A Chinese version of the Participation Strategies Self Efficacy Scale (PS-SES): psychometric evaluation in stroke survivors

Abstract

Objective

To cross-culturally adapt and investigate the psychometric properties of a Chinese-translated version of the Participation Strategies Self Efficacy Scale (PS-SES).

Materials and methods

The translation/back-translation procedure was done in line with cross-cultural adaptation international guidelines. 378 stroke survivors were recruited to complete the questionnaires. The psychometric properties of the PS-SES were evaluated by determining item analysis, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, content validity, construct validity, convergent validity and floor/ceiling effects, respectively.

Results

The intraclass correlation coefficient using the two-way random model (ICC) (test–retest) was 0.923 (95% confidence interval (CI):0.844–0.962; p < 0.05). Cronbach’s alpha and split-half reliability (internal consistency) for the PS-SES-C was 0.968 and 0.906, respectively. For the content validity, the I-CVI of the PS-SES-C was ranged from 0.860 to 1.000 and the S-CVI was 0.949. In the exploratory factor analysis, a six-factor solution explained 80.695% of the variance. A moderate correlation was found between the PS-SES-C and the Chinese version of WHODAS 2.0 (−0.430). A strong correlation was found between the PS-SES-C and the SSEQ-C (0.626).

Conclusion

The PS-SES-C showed satisfactory psychometric properties. It can be considered a reliable and valid instrument to assess the participation strategies self-efficacy of stroke survivors in China.

Implications for Rehabilitation

• The Participation Strategies Self Efficacy Scale was translated into Chinese through a rigorous cultural adaptation process.

• PS-SES-C is now a reliable and valid tool for Chinese-speaking patients who have suffered from a stroke.

• It is necessary to assess the participation strategies self-efficacy of strokesurvivors in China and develop targeted intervention programs.

Keywords:

• Stroke
• participation
• self efficacy
• psychometrics study

Acknowledgments

The authors also thank the content experts for their involvement in the cultural adaptation process. The authors would like to thank the participating stroke survivors from Lin-shan-zhai Community Health Service Centre, Hang-Hai East Road Community Health Service Centre, Gao-Xin Zone Science Avenue Community Health Service Centre, the inpatient rehabilitation ward of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University.

Disclosure statement

The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the scientific and technological research project of Henan Province [182102310198] and Department of Science and Technology of Henan Province [134200510018].