Iloperidone: a new option for the treatment of schizophrenia

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a debilitating condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. While currently available atypical antipsychotic agents have significantly advanced the treatment of schizophrenia, there is still a great unmet need for new, effective and better-tolerated therapies. Iloperidone, a D₂/5-HT₂ receptor antagonist, has been recently approved by the US FDA for the acute treatment of schizophrenia in adults. Iloperidone has been shown to be effective in the treatment of schizophrenia in four short-term (4–6 weeks) and three long-term (52 weeks) studies with over 3000 patients exposed to treatment. Results also indicated a reassuring safety profile, particularly regarding extrapyramidal symptoms, akathisia and prolactin elevation, with a modest effect on weight gain and no medically important changes in cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose. As other antipsychotics, iloperidone has been shown to prolong the QTc interval. Since none of the current therapies work for every patient, a pharmacogenetic approach was used to identify genetic markers associated with increased response to iloperidone, suggesting a personalized therapeutic option for this drug. In addition, a long-term 4-week injectable formulation is being developed that may assist with patient compliance. Key development findings for iloperidone are presented here.

Keywords::

• akathisia
• antipsychotic
• extrapyramidal
• iloperidone
• long-term injectable
• pharmacogenetics
• response prediction
• schizophrenia
• symptoms

Financial & competing interests disclosure

Andrew J Cutler has recived research grants and been a speaker and/or consultant for Abbott, AstraZeneca, Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma, Forest Research Institute, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Janssen Pharmaceutica, Johnson & Johnson PRD, Lilly, Lundbeck, Novartis, Ortho-McNeil, Otsuka, Pfizer, Sanofi (including Sanofi-Synthelabo, Sanofi-Aventis), Schering-Plough, Supernus and Vanda; has recieved research grants from Acadia, Memory Pharmaceuticals, Merck, Organon, Solvay and Wyeth; and has been on the CME Advisory Board and been a Consultant and Speaker for the Neuroscience Education Institute. The author has no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

Writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript. Vanda Pharmaceuticals both funded and provided medical writing and editorial assistance.