Family History of Type 2 Diabetes and Its Association with Beta Cell Function and Lipid Profile in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Patients with Type 1 Diabetes

ABSTRACT

Objective

The objective of this study was to explore the associations between a family history of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and beta-cell function, as well as lipid profile, in pediatric patients newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on children under 14 years of age who were newly diagnosed with T1D at the Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University between August 2018 and August 2022. Clinical features, metabolic profiles, beta-cell function, and lipid profile were evaluated.

Results

A total of 316 children were diagnosed with new-onset T1D. Among them, 28.2% had a family history of T2D. Patients with T1D who had a family history of T2D experienced a later onset of the disease (p = 0.016), improved HOMA2-%B levels (p = 0.003), and increased concentrations of HDL-C (p = 0.005). In addition, no statistically significant differences in age at onset, HOMA2-%B levels, or HDL-C were found when assessing the interaction between family history of T2D and type of diabetes mellitus (autoimmune T1D/idiopathic T1D).

Conclusion

A family history of T2D may contribute to the heterogeneity of T1D patients in terms of HOMA2-%B levels and lipid profile. This highlights the significance of taking into account T2D-related factors in the diagnosis and treatment of T1D.

KEYWORDS:

• Family history
• pediatric
• type 1 diabetes
• type 2 diabetes

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to all the patients, physicians, and technicians who participated in the study.

Disclosure Statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Author Contributions

Dan Chi: Conceptualization, Methodology, Data curation, writing an original draft, Writing review and editing. Mingqiang Zhu: Conceptualization, writing, review and editing. Guanping Dong: Writing, review and editing. Hui Gao: Methodology, Software. Wenqing Xiang: Methodology, Data curation. Qing Ye: Conceptualization, writing, review, and editing. Junfen Fu: Conceptualization, writing, review, and editing.

Data Availability Statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Additional information

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.