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Historical review on thymosin α1 in oncology: preclinical and clinical experiences

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Cong Bo, Qiang Wu, Hai Zhao, Xuebing Li & Qinghua Zhou. (2018) Thymosin α1 suppresses migration and invasion of PD-L1 high-expressing non-small-cell lung cancer cells via inhibition of STAT3–MMP2 signaling. OncoTargets and Therapy 11, pages 7255-7270.
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Enrico Garaci. (2018) From thymus to cystic fibrosis: the amazing life of thymosin alpha 1. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 18:sup1, pages 9-11.
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Claudia Stincardini, Giorgia Renga, Valeria Villella, Marilena Pariano, Vasilis Oikonomou, Monica Borghi, Marina M. Bellet, Luigi Sforna, Claudio Costantini, Allan L. Goldstein, Enrico Garaci & Luigina Romani. (2018) Cellular proteostasis: a new twist in the action of thymosin α1. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 18:sup1, pages 43-48.
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Claudia Matteucci, Ayele Argaw-Denboba, Emanuela Balestrieri, Alessandro Giovinazzo, Martino Miele, Cartesio D’Agostini, Francesca Pica, Sandro Grelli, Maurizio Paci, Antonio Mastino, Paola Sinibaldi Vallebona, Enrico Garaci & Carlo Tomino. (2018) Deciphering cellular biological processes to clinical application: a new perspective for Tα1 treatment targeting multiple diseases. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 18:sup1, pages 23-31.
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Francesca Pica, Roberta Gaziano, Ida Antonia Casalinuovo, Gabriella Moroni, Cristina Buè, Dolores Limongi, Cartesio D’Agostini, Carlo Tomino, Roberto Perricone, Anna Teresa Palamara, Paola Sinibaldi Vallebona & Enrico Garaci. (2018) Serum thymosin alpha 1 levels in normal and pathological conditions. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 18:sup1, pages 13-21.
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Guozhu Xie, Di Gu, Lanfang Zhang, Shijun Chen & Dehua Wu. (2017) A rapid and systemic complete response to stereotactic body radiation therapy and pembrolizumab in a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Biology & Therapy 18:8, pages 547-551.
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Erika Vacchelli, Norma Bloy, Fernando Aranda, Aitziber Buqué, Isabelle Cremer, Sandra Demaria, Alexander Eggermont, Silvia Chiara Formenti, Wolf Hervé Fridman, Jitka Fucikova, Jérôme Galon, Radek Spisek, Eric Tartour, Laurence Zitvogel, Guido Kroemer & Lorenzo Galluzzi. (2016) Trial Watch: Immunotherapy plus radiation therapy for oncological indications. OncoImmunology 5:9.
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Articles from other publishers (17)

Yafeng Liu & Jibin Lu. (2023) Mechanism and clinical application of thymosin in the treatment of lung cancer. Frontiers in Immunology 14.
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Beom-Jin Jeong, Jisoo Kim, Yu-jin Jung, Kyung-Dug Park, Yoona Oh & Sunhwi Bang. (2023) Case Report on the Five-year Survival of a Patient with Rectal Cancer Treated with Integrative Medicine After Resection and Chemoradiation Therapy. The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine 44:3, pages 578-584.
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Sheng Wang, Maohua Huang, Minfeng Chen, Zhiting Sun, Yubo Jiao, Geni Ye, Jinghua Pan, Wencai Ye, Jianfu Zhao & Dongmei Zhang. (2023) Zoledronic acid and thymosin α1 elicit antitumor immunity against prostate cancer by enhancing tumor inflammation and cytotoxic T cells. Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 11:6, pages e006381.
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Claudia Matteucci, Ridvan Nepravishta, Ayele Argaw-Denboba, Walter Mandaliti, Alessandro Giovinazzo, Vita Petrone, Emanuela Balestrieri, Paola Sinibaldi-Vallebona, Francesca Pica, Maurizio Paci & Enrico Garaci. (2023) Thymosin α1 interacts with Galectin-1 modulating the β-galactosides affinity and inducing alteration in the biological activity. International Immunopharmacology 118, pages 110113.
