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Article; Agriculture and Environmental Biotechnology

Changes in protein thiols in response to salt stress in embryogenic suspension cultures of Dactylis glomerata L.

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Pages 616-621 | Received 20 Mar 2014, Accepted 19 Jun 2014, Published online: 22 Oct 2014

Figures & data

Figure 1. Concentrations of free protein thiols and thiol disulphides (either intramolecular disulphide bridges or thiols, engaged in mixed protein-glutathione disulphides (a) in salt-treated suspension cultures of Dactylis glomerata L. Columns represent mean values ±SD (n = 3). Thiol disulphides-to-free thiols ratio in proteins is represented in part (b).

Figure 1. Concentrations of free protein thiols and thiol disulphides (either intramolecular disulphide bridges or thiols, engaged in mixed protein-glutathione disulphides (a) in salt-treated suspension cultures of Dactylis glomerata L. Columns represent mean values ±SD (n = 3). Thiol disulphides-to-free thiols ratio in proteins is represented in part (b).

Figure 2. Diagonal gel electrophoresis for detection of protein thiol disulphides in salt-treated suspension cultures of Dactylis glomerata L. 10% T SDS PAGE were performed in two consecutive dimensions (non-reducing and reducing). Arrows indicates proteins above the diagonal (putative intramolecular disulphide bonds) and proteins below the diagonal (putative glutathionylated proteins). Gels were silver stained.

Figure 2. Diagonal gel electrophoresis for detection of protein thiol disulphides in salt-treated suspension cultures of Dactylis glomerata L. 10% T SDS PAGE were performed in two consecutive dimensions (non-reducing and reducing). Arrows indicates proteins above the diagonal (putative intramolecular disulphide bonds) and proteins below the diagonal (putative glutathionylated proteins). Gels were silver stained.

Figure 3. Thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase system activity in salt-treated suspension cultures. Columns represent mean values and ±SD (n = 3). Significant values, compared to controls are indicated (*) as calculated by Student's t-test, p < 0.05. Activity is expressed as mmol oxidized NADPH per minute per g protein.

Figure 3. Thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase system activity in salt-treated suspension cultures. Columns represent mean values and ±SD (n = 3). Significant values, compared to controls are indicated (*) as calculated by Student's t-test, p < 0.05. Activity is expressed as mmol oxidized NADPH per minute per g protein.

Figure 4. Glutaredoxin activity (a) in salt-treated suspension cultures. Columns represent mean values and ±SD (n = 3). Significant values, compared to controls are indicated (*) as calculated by Student's t-test, p < 0.05. Activity is expressed as mmol oxidized NADPH per minute per g protein. Glutathionylated bovine serum albumin was used as substrate. Glutathionylation of bovine serum albumin was monitored on 10% T SDS PAGE by the shift in the apparent molecular weight (b).

Figure 4. Glutaredoxin activity (a) in salt-treated suspension cultures. Columns represent mean values and ±SD (n = 3). Significant values, compared to controls are indicated (*) as calculated by Student's t-test, p < 0.05. Activity is expressed as mmol oxidized NADPH per minute per g protein. Glutathionylated bovine serum albumin was used as substrate. Glutathionylation of bovine serum albumin was monitored on 10% T SDS PAGE by the shift in the apparent molecular weight (b).