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Abstract
Background: Several demographic events have been postulated to explain the contemporaneous structure of European genetic diversity. First, an initial settlement of the continent by anatomically modern humans; second, the re-settlement of northern latitudes after the Last Glacial Maximum; third, the demic diffusion of Neolithic farmers from the Near East; and, fourth, several historical events such as the Slavic migration.
Aim: The aim of this study was to provide a more integrated picture of male-specific genetic relationships of Slovakia within the broader pan-European genetic landscape.
Subjects and methods: This study analysed a new Y-chromosome data-set (156 individuals) for both SNP and STR polymorphisms in population samples from five different Slovakian localities.
Results: It was found that the male diversity of Slovakia is embedded in the clinal pattern of the major R1a and R1b clades extending over the continent and a similar pattern of population structure is found with Y-specific SNP or STR variation.
Conclusion: The highly significant correlation between the results based on fast evolving STRs on one hand and slow evolving SNPs on the other hand suggests a recent timeframe for the settlement of the area.
Acknowledgements
The authors thank all donors for providing the samples for this study. We also warmly thank Alicia Sanchez-Mazas for her support in this project.
Declaration of interest
The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.
The work was supported by Grant Agency of Charles University; Grant number: 43-251391.
Supplementary material available online Supplementary Tables 1-4 Supplementary Figures 1-7