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Jun-feng Chen, Shu-ru Chen, Zi-ying Lei, Hui-juan Cao, Shao-quan Zhang, Wei-zhen Weng, Jing Xiong, Deng-na Lin, Jing Zhang, Yu-bao Zheng, Zhi-liang Gao & Bing-liang Lin. (2022) Safety and efficacy of Thymosin α1 in the treatment of hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure: a randomized controlled trial. Hepatology International.
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Lanzhou Li, Chenfei Zhao, Fange Kong, Yi-Cong Li, Chunxia Wang, Shanshan Chen, Hor-Yue Tan, Yang Liu & Di Wang. (2022) Calf Thymus Polypeptide Restrains the Growth of Colorectal Tumor via Regulating the Intestinal Microbiota-Mediated Immune Function. Frontiers in Pharmacology 13.
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Ning Zhu, Fanyi Dong, Guobang Shi, Xingzhen Lao & Heng Zheng. (2022) HORDB a comprehensive database of peptide hormones. Scientific Data 9:1.
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Sunhwi Bang, Youngju Yun, Junyong Choi, Changwoo Han, Soyeon Kim, Seongha Park, Jinwoo Hong, Jungnam Kwon & In Lee. (2021) Case Report on Complete Response and 5 year Survival of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer IIIB Patient Treated with Integrative Medicine. Journal of Korean Medicine 42:1, pages 119-128.
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He Linye, Xia Zijing, Peng Wei, He Chao, Li Chuan & Wen Tianfu. (2021) Thymosin alpha-1 therapy improves postoperative survival after curative resection for solitary hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Medicine 100:20, pages e25749.
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Claudia Matteucci, Antonella Minutolo, Emanuela Balestrieri, Vita Petrone, Marialaura Fanelli, Vincenzo Malagnino, Marco Ianetta, Alessandro Giovinazzo, Filippo Barreca, Silvia Di Cesare, Patrizia De Marco, Martino Tony Miele, Nicola Toschi, Antonio Mastino, Paola Sinibaldi Vallebona, Sergio Bernardini, Paola Rogliani, Loredana Sarmati, Massimo Andreoni, Sandro Grelli & Enrico Garaci. (2021) Thymosin Alpha 1 Mitigates Cytokine Storm in Blood Cells From Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8:1.
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Uli Binder & Arne Skerra. (2020) PASylated Thymosin α1: A Long-Acting Immunostimulatory Peptide for Applications in Oncology and Virology. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22:1, pages 124.
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Lanzhou Li, Xue Jiang, Shanshan Teng, Luping Zhang, Lesheng Teng & Di Wang. (2020) Calf thymus polypeptide improved hematopoiesis via regulating colony-stimulating factors in BALB/c mice with hematopoietic dysfunction. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 156, pages 204-216.
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Tingting Wang, Lei Yin, Hao Wang, John Paul Fawcett & Jingkai Gu. (2019) Development and application of a high-throughput liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometric method for the simultaneous determination of thymosin α1 and its recombinant human form in plasma and urine. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 170, pages 16-21.
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Martina Severa, Jing Zhang, Elena Giacomini, Fabiana Rizzo, Marilena Paola Etna, Melania Cruciani, Enrico Garaci, Michael Chopp & Eliana Marina Coccia. (2019) Thymosins in multiple sclerosis and its experimental models: moving from basic to clinical application. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders 27, pages 52-60.
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P. H. Naylor & M. G. Mutchnick. (2018) Immunotherapy for hepatitis B in the direct acting antiviral era: Reevaluating the thymosin α1 efficacy trials in the light of a combination therapy approach. Journal of Viral Hepatitis 25:1, pages 4-9.
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Walter Mandaliti, Ridvan Nepravishta, Francesca Pica, Paola Sinibaldi Vallebona, Enrico Garaci & Maurizio Paci. (2017) Thymosin α1 Interacts with Hyaluronic Acid Electrostatically by Its Terminal Sequence LKEKK. Molecules 22:11, pages 1843.
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Claudia Matteucci, Sandro Grelli, Emanuela Balestrieri, Antonella Minutolo, Ayele Argaw-Denboba, Beatrice Macchi, Paola Sinibaldi-Vallebona, Carlo Federico Perno, Antonio Mastino & Enrico Garaci. (2017) Thymosin alpha 1 and HIV-1: recent advances and future perspectives. Future Microbiology 12:2, pages 141-155.
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