Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and type 2 diabetes

Figures & data

Table 1. Studies conducted on tomato and its derived compounds and their reported antioxidant effects in diabetic conditions.

Affecter (Tomato or tomato-derived compound)	Dose	Duration	Population	Antioxidant effect	Reference
Tomato-extract lycopene	90 mg/kg of body weight	Single dose	Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats	(−) H2O2 formation (+) Catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase	^[Citation16,Citation45]
Natural tomato extract	0.2% of the diet	5 weeks	Diabetic sand rats	(+) Glutathione	^[Citation15]
Ripe cooked tomato	200 g of ripe tomatoes (cooked)/day	60 days	Patients with type 2 diabetes	(+) Superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase. (−) Lipid peroxidation	^[Citation21]
Cooked tomato	200 g/day	30 days	Patients with type 2 diabetes	(+) Superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase (−) Lipid peroxidation	^[Citation46]
Tomato-derived lycopene	30 mg/day	4 weeks	Obese patients	(+) Plasma carotenoids	^[Citation47]
Kaempferol	100 mg/kg of body weight	45 days	Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats	(+) Glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and glutathione-S-transferase. (+) Antioxidant status	^[Citation18,Citation32]
Naringenin	(5–10 mg/kg)	10 weeks	Diabetic Wistar rats	(+) Superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione enzyme. (−) Tissue malondialdehyde	^[Citation34]
Dry tomato peels	9% or 17% of the diet	12 weeks	BALB/c male mice	(+) Plasma lycopene concentration	^[Citation23]

(−) decrease; (+) increase.

Ali, M. M.; Agha, F. G. Amelioration of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Mellitus, Oxidative Stress and Dyslipidemia in Rats by Tomato Extract Lycopene. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2009, 69, 371–379. DOI: 10.1080/00365510802658473.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Basu, A.; Imrhan, V. Tomatoes versus Lycopene in Oxidative Stress and Carcinogenesis: Conclusions from Clinical Trials. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2007, 61, 295–303. DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602510.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Pollack, A.; Oren, P.; Stark, A. H.; Eisner, Z.; Nyska, A.; Madar, Z. Cataract Development in Sand and Galactosemic Rats Fed a Natural Tomato Extract. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 1999, 47, 5122–5126. DOI: 10.1021/jf9900231.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Bose, K. S.; Agrawal, B. K. Effect of Long Term Supplementation of Tomatoes (Cooked) on Levels of Antioxidant Enzymes, Lipid Peroxidation Rate, Lipid Profile and Glycated Haemoglobin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. West Indian Medical Journal 2006, 55, 274–278. DOI: 10.1590/S0043-31442006000400010.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Subhash, K.; Bose, C.; Agrawal, B. K. Effect of Short Term Supplementation of Tomatoes on Antioxidant Enzymes and Lipid Peroxidation in type-II Diabetes. Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry 2007, 22, 95–98. DOI: 10.1007/BF02912889.

 PubMedGoogle Scholar

Markovits, N.; Ben Amotz, A.; Levy, Y. The Effect of Tomato-Derived Lycopene on Low Carotenoids and Enhanced Systemic Inflammation and Oxidation in Severe Obesity. The Israel Medical Association Journal 2009, 11, 598–601.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Al-Numair, K. S.; Chandramohan, G.; Veeramani, C.; Alsaif, M. A. Ameliorative Effect of Kaempferol, a Flavonoid, on Oxidative Stress in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Redox Report 2015, 20, 198–209. DOI: 10.1179/1351000214Y.0000000117.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Rajendran, P.; Rengarajan, T.; Nandakumar, N.; Palaniswami, R.; Nishigaki, Y.; Nishigaki, I. Kaempferol, a Potential Cytostatic and Cure for Inflammatory Disorders. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2014, 86, 103–112. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.08.011.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Roy, S.; Ahmed, F.; Banerjee, S.; Saha, U. Naringenin Ameliorates Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat Renal Impairment by Downregulation of TGF-beta1 and IL-1 via Modulation of Oxidative Stress Correlates with Decreased Apoptotic Events. Pharmaceutical Biology 2016, 54, 1–12.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Zidani, S.; Benakmoum, A.; Ammouche, A.; Benali, Y.; Bouhadef, A.; Abbeddou, S. Effect of Dry Tomato Peel Supplementation on Glucose Tolerance, Insulin Resistance, and Hepatic Markers in Mice Fed High-Saturated-Fat/High-Cholesterol Diets. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 2017, 40, 164–171. DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.11.001.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar