Screening genes of the visual cycle RGR, RBP1 and RBP3 identifies rare sequence variations

Abstract

The visual cycle is essential for vision and several genes encoding proteins of the cycle have been found mutated in various forms of inherited retinal dystrophy. We screened 3 genes of the visual cycle. RGR, encoding the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) G protein-coupled receptor acting in vitro as a photoisomerase; RBP1, encoding the ubiquitous cellular retinol binding protein carrying intracellular all-trans retinoids; RBP3, encoding the interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein, a retinal-specific protein which shuttles all-trans retinol from photoreceptors to RPE and 11-cis retinal from RPE to photoreceptors. We used denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (D-HPLC) and direct sequencing to screen 216 patients (134 with autosomal recessive or sporadic retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and 82 with other retinal dystrophies) for RBP1 and RBP3, and 331 patients for RGR (79 cases with autosomal dominant RP and 36 RP cases with undetermined inheritance were added to the 216 previous patients). Several variants were found in the 3 genes, including unique amino acid changes, but none of them showed evidence of pathogenicity. It is likely that mutations in RGR, RBP3, and possibly RBP1 occur rarely in inherited retinal dystrophies.

KEYWORDS::

• Retinitis pigmentosa
• Gene screening
• Visual cycle

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We thank the patients and their families. MK has a fellowship from SOS Rétinite. The work was supported by private foundations (Fondation des Aveugles de France, IRRP, Retina France, UNADEV), the European EVI-GENORET contract # LSHG-CT-2005-512036 and Inserm.

Declaration of interest: The authors report no conflict of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.