Macular atrophy and focal choroidal excavation in a patient with JAG1- related alagille syndrome

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Alagille syndrome (AGS) is a genetic disease with multisystemic affection, including ocular manifestations. Recently, a high frequency of posterior segment findings, including macular changes, has been reported. This publication aims to report an unusual finding of macular atrophy and a focal choroidal excavation in a patient with JAG1 related AGS.

Methods

Case report.

Results

This publication describes an atypical presentation of focal choroidal excavation (FCE) and unilateral macular atrophy in a 7-year-old male with Alagille syndrome (AGS). Genetic analysis revealed a pathogenic variant in the JAG1 gene. Ophthalmological examination and imaging findings demonstrated characteristic ocular manifestations of AGS, including posterior embryotoxon, chorioretinal atrophy, and thinning of the choroid.

Conclusion

The presence of FCE in AGS is uncommon, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Further exploration of similar cases is necessary to better understand the evolution and visual prognosis in patients with AGS and FCE.

Summary Statement

This case report highlights the presence of focal choroidal excavation and unilateral macular atrophy in a patient with Alagille syndrome. The genetic analysis identified a pathogenic variant in the JAG1 gene.

KEYWORDS:

• Alagille syndrome
• focal choroidal excavation
• JAG1
• macular atrophy

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Author contributions statement

All the authors listed above have actively participated in the conception of the report, analysis, and interpretation of the clinical, molecular, and imaging findings. All authors approved the final manuscript.