The fibres and polyphenols in sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides) extraction residues delay postprandial lipemia

Abstract

The triacylglycerol (TAG) response to fatty meals containing dried and crushed berries or berry extraction residues was studied in a postprandial cross-over study with healthy normal-weight male volunteers. The berry material included sea buckthorn berries, sea buckthorn CO₂ extraction residue (CO₂-sea buckthorn) and sea buckthorn or black currant CO₂ and ethanol extraction residue (CO₂–EtOH-sea buckthorn, CO₂–EtOH-black currant). Extraction residues were used in order to advance the potential use of valuable side stream components containing polyphenols and fibre as human food. Compared to the berry-depleted control, all berry meals delayed lipemia, whereas there were no differences in the total area under the TAG response curve. The lipemic delay largely derived from the fibre rather than from the polyphenols. Even so, the effect of polyphenols may be complementary since sea buckthorn and CO₂-sea buckthorn showed significant differences in relation to control in a wider range of TAG areas than polyphenol-depleted CO₂–EtOH-sea buckthorn.

Keywords::

• black currant
• fibre
• lipemia
• polyphenols
• postprandial state
• sea buckthorn

Author contributions: K. M. Linderborg, H.-M. Lehtonen, R. Järvinen, M. Viitanen and H. Kallio designed the research; K. M. Linderborg, H.-M. Lehtonen and R. Järvinen conducted the research; K. M. Linderborg performed statistical analyses; K. M. Linderborg, H.-M. Lehtonen, R. Järvinen, M. Viitanen and H. Kallio wrote the paper; and K. M. Linderborg had primary responsibility for the final content. All authors read and approved the final paper.

Declaration of interest: The authors are grateful to the volunteers of the study for their participation. Katja Oksa and Hannele Jokioinen are thanked for their skilful technical assistance. The Juho Vainio Foundation, The Magnus Ehrnrooth Fund of the Finnish Society of Sciences and Letters, EVO research funds of Turku City Hospital and Raisio Ltd Research Foundation are acknowledged for their financial support. Aromtech Ltd is acknowledged for providing the supercritical CO₂-extraction. The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.