Meeting targets in type 2 diabetes care contributing to good glycaemic control. A cross-sectional study from a primary care setting in Estonia

Figures & data

Table I. Characteristics of the study subjects and their clinical outcomes (n= 200).

Characteristic	Value
Female gender, % (n)	61 (120)
Urban residence, % (n)	50 (100)
Diabetes under the care of: % (n)
Family doctor	83 (137)
Endocrinologist	8 (14)
Both	9 (15)
Average number of practice visits per year	6 (95% CI 5–6)
Mean duration of type 2 diabetes (years, median)	7.5 (5)
Mean HbA1c (%)	7.5 (95% CI 7.2–7.7)
HbA1c percentiles
25th	6.1
50th	7.0
75th	8.6
Mean total cholesterol (mmol/l)	5.6 (95% CI 5.5–6.4)
Mean systolic blood pressure (mm/Hg)	149 (95% CI 147–152)
Mean diastolic blood pressure (mm/Hg)	86 (95% CI 84–87)
Mean BMI (kg/m^2)	33 (95% CI 32–34)

Figure 1. Distribution of type 2 diabetes patients meeting the clinical targets recommended in the guidelines.

Figure 2. Patients’ awareness and knowledge of the HbA1c test.

Table II. Factors correlated with good glycaemic control (HbA1c<6.5%) in type 2 diabetes patients using the chi-square and logistic regression analysis.

	Pearsons chi-square statistic	df	Sig	OR (95%CI)
Urban residence	3.0	1	0.08	1.3 (1.0–1.7)
Age (<55 years, 56–75 years, >76)	0.8	2	0.07	N.A.
Diabetes duration <5years	5.1	1	0.025	1.4 (1.04–1.9)
Diabetes treatment (non-pharmacological, oral medication, oral medication and insulin)	10.2	2	0.006	NA
Not making changes to the prescribed treatment regimen	4.0	1	0.04	1.2 (1.0–1.3)
Inconsistent use of the prescribed medication	3.1	1	0.07	3.1 (0.8–12.1)
Not having a self-monitoring device	7.3	1	0.007	1 1.3 (1.1–1.5)
Not performing SMBG	6.8	1	0.009	1.3 (1.1–1.5)
Awareness of the HbA1c test	5.9	1	0.02	1.4 (1.4–1.9)

CI: confidence interval; SMBG: self-monitoring of blood glucose; NA: not applicable.

Table III. Factors associated with good glycaemic control (HbA1C <6.5%) versus poor control in multinomial forward stepwise regress ion analysis.

Predictor	P-value	OR	(95% CI)
Not having a self-monitoring device^a	0.004	4.3	1.6–11.4
Awareness of the HbA1c test^b	0.001	3.8	1.7–8.3
Diabetes duration <5 years^c	0.02	2.5	1.2–5.4

^aReference category: not having a self-monitoring device.

^bReference category: unaware of HbA1c test.

^cReference category: diabetes duration >5 years.

CI, confidence interval.