The Endocrinologic Changes in Critically Ill Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients

Figures & data

Table 1.  Demographics of the study groups

Sex	Controls	Patients	p
Women (n)	13	13
Age (yr)	72.0 (63.0–83.5)	72.0 (64.5–78.0)	.644
BMI (kg/m^2)	27.4 (24.7–29.8)	25.39 (22.0–27.4)	.130
Men (n)	7	8
Age (yr)	74.0 (52.0–85.0)	70.0 (66.3–72.0)	.562
BMI (kg/m^2)	26.2 (20.3–27.5)	25.1 (22.7–30.0)	.728
Total	20	21

Note: Values are expressed as median and interquartile ranges.

Table 2.  Arterial blood gases, CRP, and APACHE II score of patients

Parameters	Women (n = 13)	Men (n = 8)	p
pH	7.29 (7.24–7.31)	7.26 (7.15–7.32)	.744
PCO2 (mmHg)	73.9 (71.4–94.9)	79.3 (57.5–98.9)	.828
HCO3 (mEq/L)	36.0 (33.0–44.2)	31.7 (29.4–41.8)	.128
PO2/FIO2	197.6 (124.9–253.9)	253.3 (202.5–304.9)	.148
APACHE II	23.0 (17.0–25.0)	19.0 (16.0–24.8)	.558
CRP (mg/dL)	28.5 (12.5–96.4)	45.8 (26.5–103.3)	.396

Note: Values are expressed as median and interquartile ranges.

Table 3.  Hormone levels of female patients on admission to the ICU

Women	Patients (n = 13)	Controls (n = 13)	p
LH (mlU/mL)	6.8 (2.5–12.5)	26.6 (21.0–33.3)	.001
FSH (mlU/mL)	29.3 (9.2–36.0)	70.3 (62.4–88.1)	.000
E2 (pg/mL)	31.0 (21.3–39.0)	27.0 (20.0–31.0)	.589
TSH (μlU/mL)	0.9 (0.3–2.1)	1.8 (1.3–3.0)	.096
fT3 (pg/mL)	2.0 (1.7–2.4)	2.9 (2.5–3.2)	.000
fT4 (ng/dL)	1.2 (1.0–1.4)	1.2 (1.1–1.3)	.939
PRL (ng/mL)	21.3 (14.9–41.4)	12.4 (9.2–19.9)	.043
CRP (mg/dL)	28.5 (12.5–96.4)	0.8 (0.8–0.8)	.000

Note: Values are expressed as median and interquartile ranges.

*p <.05, regarding significant differences between groups.

Table 4.  Hormone levels of male patients on admission to the ICU

Men	Patients (n = 8)	Controls (n = 7)	p
LH (mlU/mL)	8.3 (7.2–13.3)	5.2 (4.4–8.7)	.298
FSH (mlU/mL)	9.6 (5.3–17.2)	4.7 (4.2–22.3)	.908
Testosterone (ng/mL)	1.5 (1.3–3.7)	3.5 (2.3–5.4)	.064
E2 (pg/mL)	28.1 (19.0–38.3)	36.4 (27.3–47.7)	.141
TSH (μlU/mL)	0.5 (0.4–1.1)	1.1 (1.0–1.7)	.028
fT3 (pg/mL)	2.7 (2.3–2.8)	3.1 (2.6–3.9)	.083
fT4 (ng/dL)	1.3 (1.1–1.3)	1.2 (1.1–1.3)	.728
PRL (ng/mL)	14.2 (11.3–53.3)	9.7 (7.6–11.6)	.028
CRP (mg/dL)	45.8 (26.5–103.3)	2.7 (0.8–4.5)	.001

Note: Values are expressed as median and interquartile ranges.

*p <.05 denotes significant differences between groups.

Table 5.  Hormone levels of women on admission to the ICU and after recovery

Women	Admission (n = 10)	Follow-up (n = 10)	p
LH (mlU/mL)	8.1 (3.1–15.3)	19.7 (5.4–25.8)	.333
FSH (mlU/mL)	28.4 (9.6–41.1)	46.6 (26.1–61.6)	.017
E2 (pg/mL)	27.7 (22.4–34.1)	19.0 (19.0–21.8)	.050
TSH (μlU/mL)	1.2 (0.3–2.3)	1.3 (0.8–2.3)	.799
fT3 (pg/mL)	2.0 (1.7–2.3)	2.6 (2.5–2.9)	.037
fT4 (ng/dL)	1.2 (1.1–1.4)	1.3 (1.1–1.4)	.878
PRL (ng/mL)	25.4 (14.9–41.4)	21.5 (9.2–70.0)	.515
CRP (mg/dL)	28.4 (12.5–151.9)	17.9 (7.1–23.7)	.069

Note: Values are expressed as median and interquartile ranges.

*p <.05 denotes significant differences between subsequent results.

Table 6.  Levels of thyroid hormones and PRL of all patients on admission to the ICU and their comparison with the control group

Thyroid hormones and PRL	Patients (n = 21)	Controls (n = 20)	p
TSH (μlU/mL)	0.7 (0.3–1.7)	1.4 (1.1–2.7)	.010
fT3 (pg/mL)	2.2 (1.9–2.7)	2.9 (2.6–3.3)	.000
fT4 (ng/mL)	1.2 (1.1–1.4)	1.2 (1.1–1.3)	.886
PRL (ng/mL)	20.9 (13.4–41.4)	11.4 (8.9–12.8)	.005

Note: Values are expressed as median and interquartile ranges.

*p <.05 represents differences between the groups.

Table 7.  Correlation between hormones and morbidity and mortality

	NIMV		IMV		ICU stay		Hospital stay		Apache II
Hormones	r	p	r	p	r	p	r	p	r	p
Women (n = 13)
LH	−.511	.074	.600	.400	−.149	.627	−.253	.405	.031	.921
FSH	.044	.887	−.600	.400	.099	.747	.286	.344	.105	.732
E2	−.224	.462	.800	.200	.045	.885	−.310	.303	−.152	.620
Men (n: 8)
LH	.143	.736	.500	.667	−.084	.844	−.262	.531	.110	.795
FSH	.071	.867	.500	.667	.024	.955	−.190	.651	−.074	.862
E2	−.955	.001**	.500	.667	−.591	.162	−.883	.008**	.560	.191
Testosteron	−.240	.955	−.500	.667	−.611	.108	−.238	.570	−.356	.387
All patients (n: 21)
TSH	−.243	.289	−.536	.215	−.287	.207	−.245	.284	−.158	.494
fT3	−.003	.989	.357	.432	.294	.195	.069	.766	.049	.844
fT4	−.092	.691	.036	.939	−.047	.839	.183	.427	.400	.068
PRL	.157	.499	−.710	.879	.140	.546	.051	.825	.199	.388

*Number of female and male patients having IMV were four and three, respectively.

**p <.05 denotes significant correlations between hormones and morbidities.