How to identify and prioritize procedures suitable for simulation-based training: Experiences from general needs assessments using a modified Delphi method and a needs assessment formula

Abstract

Simulation-based training (SBT) is a revolutionary addition to the education of residents in different specialties. However, the selection of training programs is often reliant on commercially available equipment or on experiential notions, local interests or coincidence. The first step to developing training programs should be problem identification and general needs assessment to ensure that these are aligned with current trainee needs. We describe a stepwise approach to performing a needs assessment following the Delphi process and using a needs assessment formula (NAF) to prioritize technical procedures for simulation training. This technique relies on a panel of experts to gather information and achieve a convergence of opinion. We used three rounds of survey iterations. Round 1: A brainstorming phase to gather all procedures that a newly qualified resident should be able to perform. Round 2: Rating and preliminary prioritization with a NAF including frequency of the procedure, number of doctors, impact, and feasibility. Round 3: Elimination and final prioritization of procedures. The needs assessment identifies and prioritizes procedures for simulation training. It can guide medical educators in the planning of SBT programs to address current trainee needs with the aim of improving the education and training of future doctors.

Disclosure statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this article.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Leizl Joy Nayahangan

Leizl Joy Nayahangan is a registered nurse with a Master's degree in Healthcare Management. She is a full time researcher at the Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation (CAMES) where she studies curriculum development in simulation.

Dimitrios Stefanidis

Dimitrios Stefanidis, MD, PhD, FACS, FASMBS, FSSH, is a Professor of Surgery at Indiana University School of Medicine and serves as the Vice Chair of Education for the Department of Surgery and Chief of Minimally Invasive and Bariatric Surgery. His research focuses on surgical education and performance optimization.

David E. Kern

David E. Kern, MD, MPH, is a Professor Emeritus of Medicine at Johns Hopkins University and former Director of Curriculum Development in the Johns Hopkins Faculty Development Program. His scholarship has focused on medical education and curriculum development.

Lars Konge

Lars Konge, MD, PhD, is a Professor of Medical Education at the University of Copenhagen and the head of research at CAMES. He co-chairs the AMEE Simulation Committee and his main research areas are simulation-based training and certification of technical skills.