https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5570-8610
Figures & data
Figure 1. Hypothesized theory of change model based on Desimone’s (Citation2009).
Table 1. Children and family characteristics.
Table 2. Observed teacher and classroom characteristics.
Table 3. Correlation matrix of PD, ECE quality, and child development.
Table 4. Model 1: Association between PE, PD and ECE quality.
Table 5. Model 2: Associations between PE, PD, and child development outcomes.
Figure 2. Direct and indirect associations between the frequency of school-based PD, ECE quality, and child development.
Figure 3. Direct and indirect associations between the diversity of PD providers, ECE quality, and child development.
Figure 4. Moderating effect of urbanicity on the association between initial teacher educational level and ECE quality.
Figure 5. Moderating effect of urbanicity on the association between pre-service education and child development.
Figure 6. Moderating effect of urbanicity on the association between frequency of school-based PD and child development.
Table 6. Association between PE, PD and different domains of child development.