The effect of syntactic frequency on sentence comprehension in standard Indonesian Broca’s aphasia

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographics of the participants.

n	Type	Education (years)	Age (sd)	Gender	Handedness	TPO (years)	Token Test
12	NBD	11.5 (1.1)	66.9 (5.3)	Male = 2	Right	–	49.2 (0.9)*
11	Broca	12.1 (1.5)	68.7 (8.3)	Male = 5	Right	5.9 (4.3)	31.5 (3.8)

Notes: Mean numbers are given with (sd).

TPO = Time post onset.

*The Token Test norm is from a non-age-matched group (n = 26, mean age = 28.3).

Figure 1. An example of an item set from the sentence comprehension test.

Table 2. Mean numbers correct and standard deviations (sd) on the sentence comprehension test.

n	Type	Mean (sd)	Active	Subject cleft	Passive	Object-cleft
12	NBD	38.5 (1.0)	10 (0)	9.8 (0.4)	9.9 (0.3)	8.8 (1.0)
11	Broca	24.2 (3.9)	6.8 (1.8)	6.9 (2.1)	6.7 (1.4)	3.7 (1.1)
	Max.	40	10	10	10	10

Note: NBD = Non-brain-damaged participants.

Table 3. Mean number of sentence comprehension errors (sd) of the individuals with Broca’s aphasia.

N	mean (sd)	RR	LD	RRLD
11	15.7 (4.0)	11.7 (2.8)	3.1 (2.1)	0.9 (1.2)

Notes: Maximum number of errors is 40.

RR = Reversed role distractor; LD = lexical distractor; RRLD = reversed role lexical distractors.

Table

No	Education (years)	Age	Origin	Gender	Handed-ness	Time post-onset (years)	First language	Token Test
1	12	70	Brebes	M	Right	1.5	Javanese	28/50
2	12	71	Brebes	M	Right	10	Betawi	33/50
3	9	53	Brebes	F	Right	13	Javanese	30/50
4	12	66	Surakarta	M	Right	3	Javanese	37/50
5	12	65	Surakarta	F	Right	3–4	Javanese	37/50
6	16	57	Semarang	M	Right	5	Javanese	37/50
7	12	73	Semarang	F	Right	0.5	Javanese	29/50
8	12	82	Semarang	F	Right	10	Javanese	26/50
9	12	68	Ungaran	F	Right	7	Javanese	28/50
10	12	81	Sleman	F	Right	0.5	Javanese	30/50
11	12	70	Sleman	M	Right	11	Javanese	31/50

Table

	Total	Active	s-cleft	Passive	o-cleft
1	25	8	7	5	5
2	23	9	5	7	2
3	31	9	9	10	3
4	29	9	9	5	6
5	23	6	7	5	5
6	28	6	10	8	4
7	18	3	5	7	3
8	18	5	4	6	3
9	24	7	7	7	3
10	22	7	4	7	4
11	25	6	9	7	3
Maximum	40	10	10	10	10
Mean	24.18	6.82	6.91	6.73	3.73
sd	3.93	1.80	2.07	1.42	1.14
%	60.45	28.20	28.57	27.82	15.41

Table

	Total	Reversed role	Lexical distractor	Reversed role lexical distractor
1	15	12	2	1
2	17	16	1	0
3	9	8	1	0
4	11	8	3	0
5	17	12	3	2
6	11	9	1	1
7	22	15	6	1
8	22	14	4	4
9	16	15	1	0
10	18	10	7	1
11	15	10	5	0
Total	173	129	34	10
Mean	15.73	11.73	3.09	0.91
sd	4.02	2.80	2.07	1.16
%		74.57	19.65	5.78