A systematic review on bio-sequestration of carbon dioxide in bio-concrete systems: a future direction

Abstract

The paper reviewed the current perspectives on the development of carbon dioxide (CO₂) sequestration through its process conversion into calcite. The process occurs in either geological or biological systems. However, geological sequestration is an expensive process, which is slow in comparison to bio-sequestration. Recently, the bio-sequestration of atmospheric CO₂ into the soil using microorganisms such as algae has been investigated. However, the algae cannot be used in the bio-concrete due to their nature as phototrophic organisms. In contrast, bacteria are the most potent organisms in bio-concrete technology. The use of bacterial species in the bio-aerated concrete bricks (B-ACB) and its potential to bio-sequestrate CO₂ represents a future strategy to reduce high CO₂ pollution. Bacterial cells can capture CO₂ by accelerating the carbonation processes, which convert CO₂ into calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) via carbon anhydrase and urease enzymes. The present paper aimed to highlight and discuss the applicability of bacteria in the B-ACB for capturing and storing CO₂. It is evident from the literature that the new trends to use bio-concrete might contribute to the reduction of CO₂ by accelerating the carbonation process and strengthening the B-ACB.

Keywords:

• Bacteria
• carbonation
• emissions
• greenhouse
• environmental sustainability

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This study was made possible through the grant from the Ministry of Education (MoE) under the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme FRGS (VOT No. K180) which supported by Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) under GPPS (VOT No. U997) and MDR (VOT No. H486, H487 and H488).