New and improved strategies for the treatment of gout

Figures & data

Table 1 Some recognized risk factors for hyperuricemia

Purine over-ingestion^Citation1

Metabolic syndrome

Ethanol use^Citation35

Renal insufficiency

Filipino ancestry^Citation36

Psoriasis^Citation37

Myeloproliferative^Citation38 and lymphoproliferative^Citation39 disorders

Chronic lead poisoning^Citation40

Dehydration

The postoperative state^Citation41

Critical illness with metabolic acidosis^Citation42

Sarcoidosis^Citation43

Hyperparathyroidism^Citation44

Ketosis^Citation45

Polycystic kidney disease^Citation46

Down syndrome^Citation47

Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl-transferase deficiency (Lesch–Nyhan syndrome when homozygous)^Citation48

Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase overactivity^Citation49

Glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency (von Gierke’s disease)^Citation49

Fructose 1-phosphate aldolase deficiency^Citation50

Table 2 Drugs associated with hyperuricemia

Diuretics (loop and thiazide types)

Low-dose aspirin

Cyclosporine, tacrolimus

Ethanol

Ethambutol

Pyrazinamide

Ritonavir, darunavir, didanosine

Levodopa

Nicotinic acid, niacin

Pancreatic enzymes

Rituximab

Basiliximab

Teriparatide

Filgrastim

Sildenafil

Diazoxide

Cytotoxic chemotherapy

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