretion in the kidney. Phytomedicine 62, pages 152975.
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Masoud Rezaeinasab, Ali Benvidi, Sajjad Gharaghani, Saleheh Abbasi & Hamid R. Zare. (2019) Electrochemical investigation of the inhibition effect of carvacrol on xanthine oxidase activity merging with theoretical studies. Process Biochemistry 83, pages 86-95.
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Bing Zhang, Xiwen Dai, Ziyang Bao, Qing Mao, Yulin Duan, Yuwei Yang & Shaojie Wang. (2019) Targeting the subpocket in xanthine oxidase: Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of 2-[4-alkoxy-3-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl) phenyl]-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid derivatives. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry.
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Lichao Zhang, Sibo Wang, Mingzheng Yang, Ailong Shi, He Wang, Qi Guan, Kai Bao & Weige Zhang. (2019) Design, synthesis and bioevaluation of 3-oxo-6-aryl-2,3-dihydropyridazine-4-carbohydrazide derivatives as novel xanthine oxidase inhibitors. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 27:9, pages 1818-1823.
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Sahil Arora, Gaurav Joshi, Sourav Kalra, Aabid Abdullah Wani, Prasad V. Bharatam, Pradeep Kumar & Raj Kumar. (2019) Knoevenagel/Tandem Knoevenagel and Michael Adducts of Cyclohexane-1,3-dione and Aryl Aldehydes: Synthesis, DFT Studies, Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Potential, and Molecular Modeling. ACS Omega 4:3, pages 4604-4614.
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Jatinder V. Singh, Gurbachan Mal, Gurleen Kaur, Manish K. Gupta, Amritpal Singh, Kunal Nepali, Harbinder Singh, Sahil Sharma & Preet Mohinder S. Bedi. (2019) Benzoflavone derivatives as potent antihyperuricemic agents. MedChemComm 10:1, pages 128-147.
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Carmen Luzuriaga-Quichimbo, José Blanco-Salas, Carlos Cerón-Martínez, Milan Stanković & Trinidad Ruiz-Téllez. (2018) On the Possible Chemical Justification of the Ethnobotanical Use of Hyptis obtusiflora in Amazonian Ecuador. Plants 7:4, pages 104.
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Abel Muñiz-Mouro, Beatriz Gullón, Thelmo Lú-Chau, María Moreira, Juan Lema & Gemma Eibes. (2018) Laccase Activity as an Essential Factor in the Oligomerization of Rutin. Catalysts 8:8, pages 321.
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Ailong Shi, Lichao Zhang, He Wang, Sibo Wang, Mingzheng Yang, Qi Guan, Kai Bao & Weige Zhang. (2018) Design, synthesis and bioevaluation of 2-mercapto-6-phenylpyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid derivatives as potent xanthine oxidase inhibitors. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 155, pages 590-595.
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Raj Kumar, Gaurav Joshi, Harveen Kler, Sourav Kalra, Manpreet Kaur & Ramandeep Arya. (2018) Toward an Understanding of Structural Insights of Xanthine and Aldehyde Oxidases: An Overview of their Inhibitors and Role in Various Diseases. Medicinal Research Reviews 38:4, pages 1073-1125.
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Mengrong Li, Yanying Yu, Jing Liu, Zelu Chen & Shuwen Cao. (2018) Investigation of the interaction between benzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone compounds and xanthine oxidase. Journal of Molecular Structure 1159, pages 23-32.
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M.D. Santi, M. Paulino Zunini, B. Vera, C. Bouzidi, V. Dumontet, A. Abin-Carriquiry, R. Grougnet & M.G. Ortega. (2018) Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of natural and hemisynthetic flavonoids from Gardenia oudiepe (Rubiaceae) in vitro and molecular docking studies. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 143, pages 577-582.
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Joana Figueiredo, João L. Serrano, Eunice Cavalheiro, Leena Keurulainen, Jari Yli-Kauhaluoma, Vânia M. Moreira, Susana Ferreira, Fernanda C. Domingues, Samuel Silvestre & Paulo Almeida. (2018) Trisubstituted barbiturates and thiobarbiturates: Synthesis and biological evaluation as xanthine oxidase inhibitors, antioxidants, antibacterial and anti-proliferative agents. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 143, pages 829-842.
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Hamid Beyzaei, Mohammadreza Moghaddam-Manesh, Reza Aryan, Behzad Ghasemi & Alireza Samzadeh-Kermani. (2017) Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial evaluation of 6-substituted 4-amino-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines. Chemical Papers 71:9, pages 1685-1691.
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Manroopraj Kaur, Amandeep Kaur, Suhani Mankotia, Harbinder Singh, Arshdeep Singh, Jatinder Vir Singh, Manish Kumar Gupta, Sahil Sharma, Kunal Nepali & Preet Mohinder Singh Bedi. (2017) Synthesis, screening and docking of fused pyrano[3,2- d ]pyrimidine derivatives as xanthine oxidase inhibitor. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 131, pages 14-28.
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Md. Rahmat Ali, Suresh Kumar, Obaid Afzal, Nishtha Shalmali, Wazid Ali, Manju Sharma & Sandhya Bawa. (2017) 2-Benzamido-4-methylthiazole-5-carboxylic Acid Derivatives as Potential Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors and Free Radical Scavengers. Archiv der Pharmazie 350:2, pages 1600313.
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Young-Sil Lee, Eunjung Son, Seung-Hyung Kim, Yun Mi Lee, Ohn Soon Kim & Dong-Seon Kim. (2017) Synergistic Uric Acid-Lowering Effects of the Combination of Chrysanthemum indicum Linne Flower and Cinnamomum cassia (L.) J. Persl Bark Extracts . Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017, pages 1-9.
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Hong-jin Tang, Lin Yang, Jia-huang Li & Jun Chen. (2016) Molecular modelling studies of 3,5-dipyridyl-1,2,4-triazole derivatives as xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitors using 3D-QSAR, Topomer CoMFA, molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulations. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers 68, pages 64-73.
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Deependra Kumar, Gagandeep Kaur, Arvind Negi, Sanjeev Kumar, Sandeep Singh & Raj Kumar. (2014) Synthesis and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of 5,6-dihydropyrazolo/pyrazolo[1,5-c]quinazoline derivatives. Bioorganic Chemistry 57, pages 57-64.
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