273
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Release of SpeA from Streptococcus pyogenes after exposure to penicillin: Dependency on dose and inhibition by clindamycin

, , , &
Pages 983-987 | Received 10 Mar 2005, Published online: 08 Jul 2009

References

  • Stevens DL. Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome associated with necrotizing fasciitis. Annu Rev Med 2000; 51: 271–88
  • Cunningham MW. Pathogenesis of group A streptococcal infections. Clin Microbiol Rev 2000; 13: 470–511
  • Stevens DL, Tanner MH., Winship J, Swarts R, Ries KM, Schlievert PM, Kaplan E. Severe group A streptococcal infections associated with a toxic shock-like syndrome and scarlet fever toxin A. N Engl J Med 1989; 321: 1–8
  • Holm SE. Invasive group A streptococcal infections. N Engl J Med 1989; 335: 590–1
  • Hacket SP, Stevens DL. Superantigens associated with staphylococcal and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome are potent inducers of tumour necrosis factor-beta synthesis. J Infect Dis 1993; 168: 232–5
  • Bohach GA, Fast DJ, Nelson RD, Schlievert PM. Staphylococcal and streptococcal pyogenic toxins involved in toxic shock syndrome and related illnesses. Crit Rev Microbiol 1990; 17: 251–72
  • Stevens DL, Bryant AE, Yan S. Invasive group A streptococcal infection: new concepts in antibiotic treatment. Int J of Antimicr Agents 1994; 4: 297–301
  • Stevens DL, Madaras-Kelly KJ, Richards DM. In vitro antimicrobial effects of various combinations of penicillin and clindamycin against 4 strains of Streptococcus pyogenes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998; 42: 1266–8
  • Coyle EA, Cha R, Rybak MJ. Influences of linezolid, penicillin, and clindamycin, alone and in combination, on streptococcal pyogenic exotoxin A release. Antimicrob Agents and Chemother 2003; 47: 1752–5
  • Mascini EM, Jansze M, Shouls LM, Verhoef J, Van Dijk H. Penicillin and clindamycin differentially inhibit the production of pyogenic exotoxins A and B by group A streptococci. Int J of Antimicr Agents 2001; 18: 395–8
  • Kazmi SU, Kansal R, Aziz RK, Hooshdaran M, Norrby-Teglund A, Low DE, et al. Reciprocal, temporal expression of SpeA and SpeB by invasive M1T1 group A streptococcal isolates in vivo. Infect Immun 2001; 69: 4988–995
  • Brown DFJ, Brown L. Evaluation of the E-test, a novel method of quantifying antimicrobial activity. J Antimicrob Chemother 1991; 27: 185–90
  • Xu S, Collins CM. Temperature regulation of the streptococcal pyogenic exotoxin A-encoding gene (speA). Infect Immun 1996; 64: 5399–402
  • Dofferhoff ASM, Nijland JH, de Vries-Hospers HG, Mulder PH, Weits J, Bom VJ. Effects of different types of combinations of antimicrobial agents on endotoxin release from Gram-negative bacteria: an in vitro and in vivo study. Scand J Inf Dis 1991; 23: 745–54
  • Stevens DL, Mayer KA, Mitten JE. Effects of antibiotics on toxin production and viability of Clostridium perfringens. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1987; 31: 213–8
  • Kotb M. Bacterial pyogenic exotoxins as superantigens. Clin Microbiol Rev 1995; 8: 411–26
  • Stevens DL, Yan S, Bryant AE. Penicillin-binding protein expression at different growth stages determines penicillin efficacy in vitro and in vivo: an explanation for the inoculum effect. J Infect Dis 1993; 167: 1401–5
  • Neu HC. Relation of structural properties of beta-lactam antibiotics to antibacterial activity. Am J Med 1985; 79: 2–13
  • Sjölin J, Goscinski G, Lundholm M, Bring J, Odenholt I. Endotoxin release from Escherichia coli after exposure to tobramycin: dose-dependency and reduction in cefuroxime-induced endotoxin release. Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2000; 6: 74–81
  • Eagle H. Experimental approach to the problem of treatment failure with penicillin. 1. Group A streptococcal infection in mice. Am J Med 1952; 13: 389–99
  • Stevens DL, Gibbons AE, Bergstrom R, Winn V. The Eagle effect revisited: efficacy of clindamycin, erythromycin, and penicillin in the treatment of streptococcal myositis. J Infect Dis 1988; 158: 23–8
  • Craig WA, Ebent SC. Killing and regrowth of bacteria in vitro: a review. Scand J Infect Dis 1991; 74: 63–70
  • Brook I, Gober AE, Leyva F. In vitro and in vivo effects of penicillin and clindamycin on expression of group A beta-haemolytic streptococcal capsule. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1995; 39: 1565–8
  • Gemmel CG, Peterson PK, Schmeling D, Kim Y, Mathews J, Wannamaker L, Quie PG. Potentiation of opsonization and phagocytosis of Streptococcus pyogenes following growth in the presence of clindamycin. J Clin Invest 1981; 67: 1249–56

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.