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Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition Volume 63, 2023 - Issue 16
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Review Articles

Nutritional management of type 2 diabetes in subjects with obesity: an international guideline for clinical practice

Luigi Barreaa Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche, Università Telematica Pegaso, Naples, Italy;b Centro Italiano per la cura e il benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Naples, ItalyORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9054-456XView further author information
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Claudia Vetranic Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, ItalyView further author information
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Massimiliano Capriod Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy;e Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Rome, ItalyORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0722-7163View further author information
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Marwan El Ghochf Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, LebanonORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4277-4752View further author information
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Evelyn Frias-Toralg Universidad Católica Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, EcuadorView further author information
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Rucha J. Mehtah Apollo Hospitals & EDMO Clinic, Ahmedabad, IndiaView further author information
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Verna Mendezi Endocrinology Department, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Los Mochis, Sinaloa, MexicoView further author information
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Eleonora Moriconie Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Rome, ItalyView further author information
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Stavroula A. Paschouj Endocrine Unit and Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GreeceView further author information
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Agnieszka Pazderskak St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland;l Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, IrelandView further author information
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Silvia Savastanom Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, ItalyORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3211-4307View further author information
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Annamaria Colaom Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy;n Cattedra Unesco “Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile”, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, ItalyORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6986-266XView further author information
ORCID Icon &
Giovanna Muscogiurim Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy;n Cattedra Unesco “Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile”, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, ItalyCorrespondence[email protected]
ORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8809-4931View further author information
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Pages 2873-2885 | Published online: 23 Sep 2021
 
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Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity represent a global public health problem. Current nutritional recommendations focused on weight loss and overall dietary quality. However, there is no consensus on the optimal macronutrient composition of the diet, particularly for the long-term management of T2DM in subjects with obesity. An international panel of experts reviewed and critically appraised the updated literature published on the topic. This review primarily examines the evidence for areas of consensus and uncertainty about nutritional therapy in patients with T2DM and obesity. The aim of this article is to provide nutritional advice to manage these patients in clinical practice.

Conflict of interest

No conflict of interest has been declared by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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