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Natural Product Research
Formerly Natural Product Letters
Volume 29, 2015 - Issue 23
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Articles

Review of the biological properties and toxicity of usnic acid

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Pages 2167-2180 | Received 03 Oct 2014, Accepted 07 Jan 2015, Published online: 24 Feb 2015
 

Abstract

Since its first isolation in 1844, usnic acid [2,6-diacetyl-7,9-dihydroxy-8,9b-dimethyl-1,3(2H,9bH)-dibenzo-furandione] has become the most extensively studied lichen metabolite and one of the few that are commercially available. Lichens belonging to usnic acid-containing genera have been used as crude drugs throughout the world. There are indications of usnic acid being a potentially interesting candidate for such activities as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, healing, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, antiviral, larvicidal and UV protection. However, some studies reported the liver toxicity and contact allergy. Thus, further studies are needed to establish the efficacy and safety of usnic acid

Additional information

Funding

The authors would like to thank Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico/CNPq/Brazil) and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Sergipe/FAPITEC-SE for the financial supports.

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